Plant signaling & behavior最新文献

{"title":"Pre-exposure to UV-B irradiation induces antioxidant enzymes and mitigates <i>Fusarium acutatum</i> stress in shallot (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.).","authors":"Febri Doni, Fanisa Miftah Riani, Muhammad Adil Awal, Dedat Prismantoro, Mia Miranti, Widhi Dyah Sawitri, Valentina Dwi Suci Handayani, Muhammad Idris, Sari Nurulita, Arif Wibowo, Ani Widiastuti","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2716981","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2716981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shallot (<i>Allium cepa</i> var. <i>aggregatum</i>) productivity is often limited by fungal diseases, particularly twisted disease caused by <i>Fusarium acutatum</i>. This study evaluated the effects of UV-B pre-exposure (150 min) on enhancing plant resistance under greenhouse conditions using four treatments: control, UV-B, <i>F. acutatum</i>, and UV-B + <i>F. acutatum</i>. UV-B pre-treatment significantly reduced disease incidence, severity, and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) compared with infected plants without UV-B exposure. Although infection suppressed growth, UV-B pre-exposure alleviated these effects by maintaining higher plant height, root length, and biomass. UV-B also increased the photosynthetic pigment content, phenolic accumulation, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase and peroxidase. LC-MS/MS metabolomic analysis revealed an increased abundance of metabolites associated with stress signaling, antioxidant responses, and defense-related metabolic pathways. The combined UV-B and pathogen treatment showed coordinated metabolic adjustments, indicating that UV-B priming enhances shallot tolerance to <i>F. acutatum</i> while sustaining growth, offering a sustainable disease management strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2716981"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13479827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing for enhancing grain quality traits in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.).","authors":"Mahalakshmi Mani, S Poonguzhali, K Baghyalakshmi","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2713868","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2713868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice is one of the most important food crops and feeds more than half of the world's population. Enhancing grain quality is currently a highly important issue since consumers are now more concerned with the taste, appearance, and nutritional value of the grain. The quality of grain in rice is complex and regulated by a multitude of genes that influence qualities such as amylase content, grain size and shape, chalkiness, aroma and nutrient content. The traditional forms of breeding, such as hybridization and marker-assisted selection, are slow and less effective since such characteristics are regulated by many genes and are influenced by environmental conditions. CRISPR/Cas genome editing has become a potent tool that enables scientists to directly and specifically edit grain quality-related genes. Important genes such as <i>Wx</i> (amylose), <i>GS3, GW8</i>, and <i>TGW3</i> (grain size), <i>Chalk5</i> (chalkiness), <i>BADH2</i> (aroma), and nutrient-related grain size genes such as <i>OsAAP6, OsAAP10</i>, and <i>OsVIT1/2</i>, have been successfully edited to enhance the quality of rice. Newer methods, such as base editing and prime editing, enable this process to become even more precise by modifying the specific bases of DNA without cutting the DNA. CRISPR has assisted in the improvement of rice by controlling the amylose content, reducing chalkiness, enhancing aroma, and improving nutritional quality. It is more accurate and quicker than traditional breeding, and it can enhance various traits simultaneously. Nonetheless, other challenges, such as off-target effects, regulatory concerns, and acceptance by the people, still have to be overcome. Combining CRISPR with artificial intelligence and genomic selection in the future will aid in creating superior versions of rice in shorter periods of time. Overall, CRISPR/Cas genome editing is a potential method to enhance the quality of rice and secure food security in the whole world.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2713868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13475322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148763003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trehalose: a potent enhancer of antioxidant responses in <i>Brassica juncea</i> L. under arsenic toxicity.","authors":"Ambika Choudhary, Monika Choudhary, Neetika Kimta, Nidhi Bhardwaj, Sunil Puri, Mehidi Kassim Ahmed, Tabarak Malik","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2706952","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2706952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arsenic contamination poses a major threat to crop productivity by impairing the photosynthetic machinery and inducing oxidative stress. This study explored the protective role of exogenous trehalose (25, 50, and 75 mM) in mitigating arsenic-induced physiological and biochemical disturbances in <i>Brassica juncea</i> at 30, 60, and 90 d after sowing. As stress significantly reduced photosynthetic pigments, including chlorophyll a (up to 72.91%), chlorophyll b (77.71%), total chlorophyll (56.49%), carotenoids (33%-43%), xanthophylls (42%-43%), and anthocyanins (38.82%). Concurrently, oxidative stress markers increased markedly, with malondialdehyde rising by 22%-46% and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) by 12%-59%, indicating severe ROS-induced cellular damage. Foliar application of trehalose effectively alleviated these negative effects in a dose-dependent manner. Trehalose (75 mM) showed the highest efficacy, enhancing chlorophyll a by 49%-88%, chlorophyll b by 56%-78%, total chlorophyll by 52%-66%, carotenoids by 42%-48%, and xanthophylls by 44%-58% compared to As-stressed plants. It also substantially improved the anthocyanin content and decreased MDA levels by 25%-29%, reflecting reduced lipid peroxidation and improved antioxidant defense. While H₂O₂ levels displayed some variability, trehalose consistently moderated its accumulation under As stress. Overall, trehalose significantly restored the pigment profiles, reduced oxidative damage, and enhanced stress tolerance, with 75 mM emerging as the most effective concentration. These results highlight trehalose as a promising and eco-friendly strategy to improve plant resilience and productivity under arsenic-contaminated conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2706952"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148564187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COP1 regulates the abundance and stability of the Arabidopsis retromer protein AtVPS29 via the proteasome pathway.","authors":"Wang Ki Min, Seung Ju Lee, Jong Tae Song, Hak Soo Seo","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2658218","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2658218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vacuolar protein sorting 29 (VPS29) is a pivotal component of the retromer complex, which plays a central role in endosomal trafficking. Numerous studies have investigated its functions in various eukaryotic systems; however, research in plants is still at an early stage. Moreover, the mechanisms controlling its abundance and stability remain largely unknown. In this study, we elucidated the role of constitutive photomorphogenic 1 (COP1) in regulating the abundance of Arabidopsis VPS29 (AtVPS29), a component of the trimeric retromer complex. Degradation of AtVPS29 is delayed by treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132, resulting in the accumulation of ubiquitinated AtVPS29 in MG132-treated plants. The AtVPS29 level is higher in <i>cop1-6</i> mutant seedlings than in wild-type seedlings under both continuous light and dark conditions. In addition, AtVPS29 abundance is reduced in COP1-overexpressing plants compared with wild-type plants. Furthermore, COP1 directly interacts with AtVPS29, and AtVPS29 is ubiquitinated by the E3 ligase activity of COP1. Moreover, genes encoding the trimeric retromer complex components AtVPS35a and AtVPS26a are upregulated in <i>cop1-6</i> mutants. Together, our data indicate that COP1 negatively regulates the abundance and stability of AtVPS29 through its E3 ligase activity and suggest that COP1 is involved in regulating the function of the trimeric retromer complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2658218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13078200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147655578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jasmonate, salicylate, and ethylene-responsive transcriptomics discovery in spikelets of three wheat genotypes reveals a rapid and conserved response for jasmonate signaling.","authors":"Nora A Foroud, Ravinder K Goyal, Ziying Liu, Yifeng Li, Dianevys González-Peña Fundora, Anas Eranthodi, Daria Ryabova, André Laroche, Michele C Loewen, Youlian Pan","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2679322","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2679322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The accumulation of plant hormones in different tissues leads to transcriptional reprogramming that guides the downstream phenotypic response. Current models are largely derived from <i>Arabidopsis</i>, and increasing evidence indicates that monocots only partially conform to these canonical pathways, with additional variability even within the clade. In cereals, salicylate (SA), jasmonate (JA), and ethylene (ET) signaling play important roles in both inflorescence development and pathogen defense. This communication focuses on the transcriptional responses of wheat inflorescence tissue in three genotypes 8 h following exogenous applications of salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and the ethylene-releasing compound, ethephon (ETp). Nearly 8000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in response to MeJA, approximately half of which were conserved across all three genotypes. In contrast, SA and ETp elicited limited responses, each inducing fewer than 100 DEGs with little to no overlap among genotypes. The comparatively feeble response to SA and ETp suggests a delayed response compared to MeJA. Other studies have assessed differential transcriptomes at 24 h or later. Notably, other studies in cereals, including wheat, have also reported less pronounced transcriptional changes to salicylate and ethylene signaling. These findings demonstrate both conservation and genotype-specific variation in the transcriptional response to plant hormones.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2679322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13313262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148335329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic mapping of Rosa damascena nanovesicles reveals plastid mitochondrial metabolic convergence and antimicrobial peptides.","authors":"Subhashini Brahadeeswaran, Ramasamy Tamizhselvi","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2641285","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2641285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Rosa damascena</i> exhibits diverse biological activities, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and skin-protective effects, largely attributed through its rich phytochemical composition. In parallel, plant-derived nanovesicles (PD-NVs) have emerged as natural nanocarriers that transport bioactive cargos capable of modulating recipient cell functions across kingdoms. In this study, <i>Rosa damascena</i> derived nanovesicles (RD-NVs) were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized by Transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, zeta potential measurement, and SDS-PAGE to confirm their vesicular nature, size distribution, and protein cargo profile. LC‒MS/MS-based proteomics, followed by annotation against NCBI and UniProt, and comparative BLASTP mapping to plant and human proteins, revealed 75 proteins shared with plant, <i>Arabidopsis</i> and human orthologs, which were further analyzed using interaction networks and hub detection together with GO and KEGG enrichment. RD-NVs (size, 40-100 nm; surface charge, -25 to -40 mV) carry proteins involved mainly in plastid transcription, ribosomal function, and photosynthetic electron transport in plants, whereas human mapped orthologs were enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial function, arginine-proline, taurine, and hypotaurine metabolism, suggesting that RD-NV hub proteins may interfere with metabolic pathways associated with obesity, insulin resistance, fatty liver, type 2 diabetes, and related inflammatory and neuroinflammatory disorders. Moreover, the peptides of the RD-NVs revealed similarities with multiple reported antimicrobial peptides therefore, might actively participate in plant and human defense system. Overall, this study reveals that the RD-NV proteome contains conserved pathways that may support metabolic and immune-related functions in cross-kingdom contexts. To validate cross-kingdom interaction <i>in vitro</i>, the RD-NVs were treated with the RAW264.7 macrophage which showed significant biocompatibility with a particle range of up to 8.94 × 10⁸ and cellular internalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2641285"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12977271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression pattern of the 10 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKK) encoded on <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> genome.","authors":"Salvador Barrera-Ortiz, José Manuel González-Coronel, Yessica Casales-Tlatilpa, Jesús Salvador López-Bucio, Julián David Camargo-Pacanchique, Ángel Arturo Guevara-García","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2697589","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2697589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phosphorylation, carried out by kinases, is a pivotal mechanism for all cell signal transduction pathways. In eukaryotic cells, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) form modules with three kinases (MAPKKK, MAPKK, and MAPK) that are sequentially activated, participating in multiple signaling mechanisms. The second kinase forming a typical module is called MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK or MKK), which receives the signal from MAPKKK and transmits it to MAPK. The <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> genome has 10 MKKs and they are classified into four different groups (A, B, C, and D). To date, several aspects of the MKK functioning are known, but there is little information about <i>MKK</i> expression in plant tissues. Here, each <i>MKK</i> upstream region was fused to the <i>UidA</i> reporter, and these <i>pMKK1-10:UidA</i> constructions were used to reveal the <i>MKK</i> expression patterns in the tissues of the seedlings during their early development. This experimental expression analysis was complemented with a detailed bioinformatic analysis focused on identifying the <i>cis</i>-regulatory elements present in these upstream promoter regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2697589"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13348940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148400250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative live-cell imaging of auxin and cytokinin signalling in developing feeding sites of <i>Heterodera schachtii</i>.","authors":"Matthijs Oosterbeek, Pepijn Bais, Hein Overmars, Jan Willem Borst, Jaap Bakker, Aska Goverse","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2629039","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2629039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyst nematodes are sedentary endoparasites that establish unique feeding structures (syncytia) inside their host roots. Crosstalk between auxin and cytokinin signaling is thought to play a crucial role in syncytia formation. However, the relative differences in space and time between auxin and cytokinin signaling during infection are largely unknown. Here, we used an auxin‒cytokinin double-reporter line to study the spatio-temporal dynamics of auxin and cytokinin signaling during the initiation and expansion of syncytia in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> roots induced by the beet cyst nematode <i>Heterodera schachtii</i>. Continuous live-cell imaging of single juveniles showed that upon infection, cytokinin signaling increases rapidly, precedes auxin signaling, and occurs in nearly all cell types, also outside the syncytial area. Auxin signaling is restricted to the syncytial area, starts after a lag phase, and is induced after the first contours of the syncytial area have become visible. Within the syncytial area, the signaling domains overlap, and the elevated auxin response in nuclei is associated with a high cytokinin response. Quantitative analyses showed that cytokinin signaling is relatively high in cyst nematode infection sites when compared to signaling maxima in root tips, while auxin signaling is relatively weak when compared to signaling maxima in root tips.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2629039"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12931903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147273652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic analysis may explain differences in <i>Citrus</i> × <i>limon</i> and <i>Citrus</i> × <i>sinensis</i> susceptibility to <i>Trioza erytreae</i>.","authors":"T Magalhães, L Anjos, S A Dandlen, D M Power, J A Pereira, A Duarte, Natália Marques","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2632509","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2632509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The psyllid <i>Trioza erytreae</i> is a vector for Huanglongbing, one of the most destructive citrus diseases worldwide. <i>Citrus</i> × <i>limon</i> is the preferred host, although the mechanisms underlying this preference remain poorly understood. This study compared the responses of <i>C.</i> × <i>limon</i> 'Eureka' and <i>C.</i> × <i>sinensis</i> 'Valencia' plants to <i>T. erytreae</i> infestation, specifically to nymph feeding. The number of successfully developed nymphs observed in <i>C.</i> × <i>limon</i> was three times that of 'Valencia' plants. The enriched vascular sap proteome of young leaves from infested and control plants was compared using nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. This study identified 48 and 1265 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in infested <i>C.</i> × <i>limon</i> and <i>C.</i> × <i>sinensis</i>, respectively. There was a marked host-specific response, with little overlap in proteomic features. Common citrus host responses to infestation were the downregulation of 'Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism' and the upregulation of galactose, vitamin B6, and selenocompound metabolisms. The downregulation of photosynthesis-related proteins and the activation of defence-related pathways in <i>C.</i> × <i>sinensis</i> suggest a robust response, which may explain the low success rate of nymph development on this host. The lower number of DAPs in <i>C.</i> × <i>limon</i> infested with <i>T. erytreae</i>, in comparison to the respective control, may be indicative of a reduced stress response. Further investigation into the identified candidate proteins and pathways is expected to contribute to the elucidation of the interaction between <i>T. erytreae</i> and <i>C.</i> × <i>limon</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2632509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12928643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146222684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>AtGATA5</i> contributes to ABA-mediated seed germination by promoting <i>NCED3</i> and <i>ABI4</i> expression in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.","authors":"Byeonggyu Kim, Kihwan Kim, Won-Chan Kim","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2687956","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2687956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key phytohormone that regulates seed germination, stomatal closure, and responses to abiotic stresses. The biosynthesis and signaling of ABA are controlled by a complex gene network, with <i>NCED3</i> serving as the rate-limiting enzyme in ABA biosynthesis and <i>ABI4</i> acting as a central transcription factor in ABA signaling. However, upstream regulators that coordinately control both processes during seed germination remain incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the role of <i>AtGATA5</i>, a GATA transcription factor in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, in ABA-mediated seed germination. To assess the germination phenotype under ABA treatment and the expression of ABA-related genes, we performed a transient activity assay (TAA) using <i>Arabidopsis</i> protoplasts and gene expression analysis in transgenic plants. <i>AtGATA5</i>-overexpression (<i>AtGATA5</i>-OX) plants exhibited significantly reduced germination rates under exogenous ABA compared with wild type (WT), and <i>gata5</i> mutant, generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, showed a similar ABA-hypersensitive phenotype. The expression levels of <i>NCED3</i> and <i>ABI4</i> were markedly elevated in <i>AtGATA5</i>-OX plants, and TAA confirmed that AtGATA5 upregulates the promoter activities of both <i>NCED3</i> and <i>ABI4</i>. These findings suggest that <i>AtGATA5</i> plays a functional role in ABA-mediated seed germination by modulating <i>NCED3</i> and <i>ABI4</i> expression, and that AtGATA5 may represent a novel regulator of ABA homeostasis in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2687956"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148229207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}