Eliezer Guimarães Moura, Javier Bedoya-Castaño, Catarina de Andrade Barboza, Gabriela Silva, Gilmar Dias, Gabriela Ribeiro Ministro da Costa, Heitor Moreno, Bruno Rodrigues
{"title":"Duration of Water-Based Exercise on Hemodynamic and Sleep Quality: An of Hypertensives and Normotensives Subanalysis.","authors":"Eliezer Guimarães Moura, Javier Bedoya-Castaño, Catarina de Andrade Barboza, Gabriela Silva, Gilmar Dias, Gabriela Ribeiro Ministro da Costa, Heitor Moreno, Bruno Rodrigues","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2363464","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2363464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose</b>: This study aimed to determine whether a better hemodynamic profile and a better sleep quality are associated with the duration of physical exercise in the water; secondly, it aims to determine whether better sleep quality is associated with a more favorable hemodynamic profile. <b>Methods</b>: 97 subjects (85 women, age 59.46 ± 10.62) were included in the study. Groups were divided into normotensive (<i>n </i>= 46) and hypertensive individuals, (<i>n </i>= 51) duration of water aerobics (1-6 (<i>n </i>= 18), 7-11 (<i>n </i>= 11), 12-35 (<i>n</i> = 26), and > 36 months (<i>n </i>= 42), respectively), and sleep quality (Good, Poor, and Sleep Disordered). The peripheral (brachial), central (through applanation tonometry), and arterial blood pressure were assessed, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire was collected. <b>Results</b>: We found that the groups practicing water-based exercise for a more extended period (>6 months) did not present improved pressure values and sleep quality. The best (though still weak) relationship between the water-based exercise time and the sleep quality values occurred between the group of 7-11 exercising for over 36 months (<i>r </i>= - 0.29 for both). When multivariate regression analysis was performed, there was interaction between AIx@75bpm and sleep quality score, as well as between AIx@75bpm and the age of subjects (<i>p</i> = .006 and 0.003, respectively). <b>Conclusion</b>: The data from the present study reported that subjects who participated for a longer time in the water aerobics training protocol had no additional hemodynamic and sleep quality benefits compared to volunteers with shorter duration groups (<6 months).</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"53-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying Key Training Load and Intensity Indicators in Ice Hockey Using Unsupervised Machine Learning.","authors":"Vincenzo Rago, Tiago Fernandes, Magni Mohr","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2360162","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2360162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To identify key training load (TL) and intensity indicators in ice hockey, practice, and game data were collected using a wearable 200-Hz accelerometer and heart rate (HR) recording throughout a four-week (29 days) competitive period (23 practice sessions and 8 competitive games in 17 elite Danish players (<i>n</i> = 427 observations). Within-individual correlations among accelerometer- (total accelerations [Acc<sub>tot</sub>], accelerations >2 m·s<sup>-2</sup> [Acc2], total accelerations [Dec<sub>tot</sub>], decelerations <- 2 m·s<sup>-2</sup> [Dec2]), among HR-derived (time >85% maximum HR [t85%HR<sub>max</sub>], Edwards' TL and modified training impulse) TL indicators, and between acceleration- and HR-derived TL parameters were large to almost perfect (<i>r</i> = 0.69-0.99). No significant correlations were observed between accelerometer- and HR-derived intensity indicators. Three between- and two within-components were found. The K-means++ cluster analysis revealed five and four clusters for between- and within-loadings, respectively. The least Euclidean distance from their centroid for each cluster was reported by session-duration, Acc<sub>tot</sub>, Dec2, TRIMP<sub>MOD</sub>, %t85HR<sub>max</sub> for between-loadings, whereas session-duration, Acc2, t85HR<sub>max</sub> and Dec2/min for within-loadings. Specific TL or intensity variables might be relevant to identify similar between-subject groups (e.g. individual player, playing positions), or temporal patterns (e.g. changes in TL or intensity over time). Our study provides insights about the redundancy associated with the use of multiple TL and intensity variables in ice hockey.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"21-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141500057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of Caffeine on Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability at Rest and During Submaximal Cycling Exercise.","authors":"Mark Glaister, Dhama Lythgoe, Sahana Kamath","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2377303","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2377303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of caffeine on heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) at rest and during submaximal exercise. Using a balanced, double-blind, randomized, crossover design, 16 male cyclists (age: 37 ± 9 years; <math><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></math>O<sub>2max</sub>: 4.44 ± 0.67 L·min<sup>-1</sup>) completed three trials in an air-conditioned laboratory. In Trial 1, cyclists completed two incremental cycling tests to establish the <math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>O<sub>2</sub>-power output relationship and <math><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></math>O<sub>2max</sub>. In trials 2 and 3, cyclists were evaluated for heart rate and HRV at rest, after which they ingested a capsule containing 5 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup> of caffeine or placebo. Thirty-five minutes post-supplementation, additional resting heart rate and HRV readings were taken after which cyclists completed a submaximal incremental cycling test (6 min stages) at 40-80% of <math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>O<sub>2max</sub>; with HR and HRV measurements taken in the last 5 min of each increment. HRV was determined from the root mean square of successive differences between R-R intervals. There were significant supplement × exercise intensity interactions on heart rate (<i>p</i> = .019) and HRV (<i>p</i> = .023), with <i>post hoc</i> tests on the latter showing that caffeine increased HRV at 40%, 50%, and 60% of <math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>O<sub>2max</sub> by 3.6 ± 4.9, 2.6 ± 2.8, and 0.6 ± 1.7 ms, respectively. There was a supplement × time interaction effect on resting HRV (<i>p</i> < .001), but not on heart rate (<i>p</i> = .351). The results of this study support the suggestion that caffeine increases the parasympathetic modulation of heart rate.Clinical trial registration number: NCT05521386.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"155-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141622073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Motor Competence as a Protection Factor Against Pediatric Obesity: The Bidirectional Relationship Between Motor Competence and Weight Status.","authors":"Daniel Das Virgens Chagas, Maria Carolina Joia","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2373995","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2373995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Motor competence is negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) in young people. However, it is still unclear whether motor competence is linked to the risk of obesity in adolescents and longitudinal evidence is missing. The main purpose of this study was to assess the association between motor competence and risk of obesity across adolescence. <b>Methods:</b> A 2-year follow-up study was conducted with a total of 122 adolescents (59.8% girls) aged 12 to 13 years at baseline. Motor competence (KTK), weight status (BMI) and physical activity (questionnaire) were assessed at three time points. Generalized estimating equation and logistic regression models were conducted to examine the relationships between motor competence and weight status, adjusting for potential confounders (i.e. age, sex and physical activity). <b>Results:</b> Motor competence and BMI were inversely related over time. The chance to have overweight/obesity decreased by 6.5% and 8% with a 10-point increase in motor competence across time. In addition, adolescents had 6.4 to 8.2 greater chance to have low motor competence with a 1-point increase in BMI across time. <b>Conclusion:</b> Motor competence is inversely associated with the risk of overweight/obesity across adolescence. Therefore, the development of motor competence can be a protection factor against excessive weight gain. As such, we recommend the development of motor competence as a strategy to prevent pediatric obesity through diversified types of physical activities such as sports, active play and physical education classes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"126-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Attitude, Habit Strength, and the Relationship Between Intention and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Behavior Among College Students.","authors":"Yaogang Han, Yubing Wang, Pan Li, Binn Zhang","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2389906","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2389906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to the dual-process theories, many scholars proposed that physical activity behavior tends to be governed by an interplay of intentional planning and habitual action. The major purpose of this study was to determine the moderation effects of habit strength on the relationship between leisure time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) intention and behavior and the impacts of cognitive and affective attitude on PA habit strength, utilizing a latent interaction modeling approach. A total of 1803 undergraduate students completed this study. All variables were measured using validated self-report questionnaires. Structural equation modeling and Hayes' PROCESS program (model 1) were conducted to address the research questions. Habit strength significantly and positively moderated the effects of intention on leisure time MVPA behavior (β = .08, <i>p</i> < .01). The association between intention and PA behavior became stronger as habit strength increased. Affective attitude positively and significantly influenced habit strength (β = .71, <i>p</i> < .01). The effect of cognitive attitude on habit strength was significant and negative with a small effect size (β = -.08, <i>p</i> < .01). Findings indicated that habit strength positively moderated the relationship between PA intention and behavior, suggesting that stronger habit strength may amplify the association between PA intention and actual PA behavior. Affective attitude toward PA significantly influenced habit strength, whereas cognitive attitude exhibited minimal negative impact on habit strength. These findings contribute to our understanding of the interaction effects between deliberative and automatic processes in regulating PA behavior, as well as the nuanced relationship between attitude and habit development.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elisa Habluetzel Esposito, Dagmar F A A Derikx, Suzanne Houwen, Marina M Schoemaker, Esther Hartman
{"title":"Participation Patterns in Leisure Activities of 6- to 8-Year-Old Typically Developing Children in Relation to Their Motor Performance.","authors":"Elisa Habluetzel Esposito, Dagmar F A A Derikx, Suzanne Houwen, Marina M Schoemaker, Esther Hartman","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2389890","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2389890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The average level of children's motor performance has decreased in the past decades. Therefore, it is important to identify risk- or enabling factors for motor performance. One such factor could be children's participation in leisure activities (LA). LA are non-obligatory and intrinsically motivated activities performed during free time. They include physical activities, such as individual and team sports and other types of activities, such as doing crafts, hanging out with friends, and playing musical instruments. The present study explores how participating in different combinations of LA (i.e. participation patterns) are related to children's motor performance using a person-centered approach. Ninety 6- to 8-year-old typically developing children (57.8% boys) were recruited from six Dutch primary schools. LA participation and motor performance were measured with the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment questionnaire and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, respectively. Children were grouped in patterns using Cluster Analysis. Comparisons among patterns were performed with one-way multivariate analysis of variance. As hypothesized, children who participated in a greater variety of LA (i.e., higher participation diversity) and who engaged more frequently in each LA (i.e., higher participation intensity) scored better on manual dexterity, balance, and total motor performance compared to those with lower participation diversity and intensity. Based on these findings, coaches, physical educators, and parents should create opportunities for children to participate in a broad range of LA and to engage in these LA frequently.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"201-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142116661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irene Rocamora, Sixto González-Víllora, Javier Fernandez-Rio, Natalia María Arias Palencia
{"title":"Physical Activity Levels and Body Mass Index in Sport Education. Is There a Difference?","authors":"Irene Rocamora, Sixto González-Víllora, Javier Fernandez-Rio, Natalia María Arias Palencia","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2365300","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2365300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> The goals of this study were: (1) to assess students' physical activity levels in a sport education season according to the phases of the model, adjusted for body mass index; (2) to uncover the contribution of the phases of the model to the World Health Organization recommendations; (3) to understand its impact in students with overweight/obesity. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 42 primary education students with a mean age of 10.68 ± 0.69 years, enrolled in one year 5 (10-11 years) and one year 6 (11-12 years). Physical Education lessons of the same school agreed to participate. Students in both groups experienced a 14-lesson learning unit in team handball through the sport education. Each participant wore an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer to measure physical activity levels, counts/minute and steps counted. Cole and Lobstein cutoff points were used to determine groups based on body mass index (thin, normal-weight, overweight/obese). <b>Results:</b> The results showed that the overweight/obese group achieved scores for moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time that were not significantly different from the normal-weight group. According to the phases, the preseason was the most active and contributed most to the World Health Organization recommendations in all groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> Sport education could be considered an appropriate pedagogical framework to help overweight/obese children achieve moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary scores similar to their normal-weight classmates. Key elements of sport education include performing roles, learning work routines, and having the autonomy to choose games/tasks, all of which promote physical activity amongst all students.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"75-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ann E Rogers, Christopher S Wichman, Michaela A Schenkelberg, David A Dzewaltowski
{"title":"Inequality in Children's Physical Activity Across Time-Segmented Youth Sport Practice.","authors":"Ann E Rogers, Christopher S Wichman, Michaela A Schenkelberg, David A Dzewaltowski","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2367565","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2367565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Youth sport (YS) is a community system for promoting children's physical activity (PA). Studies have examined mean PA during YS practices, but few have examined inequalities in the distribution of PA among children during practice time. This study examined PA inequality in time-segmented YS practices and differences in inequality by time segment characteristics. <b>Methods:</b> Children's PA and YS practices were examined using accelerometer and video observation data from a sample of YS teams (<i>n</i> = 36 teams, <i>n</i> = 101 practices) for third- through sixth-grade children (<i>n</i> = 392), approximately eight to 12 years old, in two rural U.S. communities. Practices were time-segmented into smaller units (episodes; <i>n</i> = 991). Episodes were assigned codes for purpose (e.g. warm-up), member arrangement (e.g. whole group), and setting demand (i.e. fosters participation, creates exclusion). Group accelerometer data were paired with episodes, and the Gini coefficient quantified inequality in activity counts and minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Beta generalized estimating equations examined the influence of episode structure on PA inequality. <b>Results:</b> Warm-up (Gini = 0.22), fitness (Gini = 0.24), and sport skill (Gini = 0.24) episodes had significantly lower inequality (<i>p</i> < .05) in activity counts than other purpose types. Management (Gini = 0.32) and strategy (Gini = 0.40) episodes had significantly greater inequality (<i>p</i> < .05) in MVPA minutes than other purpose types. Episodes fostering participation (Gini = 0.32) had significantly lower activity count inequality (<i>p</i> < .05) than episodes creating exclusion (Gini = 0.35). <b>Conclusion:</b> PA inequality among children during YS varied by practice structure. Metrics such as the Gini coefficient can illuminate inequalities in PA and may be useful for guiding efforts to improve population PA in children. <b>Trial Registration:</b> This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03380143).</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"96-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Affective Exercise Experience in Childhood and Psychological Determinants of Exercise Among Japanese Older Adults.","authors":"Robert Walker, Kazuhiro Harada","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2375290","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2375290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Japan faces significant challenges associated with its super-aged society. Exercise and physical activity are recommended strategies to promote healthy aging and quality of life in older age. However, what determines exercise behavior among Japanese older adults is relatively unknown. The principle aim of this study was to explore exercise determinants and their relation to exercise behavior among Japanese older adults. Completed self-report questionnaires were received from 1,000 Japanese older adults aged between 65 and 74 years who resided in the Kansai area. A cross-sectional maximum likelihood path analysis was used to test the relationships between variables, where it was hypothesized that affective experiences in childhood had an indirect association with the exercise behavior of Japanese older adults through the seven psychological determinants of exercise. Demographic factors were also included in the model as potential influences of all factors. Knowledge held the largest significant direct association with exercise behavior (β = .539, <i>p </i>= <.001), particularly more intense forms of exercise such as resistance exercise (β = .725, <i>p </i>= <.001) and moderate to strenuous exercise (β = .420, <i>p </i>= <.001), whilst affective exercise experience in childhood (B = 3.749, <i>p </i>= <.001) and gender (B = 5.183, <i>p</i> = .003) held significant indirect associations. This paper emphasizes the importance of exercise-related knowledge among Japanese older adults and future research is warranted to further explore the role of positive affective exercise experiences in childhood and their influence on exercise behavior, especially amongst girls.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"133-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141622071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marc Madruga-Parera, Pedro T Esteves, John F T Fernandes, Vicente Beltrán-Garrido, Stephen Bird, Nuno Leite, Daniel Romero-Rodriguez, Jorge Arede
{"title":"Inclusion of Game-Based Stimulus During Flywheel Resistance Training Positively Influences Physical Performance in Handball Players.","authors":"Marc Madruga-Parera, Pedro T Esteves, John F T Fernandes, Vicente Beltrán-Garrido, Stephen Bird, Nuno Leite, Daniel Romero-Rodriguez, Jorge Arede","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2359603","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2359603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Handball is a body-contact Olympic ball sport that is characterized by fast-paced defensive and offensive actions. Players must coordinate explosive movements (e.g. changing of direction) and handball-specific skills (e.g. passing). Maximizing performance requires a systematic approach to training that includes physical, psychological, technical, and tactical preparation. <b>Purpose:</b> The aim of this study is to determine the effects of movement-based (MOV; unspecific sport stimulus) or game-based (GAM; sport-specific stimulus) flywheel resistance training intervention in highly trained youth handball players. <b>Method:</b>Twenty-five highly trained youth male handball players completed two sessions per week of flywheel resistance training (MOV, <i>n</i> = 12; GAM, <i>n</i> = 13) over the 7-week intervention period. Change-of-direction tests (180º change-of-direction speed test of both legs and test) and handball-throwing test were conducted before and after the intervention. <b>Results:</b> Both groups significantly improved <i>V</i>-cut, and 180º Change-of-direction speed test performance (<i>p</i> < .05; <i>d</i> = 0.79-2.05). Notwithstanding, the GAM group demonstrated greater improvements in <i>V</i>-cut and COD180<sub>ASY</sub> compared with the MOV group (<i>p</i> < .05) with small effect. Handball throwing speed performance remained unchanged independently of training condition (<i>p</i> > .05). <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings provide further support for the training principle of \"specificity\" and highlight the importance of including a game-based training stimulus during resistance training. This is a key consideration for coaches wanting to enhance physical performance in youth handball players.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}