{"title":"The nuclear dynamic of CDC48 is affected during the immune response in plants.","authors":"Damien Inès, Aymeric Leray, Pascale Winckler, Pierre-Emmanuel Courty, David Wendehenne, Claire Rosnoblet","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2488104","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2488104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants are continuously challenged by a myriad of pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and oomycetes, against which they must defend themselves. The protein Cell Division Cycle 48 (CDC48), a key player of ubiquitin-proteasome system which segregates and remodels ubiquitinated proteins for degradation, is known to be mobilized during plant immunity. Moreover, the characterization of the nuclear role of CDC48 is of interest, in particular its regulation in nuclear processes such as chromatin remodeling, DNA repair and gene expression. In this regard, its nuclear functions during plant immunity remain underexplored. This study investigates the dynamics of CDC48 during plant immune responses. The biophysical analysis using the Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) on tobacco leaves stably overexpressing GFP-CDC48 revealed that the nuclear dynamics of CDC48 changed after treatment with cryptogein, an elicitor of immune responses. FCS analysis revealed an increase of the nuclear mobility of CDC48 and a faster interaction of CDC48 with a wide range of nuclear partners shortly after cryptogein treatment. Overall, our study shows a nuclear regulation of the interaction of CDC48 with its potential partners and sheds new light on potential nuclear involvements of CDC48 following the triggering of defense mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"20 1","pages":"2488104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11970785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143766294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cloning and functional analysis of transcription factor <i>AaCMB1</i> on carotenoid accumulation in spathe of <i>Anthurium andraeanum</i>.","authors":"Hong Luo, Chunfang Hu, Lulu Bai, Guangdong Wang","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2527961","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2527961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Anthurium andraeanum</i> Linden, a flowering foliage plant belonging to the Araceae family, exhibits colorful spathes but lacks deep yellow cultivars. The carotenoid metabolic pathway is crucial for the accumulation of yellow pigments (e.g. lutein) in plant cells, with transcriptional regulation playing a key role in this process. Among these regulators, the MADS-box family represents one of the major transcription factor families involved in this regulatory network. To investigate the regulatory role of MADS-box family transcription factors in carotenoid metabolism in <i>Anthurium</i> spathes, a MADS-box gene from the light yellow spathe cultivar 'Vanilla' was cloned and designated as <i>AaCMB1</i>. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that AaCMB1 is localized in the nucleus. Transient overexpression of <i>AaCMB1</i> increased carotenoid accumulation in <i>Anthurium</i> spathes, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that overexpression of <i>AaCMB1</i> upregulated the expression of key structural genes in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays demonstrated that AaCMB1 interacts with AaNAC1574. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays further indicated that AaCMB1 can activate the <i>AaLCYB</i> promoter. These findings suggest that AaCMB1 and AaNAC1574 may form a heterodimer to regulate the expression of <i>AaLCYB</i>, thereby modulating carotenoid accumulation in <i>Anthurium</i> spathes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"20 1","pages":"2527961"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TSJT1 and glutamate is required for aluminum tolerance associated with mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Chao Yuan, Lilong He, Donghua Chen, Jianwei Gao, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2526765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2025.2526765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aluminum stress is a critical limiting factor in crop productivity, as it rapidly inhibits root elongation, impairs water and nutrient uptake, and ultimately leads to substantial yield reductions. To address this challenge, it is essential to elucidate the mechanisms underlying plant aluminum toxicity and tolerance, thereby enhancing crop resilience to aluminum stress. In this study, we employed transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to identify the protein TSJT1, which is induced by aluminum exposure and plays an essential role in the plant's response to aluminum. Notably, <i>TSJT1</i> expression was significantly up-regulated in mpc1 mutants; furthermore, overexpression of <i>TSJT1</i> markedly enhanced the plant's resistance to aluminum stress. Our integrated analysis also revealed significant differences in glutamate metabolites as well as a protein encoding glutamate synthetase during this process. Through exogenous glutamate supplementation, we demonstrated that glutamate plays a critical role in the MPC1-mediated response to aluminum stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"20 1","pages":"2526765"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144628313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phylogenetic relationship of WRKY transcription factors in <i>Solanum</i> and potato genes in response to hormonal and biotic stresses.","authors":"Dequan Jiang, Wenjuan Huang, Jia Liu","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2491465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2025.2491465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>WRKY transcription factors are important regulators of plant responses to environmental stresses and hormone signaling. This study analyzes the WRKY gene family in <i>Solanum tuberosum</i> by examining the phylogenetic relationships, expression profiles, and their roles in abiotic stress and hormone responses. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using 322 WRKY genes from four <i>Solanum</i> species: <i>S. tuberosum, S. pennellii, S. pimpinellifolium</i>, and <i>S. lycopersicum</i>. The results revealed conserved and expanded WRKY genes across these species. We then studied the expression of 75 SotuWRKY genes in response to salt, drought, heat stresses, and hormone treatments (IAA, ABA, BABA, GA3, and BAP). Results showed that 19, 25, and 29 genes were regulated under salt, drought, and heat stresses, respectively. Several WRKY genes (e.g. SotuWRKY03 and SotuWRKY24) were also regulated by biotic stresses like <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> infection and hormone treatments, indicating their involvement in plant defense mechanisms. A gene co-expression network was constructed based on gene-to-gene correlations, where <i>SotuWRKY52</i> was identified as a hub gene, positively regulating six WRKY genes and negatively regulating four. These findings suggest that potato WRKY genes play key roles in regulating stress responses and hormone signaling, potentially enhancing potato resistance to stresses and diseases. This study provides new insights into WRKY transcription factors in <i>S. tuberosum</i> and other <i>Solanum</i> species.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"20 1","pages":"2491465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdul Baqi, Samiullah, Jadoon Khan, Asma Sadiq, Yousaf Khan, Shahid Ali, Syed Nadeem Ul Hassan Mohani, Naqeebullah Khan, Tawaf Ali Shah, Khalid S Almaary, Youssouf Ali Younous, Mohammed Bourhia
{"title":"Computational identification and experimental validation of novel <i>Saccharum officinarum</i> microRNAs along with their targets through RT-PCR approach.","authors":"Abdul Baqi, Samiullah, Jadoon Khan, Asma Sadiq, Yousaf Khan, Shahid Ali, Syed Nadeem Ul Hassan Mohani, Naqeebullah Khan, Tawaf Ali Shah, Khalid S Almaary, Youssouf Ali Younous, Mohammed Bourhia","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2452334","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2452334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various metabolic and cell signaling processes impact the functions of sugarcane plant cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical regulatory roles in enhancing yield and providing protection against various stressors. This study seeks to identify and partially characterize several novel miRNAs in sugarcane using <i>in silico</i> tools, while also offering a preliminary assessment of their functions. This was accomplished by predicting novel conserved miRNAs in sugarcane plants using a variety of genomics-based techniques like BLASTn, MFOLD, psRNA Target, sequence logo, Weblogo, primer-3, etc. and annotated using miRBase and NCBI. For validation, RT-PCR method was used along with agarose gel. After the preparation of fourteen randomly chosen primers, they were validated by RT-PCR. Accordingly, they contain fifty specific targeted proteins with substantial targets in the structural, transcriptional protein, etc. Furthermore, the sof-miR5025a directs the heat repeat protein while the voltage-dependent anion is governed by sof-miR8005a. Similarly, the sof-miR7768b and sof-miR6249b monitor the pathogenesis-related protein and zinc finger, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> type protein, which assist as transcription factors. Thus, the novel sugarcane miRNAs target a wide range of important genes help regulate the environment for sugarcane to generate a higher-quality crop.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"20 1","pages":"2452334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11776470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malika Uzma, Atif Nisar, Atia Iqbal, Shahida Hasnain, Mohamed H Mahmoud, Muhammad Abdul Rahim, Tehseen Gull, Roberto Castro-Muñoz, Eliasse Zongo
{"title":"Exploring the efficacy of drought tolerant, IAA-producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for sustainable agriculture.","authors":"Malika Uzma, Atif Nisar, Atia Iqbal, Shahida Hasnain, Mohamed H Mahmoud, Muhammad Abdul Rahim, Tehseen Gull, Roberto Castro-Muñoz, Eliasse Zongo","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2452331","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2452331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing human population and abiotic stresses pose significant threats to food security, with PGPR favorable as biofertilizers for plant growth and stress relief. In one study, soil samples from both cultivated and uncultivated plants in various cities were used to isolate rhizobacterial populations. Using 50 soil samples from both cultivated and uncultivated plants, isolated rhizobacterial populations were screened for various biochemical changes, PGP activities and morphological characteristics. A total of 199 rhizobacteria were isolated and screened for IAA production. The strain M28 produced maximum IAA 378.44 ± 2.5 µg ml<sup>-1</sup>, M9 formed only 34.72 ± 0.15 µg ml<sup>-1</sup>. About 19% of IAA producers were isolated from Multan, 18% Lahore, 15% from soils of Faisalabad and Sheikhupura, while 7% from Gujrat. The 21 isolates were drought tolerant to -0.14Mpa, 14 of those were PSB and 15 were N fixers. In PGP traits, maximum zinc solubility was expressed by M4 as 2 ± 0.5 cm of zone. The strain M22 produced amount of HCN, 40.12 ± 0.052 ppm. All isolates showed diverse behavior in biocompatibility, motility patterns and hydrophobicity. Selected drought tolerant strains were genetically identified by ribotyping. Multitrait PGPR could be effective biofertilizers rather than with single trait. The strain M28 having highest production of IAA, was gelatinase, methyl red positive and was also capable of nitrogen fixation. Moreover, it had maximum swimming (8.9 mm) and swarming (8.7 mm) activities after 24 h, indicating its best PGP traits for future use.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"20 1","pages":"2452331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ZmBAK1 confers maize resistance to <i>Gibberella</i> stalk rot caused by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> via activating PAMP-triggered immunity.","authors":"Fugui Xie, Yali Sun, Huilan Zhang, Junjie Cui, Qing Wang, Xiquan Gao","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2502739","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2502739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gibberella stalk rot (GSR) caused by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> is one of the most devastating diseases of maize, not only seriously affecting its yield and the application of mechanized harvest technology but also producing a variety of toxins, thus seriously impacting the food safety. BAK1 (Brassinosteroid-Insensitive 1-Associated Receptor Kinase 1, BAK1) is the well-studied co-receptor of PRRs (Pattern Recognition Receptors), which is involved in the regulation of growth and development regulation as well as the response to diverse biological stresses. However, little is known about the role of BAK1 in the interaction between maize and pathogens, especially in maize against GSR. In this study, we found that ZmBAK1 (<i>Zm00001d037297</i>) was located at the cytoplasmic membrane. Furthermore, <i>ZmBAK1</i> was induced by multiple PAMPs (Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns), while PTI (PAMP-Triggered Immunity) response including ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) burst and callose deposition, as well as cell death, and immune gene expression was weakened in <i>bak1</i> mutant upon PAMP treatment. On the contrary, the ROS production and cell death in <i>BAK1</i>-OE were significantly stronger than wild type. Furthermore, <i>bak1</i> mutant is more susceptible to GSR, while <i>BAK1</i>-OE is more resistant, compared to wild types. Taken together, our data suggested that ZmBAK1 plays a positive role in maize GSR resistance, likely via activating PTI signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"20 1","pages":"2502739"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Umer Farooq, Ayesha Rehman, Muhammad Arslan Ashraf, Rizwan Rasheed, Mudassar Shahid, Shafaqat Ali, Pallab K Sarker
{"title":"Taurine priming improves redox balance, osmotic adjustment, and nutrient acquisition to lessen phytotoxic effects of neutral and alkaline salts on pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.).","authors":"Umer Farooq, Ayesha Rehman, Muhammad Arslan Ashraf, Rizwan Rasheed, Mudassar Shahid, Shafaqat Ali, Pallab K Sarker","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2480224","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2480224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Taurine (TAR) intricately mediates a plethora of physiological processes. This investigation aimed to elucidate the impact of TAR (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) seed priming on redox homeostasis, glutathione metabolism, photosynthetic efficiency, osmotic adjustment and nutrient acquisition in pea plants subjected to 100 mm salinity of neutral (NaCl and Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) and alkaline (Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) salts. Salinity diminished growth, chlorophyll, and photosynthetic efficiency alongside a concurrent rise in reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and relative membrane permeability. Seed priming with 150 mg L<sup>-1</sup> TAR efficiently enhanced growth by reducing oxidative damage to plants under salinity. Taurine enhanced leaf relative water content through osmotic adjustment facilitated by the induced accumulation of proline, glycine betaine, soluble sugars, and total free amino acids. Taurine increased the levels of antioxidant compounds and the activities of enzymes, which assisted in the detoxification of ROS and methylglyoxal. Taurine maintained chlorophyll integrity and enhanced photosynthetic efficiency by alleviating oxidative stress. Taurine diminished Na content, which improved the acquisition of essential nutrients under the salinity of neutral and alkaline salts. The results suggest that TAR has a potential role in maintaining ion homeostasis, crucial for enhancing pea tolerance to salt stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"20 1","pages":"2480224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
André Geremia Parise, Vinicius Henrique De Oliveira, Mark Tibbett, Brian John Pickles
{"title":"The pitfalls of ectomycorrhizal microcosms: lessons learnt for future success.","authors":"André Geremia Parise, Vinicius Henrique De Oliveira, Mark Tibbett, Brian John Pickles","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2527378","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2527378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycorrhizal fungi are known to support their host plants by facilitating nutrient acquisition and enhancing resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. However, the possibility that they also convey structural information about the soil has not yet been tested. Here, we attempted to investigate whether ectomycorrhizal hyphae could guide root growth in response to physical obstacles by using Scots pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i>) and <i>Suillus granulatus</i> in a microcosm experiment fitted with U-shaped silicone mazes. Despite initial success in achieving ectomycorrhizal colonisation (88% of the inoculated seedlings), the fungi failed to produce the expected hyphal networks. Extensive and unexpected root growth rendered the system unsuitable for testing our hypothesis. Furthermore, structural issues with the microcosms compromised substrate integrity, possibly inhibiting fungal development. While our results were inconclusive, this report highlights challenges associated with replicating classical ectomycorrhizal experiments, underscoring the need for methodological refinement. We provide detailed recommendations and methodological clarifications that may aid future research. Although our initial hypothesis could not be tested, we argue that traditional microcosm experiments retain potential for advancing our understanding of mycorrhizal ecology, provided they are critically revisited and technically improved. Negative results, when well contextualised, are valuable contributions toward more robust and reproducible experimental frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"20 1","pages":"2527378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afeez Adesina Adedayo, Richard Musser, Mari Aanaenson, Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
{"title":"The biochemical and molecular mechanisms of plants: a review on insect herbivory.","authors":"Afeez Adesina Adedayo, Richard Musser, Mari Aanaenson, Olubukola Oluranti Babalola","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2024.2439248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2024.2439248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biochemical and molecular mechanisms have been essential mechanisms to reduce various insect attacks on plants. The biochemical methods are wide involving direct and indirect defenses. The defensive chemical substances are secreted effectively to the wound caused by the herbivores (insects and phytopathogens) on plants. Plants responded by producing VOCs which draw the natural enemies of the insects and phytopathogens. The progress observed in the cognition of the stimulus in plants and their potential to control the responses is characterized by the modification observed in molecular mechanisms which shifts our attention to the development of the endogenous resistance methods of preserving crops. The main objective of implementing a biotechnological mechanism in crop production is to employ durable and multimechanistic alternatives to insect pests via the stimulus the plant produces upon encountering the insect attack.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"20 1","pages":"2439248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}