Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids最新文献

{"title":"Adipose tissue fatty acids as biomarkers for metabolic dysfunction in obese females: Implication of menopause and ageing","authors":"Sara Sousa ,&nbsp;Diogo Pestana ,&nbsp;Gil Faria ,&nbsp;Cristina Delerue-Matos ,&nbsp;Conceição Calhau ,&nbsp;Valentina Fernandes Domingues","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fatty acids (FA) are biomarkers of metabolic dysfunction. Adipose tissue is the largest reservoir of FA and acts differently in obese individuals. Menopause by itself significantly alters metabolism, lipid metabolism dysregulation, and adipose tissue distribution. How adipose tissue FA alters an obese individual's metabolism depending on a female's menopausal status is yet poorly understood.</p><p>Hence, the subcutaneous (scAT) and visceral adipose tissue (vAT) FA profile for 173 obese premenopausal and postmenopausal women was measured and associated with biochemical parameters. scAT and vAT FA profiles were distinct by themselves and in menopause. In total 816 associations were found with biochemical parameters, where only 58 were independent of the menopausal status.</p><p>The associations found to emphasize the importance of assessing the adipose tissue FA profile and how their behavior changes with menopause. The FA are crucial in metabolic processes and can be helpful biomarkers in the prevention/treatment and follow-up of female obesity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 102581"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9974567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-esterified erythrocyte linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and subjective sleep outcomes","authors":"Anne E. Sanders ,&nbsp;E. Diane Wallace ,&nbsp;Brandie M. Ehrmann ,&nbsp;Paul S. Soma ,&nbsp;Saame R. Shaikh ,&nbsp;John S. Preisser ,&nbsp;Richard Ohrbach ,&nbsp;Roger B. Fillingim ,&nbsp;Gary D. Slade","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study investigated whether non-esterified erythrocyte omega-6 PUFAs were associated with subjective assessment of sleep quality and duration, and risk for obstructive sleep apnea.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this secondary analysis of the cross-sectional OPPERA-II study, 538 adults completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), reported their usual hours of sleep, and answered STOP screening questions for obstructive sleep apnea. Circulating non-esterified erythrocyte concentrations of omega-6 PUFA linoleic acid and arachidonic acid were quantified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy. Sleep outcomes were dichotomized as poor (PSQI ≤5) vs good (PSQI ≥6) sleep quality, insufficient or excessive (≤6 or &gt;9 h) vs good (7-9 h) sleep duration, and high (≥2 affirmative responses) vs low (&lt;2 affirmative responses) risk for obstructive sleep apnea. Non-esterified omega-6 PUFAs and the continuous covariates of body mass index, Short Form (SF) 12 Health Survey Physical and Mental Component scores and resting measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were standardized for multivariable analysis. Categorical covariates were study site, age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression first estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence limits (CL) for sleep outcomes using linoleic acid as the main exposure. Analysis was then repeated using arachidonic acid as the main exposure.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the multivariable-adjusted model, each standard deviation increase in non-esterified erythrocyte linoleic acid was associated with higher odds of poor sleep quality (OR=1.2, 95% CL: 1.1, 1.5), insufficient or excessive sleep (OR= 1.3, 95% CL: 1.1, 1.6) and high-risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OR=1.3, 95% CL: 1.1, 1.6). Likewise, for each standard deviation increase in non-esterified erythrocyte arachidonic acid, odds increased of poor sleep quality (OR=1.2, 95% CL: 1.1, 1.5), and insufficient or excessive sleep (OR=1.2, 95% CL: 1.1, 1.5). Odds of being high risk for obstructive sleep apnea increased with greater circulating arachidonic acid, but the association did not reach statistical significance (OR=1.1, 95% CL: 0.9, 1.4).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Non-esterified erythrocyte linoleic acid and arachidonic acid were associated with poor sleep quality and insufficient or excessive sleep duration. Linoleic acid, but not arachidonic acid, was also associated with high risk for obstructive sleep apnea.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 102580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10529142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9968595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide association study of Red Blood Cell fatty acids in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study","authors":"Jason Westra ,&nbsp;Carmen Annevelink ,&nbsp;Tonya Orchard ,&nbsp;Lifang Hou ,&nbsp;William S. Harris ,&nbsp;Timothy D. O'Connell ,&nbsp;Gregory Shearer ,&nbsp;Nathan Tintle","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Despite their widespread associations with a wide variety of disease phenotypes, the genetics of red blood cell fatty acids remains understudied. We present one of the first genome-wide association studies of red blood cell fatty acid levels, using the Women's Health Initiative Memory study – a prospective cohort of </span><em>N</em> = 7,479 women aged 65–79. Approximately 9 million SNPs were measured directly or imputed and, in separate linear models adjusted for age and genetic principal components of ethnicity, SNPs were used to predict 28 different fatty acids. SNPs were considered genome-wide significant using a standard genome-wide significance level of <em>p</em> &lt; 1 × 10–8. Twelve separate loci were identified, seven of which replicated results of a prior RBC-FA GWAS. Of the five novel loci, two have functional annotations directly related to fatty acids (ELOVL6 and ACSL6). While overall explained variation is low, the twelve loci identified provide strong evidence of direct relationships between these genes and fatty acid levels. Further studies are needed to establish and confirm the biological mechanisms by which these genes may directly contribute to fatty acid levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 102577"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10320552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9744869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between PLA2 gene polymorphisms and treatment response to antipsychotic medications: A study of antipsychotic-naïve first-episode psychosis patients and nonadherent chronic psychosis patients","authors":"Sergej Nadalin ,&nbsp;Lena Zatković ,&nbsp;Vjekoslav Peitl ,&nbsp;Dalibor Karlović ,&nbsp;Branka Vidrih ,&nbsp;Antonia Puljić ,&nbsp;Sanja Dević Pavlić ,&nbsp;Alena Buretić-Tomljanović","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Here we investigated whether antipsychotic treatment was influenced by three polymorphisms: rs10798059 (BanI) in the phospholipase A2 (PLA2)G4A gene, rs4375 in PLA2G6, and rs1549637 in PLA2G4C. A total of 186 antipsychotic-naïve first-episode psychosis patients or nonadherent chronic psychosis individuals (99 males and 87 females) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction analysis/restriction fragment length polymorphism. At baseline, and after 8 weeks of treatment with various antipsychotic medications, we assessed patients’ Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores, PANSS factors, and metabolic syndrome-related parameters (fasting plasma lipid and glucose levels, and body mass index). We found that PLA2G4A polymorphism influenced changes in PANSS psychopathology, and PLA2G6 polymorphism influenced changes in PANSS psychopathology and metabolic parameters. PLA2G4C polymorphism did not show any impact on PANSS psychopathology or metabolic parameters. The polymorphisms’ effect sizes were estimated as moderate to strong, with contributions ranging from around 6.2–15.7%. Furthermore, the polymorphisms’ effects manifested in a gender-specific manner.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 102578"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9676149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An open-label, multicenter, phase 2 study of a food enriched with docosahexaenoic acid in adults with sickle cell disease","authors":"K.V. Giriraja ,&nbsp;S.K. Bhatnagar ,&nbsp;L. Tomlinson ,&nbsp;F. Sancilio","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sickle cell disease (SCD) induces red blood cell sickling, which causes debilitating symptoms including vaso-occlusion and inflammation. We investigated a food enriched with omega-3 fatty acids to determine its effect on certain factors: blood cell membrane fatty acid composition (including anti-inflammatory elements—docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)—and the pro-inflammatory, arachidonic acid (AA)); the inflammation biomarker, C-reactive protein (CRP); and vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) pain. Ten adults with SCD ingested the food, daily, for 28 days. Evaluated measures included blood cell membrane fatty acid ratios (AA vs omega-3 (DHA+EPA)), CRP (mg/L) levels, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores (a VOC assessment). The food was well tolerated and led to a statistically significant CRP reduction (39%). However, changes in omega-3 fatty acid ratios and VAS scores were not significant. Overall, while the omega-3-enriched food reduced inflammation, larger, blinded studies are needed to assess its effectiveness on other measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 102574"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9627244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on reducing anxiety and/or depression in adults; A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","authors":"Christos F. Kelaiditis ,&nbsp;E.Leigh Gibson ,&nbsp;Simon C. Dyall","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic- (EPA), docosahexaenoic- (DHA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPAn-3) are promising therapeutic options in reducing the severity of anxious and depressive symptoms. However, meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) yield mixed findings. This systematic review and meta-analysis reviewed the evidence and assessed the efficacy of EPA, DHA and DPAn-3 in reducing the severity of anxiety and depression with specific consideration to methodological complications unique to the field e.g., dose and ratio of omega-3 PUFAs and placebo composition. Random-effects meta-analysis of ten RCTs comprising 1426 participants revealed statistically significant reduction in depression severity with EPA-enriched interventions at proportions ≥ 60% of total EPA + DHA (SMD: -0.36; 95% CI: -0.68, -0.05; <em>p</em> = 0.02) (I² = 86%) and EPA doses between ≥ 1 g/day and &lt; 2 g/day (SMD: -0.43; 95% CI: -0.79, -0.07; <em>p</em> = 0.02) (I² = 88%); however, EPA doses ≥ 2 g/day were not associated with significant therapeutic effects (SMD: -0.20; 95% CI: -0.48, 0.07; <em>p</em> = 0.14). Only one study reported significant reduction in anxiety severity with 2.1 g/day EPA (85.6% of total EPA + DHA), therefore meta-analysis was not possible. No trials administering DPAn-3 were identified. Visual examination of the funnel plot revealed asymmetry, suggesting publication bias and heterogeneity amongst the trials. These results support the therapeutic potential of EPA in depression at proportions ≥ 60% of total EPA + DHA and doses ≥ 1 g/day and &lt; 2 g/day. The observed publication bias and heterogeneity amongst the trials reflect the need for more high-quality trials in this area with consideration to the unique nature of omega-3 PUFAs research, to more fully elucidate the therapeutic potential of EPA, DHA and DPAn-3.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 102572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9629903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macronutrient composition of term and preterm human milk of different socio economic groups","authors":"Chathyushya K B ,&nbsp;Hemalatha R ,&nbsp;Ananthan R ,&nbsp;J J Babu G ,&nbsp;Devraj J P ,&nbsp;Santosh Kumar Banjara ,&nbsp;Alimelu M ,&nbsp;Pradeep Reddy K ,&nbsp;Nitasha B ,&nbsp;Shiva Prakash M","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Assessment of the nutritional composition of Human Breast Milk (HBM) is important to understand its sufficiency as the sole nutrient source in infants. The present study is aimed to analyze the proximate composition along with total amino acid and fatty acid profile in term and preterm HBM of different socio economic status.</p><p>This cross sectional study included, 120 lactating mothers with term or preterm gestation from maternity hospitals located in Hyderabad, Telangana. Nutritional proximate, total amino and fatty acid profiles were estimated in pooled human milk collected from each participant within the first week of postpartum.</p><p>The macronutrient composition in term was similar to that of preterm breast milk. The essential amino acid Leucine was significantly high in preterm (8.91 ± 0.18) when compared to term (8.61 ± 0.23). <strong>ω</strong>-5 fatty acid Myristoleic acid was significantly high in preterm (0.14 ± 0.02) when compared to term (0.11 ± 0.02), whereas <strong>ω</strong>-6 fatty acids like Docosadienoic Acid and Eicosadienoic acid were found to be significantly high in term when compared to preterm. Further, it was also found that the mono unsaturated and <strong>ω</strong>-9 fatty acids were significantly high in lower socio economic group, whereas, poly unsaturated and <strong>ω</strong> -3 and 6 fatty acids were significantly high in upper socio economic group.</p><p>The present study concludes that, nutritional composition like essential amino and fatty acids of human milk vary significantly between different gestational age as well as in socio economic groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 102571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9985668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma and rectal mucosal oxylipin levels during aspirin and eicosapentaenoic acid treatment in the seAFOod polyp prevention trial","authors":"H. Fuller ,&nbsp;A.D. Race ,&nbsp;H. Fenton ,&nbsp;L. Burke ,&nbsp;A. Downing ,&nbsp;E.A. Williams ,&nbsp;C.J. Rees ,&nbsp;L.C. Brown ,&nbsp;P.M. Loadman ,&nbsp;M.A. Hull","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Aspirin and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have colorectal polyp prevention activity, alone and in combination. This study measured levels of plasma and rectal mucosal oxylipins in participants of the seAFOod 2 × 2 factorial, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, who received aspirin 300 mg daily and EPA 2000 mg free fatty acid, alone and in combination, for 12 months.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Resolvin (Rv) E1, 15-epi-lipoxin (LX) A₄ and respective precursors 18-HEPE and 15-HETE (with chiral separation) were measured by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in plasma taken at baseline, 6 months and 12 months, as well as rectal mucosa obtained at trial exit colonoscopy at 12 months, in 401 trial participants.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Despite detection of <em>S</em>- and <em>R</em>- enantiomers of 18-HEPE and 15-HETE in ng/ml concentrations, RvE1 or 15‑epi-LXA₄ were not detected above a limit of detection of 20 pg/ml in plasma or rectal mucosa, even in individuals randomised to both aspirin and EPA. We have confirmed in a large clinical trial cohort that prolonged (12 months) treatment with EPA is associated with increased plasma 18-HEPE concentrations (median [inter-quartile range] total 18-HEPE 0.51 [0.21–1.95] ng/ml at baseline <em>versus</em> 0.95 [0.46–4.06] ng/ml at 6 months [<em>P</em>&lt;0.0001] in those randomised to EPA alone), which correlate strongly with respective rectal mucosal 18-HEPE levels (<em>r</em> = 0.82; <em>P</em>&lt;0.001), but which do not predict polyp prevention efficacy by EPA or aspirin.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Analysis of seAFOod trial plasma and rectal mucosal samples has not provided evidence of synthesis of the EPA-derived specialised pro-resolving mediator RvE1 or aspirin-trigged lipoxin 15‑epi-LXA₄. We cannot rule out degradation of individual oxylipins during sample collection and storage but readily measurable precursor oxylipins argues against widespread degradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 102570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10002302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetics of omega-3 fatty acid transfer to milk differs between fatty acids and stage of lactation in dairy cows","authors":"Natalie L. Urrutia ,&nbsp;Michel Baldin ,&nbsp;Samantha R. Egolf ,&nbsp;Rachel E. Walker ,&nbsp;Yun Ying ,&nbsp;Michael H. Green ,&nbsp;Kevin J. Harvatine","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fatty acids (FA) differ in their transfer efficiencies and metabolic partitioning and lactating cows provide a robust model to investigate kinetics of FA transport. The objective was to compare kinetics of n-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) trafficking through plasma and into milk. In the first experiment, ten ruminally cannulated multiparous Holstein cows were used in a crossover design with 7 d periods. Cows were milked at 6 h intervals and abomasal treatments provided a single dose of 80.1 g of α-linolenic acid as free FA (ALA-FFA) or 45.5 g EPA and 32.9 g DHA (LCn3-FFA). Transfer of n-3 PUFA to milk was nearly 50% higher for ALA-FFA than LCn3-FFA (48.2 and 32.7% of the bolus) and fit a bi-exponential model. Rapid transport of n-3 PUFA, assumed to be directly through chylomicrons, was nearly twice as high in ALA-FFA than LCn3-FFA and the subsequent slow transport, assumed to be indirect transfer through tissue recycling, was over 2.5-fold higher in LCn3-FFA than in ALA-FFA. Plasma analysis revealed LCn3-FFA enriched phospholipids and cholesterol esters, which had a slow clearance. In the second experiment, 4 cows received a bolus of a mixture of ALA, EPA, and DHA prepartum while not lactating and around d 10, 55, and 225 of lactation. Transfer of ALA to milk did not differ between stages of lactation, but DHA was lower in early compared to mid and late lactation. In conclusion, dietary ALA is rapidly and efficiently transferred to milk in cows while EPA and DHA are rapidly incorporated into plasma or tissue fractions not available to the mammary gland. This demonstrates clear differences in trafficking and partitioning of n-3 PUFA that ultimately impact tissue and organelle enrichment with implications for effective doses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 102573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10002330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncostatin M stimulates prostaglandin D2-induced osteoprotegerin and interleukin-6 synthesis in osteoblasts","authors":"Gen Kuroyanagi ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Hioki ,&nbsp;Junko Tachi ,&nbsp;Rie Matsushima-Nishiwaki ,&nbsp;Hiroki Iida ,&nbsp;Osamu Kozawa ,&nbsp;Haruhiko Tokuda","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oncostatin M produced by osteal macrophages plays a significant role in fracture healing. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) secreted by osteoblasts, binds to the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) ligand (RANKL) as a decoy receptor and prevents RANKL from binding to RANK, resulting in bone resorption suppression. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine and generally regulates bone resorption. However, accumulating evidence suggests that IL-6 plays pivotal roles in bone formation. We previously showed that prostaglandin D₂ (PGD₂) induces OPG synthesis by activating p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), and p44/p42 MAP kinase in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PGD₂ stimulates IL-6 synthesis by activating p38 MAP kinase and p44/p42 MAP kinase in MC3T3-E1 cells. In the present study, we investigated whether oncostatin M affects PGD₂-stimulated OPG and IL-6 synthesis in MC3T3-E1 cells through MAP kinase activation. The osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells and normal human osteoblasts were treated with oncostatin M and subsequently stimulated with PGD₂. Consequently, oncostatin M significantly increased the PGD₂-stimulated OPG and IL-6 release in both cells. Oncostatin M significantly enhanced mRNA expression levels of OPG and IL-6 induced by PGD₂ similarly in both cells. Regarding the signaling mechanism, oncostatin M did not affect the phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase, SAPK/JNK, and p44/p42 MAP kinase. Our results suggest that oncostatin M upregulates the PGD₂-stimulated OPG and IL-6 synthesis in osteoblasts and therefore affects bone remodeling. However, OPG and IL-6 synthesis are not mediated through p38 MAP kinase, p44/p42 MAP kinase, or SAPK/JNK pathways.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 102575"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49802484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}