Plant signaling & behavior最新文献

{"title":"<i>DHQS</i> regulates pollen-pistil interaction via the shikimic acid pathway in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.","authors":"Xiu Wang, Xiongbo Peng","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2670874","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2670874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The normal production of pollen and proper pollen-pistil interaction are critical for double fertilization in <i>Arabidopsis</i>. Previous studies have demonstrated that DHQS affects female gametophyte development and pollen tube funicular guidance during fertilization. However, whether DHQS influences pollen development and pollen-pistil interaction remains unknown. In this study, we analyzed pollen and sperm cell morphology in <i>dhqs-1</i>/+ mutant. Results showed that DHQS does not affect sperm cell formation but significantly reduces pollen grain size. Pollen germination assays revealed no impairment in <i>dhqs-1</i> pollen germination. However, semi-in vitro experiments demonstrated that <i>dhqs-1</i> pollen tubes exhibited delayed growth through stigmas compared to wild-type. Notably, supplementation of shikimic acid in the medium significantly alleviated the growth inhibition of <i>dhqs-1</i> pollen tubes in wild-type stylar tissue, underscoring the essential role of shikimic acid in mediating pollen-pistil interaction. These findings suggest that DHQS regulates pollen-pistil interaction through the shikimic acid pathway, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying fertilization in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2670874"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13224761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148059328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Trichoderma</i> as a biological control agent against <i>Colletotrichum</i>-associated plant diseases: current insights and future perspectives.","authors":"Rendra Adhitya, Mia Miranti, Thomas Argyarich Jefferson, Malvin Albert, Ravindra Chandra Joshi, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan, Dedat Prismantoro, Nur Syafikah Abdullah, Mehrdad Alizadeh, Wawan Hermawan, Febri Doni","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2691464","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2691464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Colletotrichum</i> species are a taxonomically complex group of hemibiotrophic fungi that cause anthracnose diseases, posing a major constraint to global crop productivity. Their broad host range, high genetic diversity, and ability to shift between biotrophic and necrotrophic phases complicate effective disease management. Although synthetic fungicides are widely used, their prolonged application has raised concerns regarding pathogen resistance, environmental contamination, and food safety, driving the search for sustainable approaches. Unlike previous reviews that mainly discuss <i>Colletotrichum</i> biology or <i>Trichoderma</i> biocontrol mechanisms separately, this review integrates pathogen taxonomy and infection biology with mechanistic, applied, and future-oriented perspectives on <i>Trichoderma</i>-based anthracnose management. Evidence from laboratory, greenhouse, field, and postharvest studies indicates that <i>Trichoderma</i> has promising potential for suppressing <i>Colletotrichum</i>, particularly under controlled conditions, although its efficacy remains influenced by environmental factors, strain specificity, formulation stability, and application method. Integrating <i>Trichoderma</i>-based products into disease management systems offers a promising strategy to reduce chemical inputs and enhance crop resilience. Future research should focus on multi-omics approaches, strain optimization, formulation development, and field validation to ensure consistent performance across diverse agroecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2691464"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13285564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148280580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"24-Epibrassinolide enhances aluminum tolerance in tobacco through Ca²⁺-dependent signaling, antioxidant regulation, and metal homeostasis.","authors":"Ghulam Murtaza, Muhammad Usman, Sajid Ullah, Wael Elmenofy, Mohamed Mohamed El-Mogy, Ahmad Mahmoud Ismail, Lamy Mamdoh Mohamed Hamed, Rashid Iqbal","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2639157","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2639157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aluminum (Al³⁺) toxicity is a major limitation to plant productivity in acidic soils, disrupting cellular homeostasis, redox balance, and nutrient uptake. Brassinosteroids are key regulators of plant stress signaling, yet their role in Al³⁺ tolerance remains insufficiently understood. Here, we investigated the signaling functions of 24-epibrassinolide (24-EBL) in mediating aluminum stress responses in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> grown under soilless culture conditions. Exogenous 24-EBL significantly alleviated Al³⁺-induced photosynthetic inhibition, as reflected by increased transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), electron transport rate (ETR), and effective quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII). Enhanced non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) indicated improved dissipation of excess excitation energy, suggesting photoprotective regulation. At the molecular level, 24-EBL treatment upregulated the antioxidant defense genes CAT1, NtPOD1, and NtSOD3, leading to increased enzymatic activities and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, thereby preserving membrane stability. Notably, 24-EBL modulated metal detoxification pathways by inducing the expression of the phytochelatin-related genes Pr8 and Pr2, along with Al-ATPase transporters associated with vacuolar sequestration. This was accompanied by altered ion homeostasis, where enhanced Ca²⁺ and K⁺ uptake antagonized Al³⁺ accumulation and restricted its translocation to shoots. The marked upregulation of calmodulin (CaM) suggests that Ca²⁺-dependent signaling plays a central role in 24-EBL-mediated aluminum tolerance. Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between CaM expression, photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant capacity, and metal detoxification markers. Together, these findings indicate that 24-EBL enhances aluminum tolerance in tobacco through a coordinated signaling network involving Ca²⁺-mediated signal transduction, redox regulation, and metal homeostasis. This study highlights brassinosteroid-calcium crosstalk as a key regulatory module in plant adaptation to aluminum stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2639157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12959227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147345945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA858a antagonistically regulates plant response to concurrent biotic and abiotic stresses.","authors":"Zheng Zhou, Peiwu Li, Daguang Cai","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2670872","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2670872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants face various environmental stresses and have developed sophisticated adaptive mechanisms to cope with constraints. miR858a targets transcription factor (TF) MYB111 and has proven to be a key regulator in modulating plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, its transcriptional regulation and the underlying mechanisms remain unresolved. To this end, we performed the yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assay using the miR858a promoter against an Arabidopsis transcription factor library. In this way, we identified 32 TFs that specifically interact with the miR858a promoter. By analysing expression profiles of candidate TFs under different stress conditions, mimicked by flg22, UV-B, and co-treatment of flg22/UV-B treatments, we prioritized candidate TFs, including five flg22-responsive TFs (ERF73, bZIP63, NF-YC6, AL7, and AIN1) and one UV-B-responsive TF, MYBD. Our data show that miR858a is antagonistically regulated by distinct stress-responsive TFs and by their interplay, thus highlighting, for the first time, a crucial role of miRNAs and their expression regulation in plant responses to diverse stress factors. These findings provide deeper insights into the mechanisms by which plants adapt to changing environments and offer valuable traits and approaches for breeding crops resistant to various concurrent stress factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2670872"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13170379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147877085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root-derived allelochemicals from <i>Moringa oleifera</i> regulate germination and early seedling growth in New Zealand pasture, native, and weed species.","authors":"Blair Moses Kamanga, Paul Barrett, Donita L Cartmill, Craig McGill, Andrea Clavijo McCormick","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2644120","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2644120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Moringa oleifera</i> L. (moringa) is not currently commercially cultivated in New Zealand, but there is growing interest in its integration into farming systems. However, there are questions regarding its ecological impacts. One area of interest is its allelopathic traits, which may affect native and other introduced plant species. Hence, this study evauated the effects of root-derived moringa allelochemicals on the germination and seedling growth of pasture, weed an native species and employed untargeted metabolomics to identify potential bioactive compounds responsible for the observed effects, and their biosynthetic pathways. . Root extracts from two moringa provenances were assessed across concentration gradients (1-100%) in laboratory bioassays, while potted plant experiments were conducted under semi-controlled conditions to evaluate <b>allelochemical-mediated plant-plant interactions</b>.. Metabolomics analysis revealed several bioactive compounds with potential allelopathic activities dominated by phenylpropanoids and benzenoids, with relatively small contributions from organoheterocyclics, oxygenated compounds, and organic acids. Statistical analyses demonstrated a dose-dependent and species-specific response to moringa root allelochemicals, with white clover, a key pasture species in New Zealand, being the most adversely affected. Therefore, the utilisation of moringa within white clover pastoral systems may not be advised. Isolating and testing individual compounds will be essential for determining how moringa may influence plant growth and population dynamics in New Zealand pastoral and native ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2644120"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147476830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of callose accumulation in the suppression of calcium-deficiency-induced necrosis in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> cotyledons.","authors":"Yusuke Shikanai, Takehiro Kamiya, Akihiro Saito, Kyoko Higuchi, Toru Fujiwara","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2607237","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2025.2607237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calcium (Ca) deficiency symptoms, such as blossom end rot in tomato and tip burn in lettuce, are among the most serious physiological disorders in agriculture. A common feature of this disorder is the expansion of necrosis. However, mechanisms underlying Ca-deficiency-induced necrosis remain poorly understood. We previously identified callose synthase genes (<i>GSL1</i>, <i>GSL8</i>, <i>GSL10</i>) as the causal genes of low-Ca-sensitive <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> mutants, which exhibit severe cell death in true leaves and reduced callose accumulation in cotyledons under low-Ca conditions. This raises the question of whether callose accumulation suppresses the spread of cell death. To clarify their relationship within the same organ, we examined callose deposition and cell death in the cotyledons of the <i>gsl10</i> mutant. Although the <i>gsl10</i> mutant showed a comparable level of total cell death to wild-type plants, the necrotic spots were larger. Furthermore, the largest necrotic spots were typically found at the cotyledon tip, but this tendency was weaker in <i>gsl10</i> mutant. Collectively, our results suggest that callose does not suppress the initiation of cell death but rather limits its propagation, thereby leading to the formation of a characteristic necrotic pattern preferentially occurring at the cotyledon tip.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2607237"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12785192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145914304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-anatomical changes and physio-biochemical responses of Carex siderosticta under water stress.","authors":"Jialing Wang, Siyi Zhang, Shumin Ni, Jianpeng Zhang, Yi Qin, Jinghong Wang, Qingjie Yang","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2658186","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2658186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Carex siderosticta</i> Hance is an advantageous understory and lawn greening resource due to its strong environmental adaptability and ornamental value, but extreme climates render soil moisture a key growth-limiting factor. Thus, this study explored the response strategies of <i>C. siderosticta</i> to drought and flooding <i>via</i> pot water control and double-pot flooding simulations. Results showed that all the water stresses significantly inhibited the growth of <i>C. siderosticta</i> with increasing stress intensity; leaf and root biomass, water content and root activity decreased gradually, and root architecture parameters such as root length and root surface area decreased concomitantly. At the photosynthetic level, the photosynthetic pigment contents decreased, net photosynthetic rate (<i>A</i>_<i>n</i>), stomatal conductance (<i>g</i>_<i>s</i>), and transpiration rate (<i>T</i>_<i>r</i>) declined in a stress-dependent manner, while intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (<i>C</i>_<i>i</i>) increased correspondingly. In terms of physiological metabolism, osmoregulatory substances, including soluble sugar (SS), soluble protein (SP) and proline (Pro) accumulated continuously, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content increases, which in turn activates the antioxidant system, leading to elevated activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) as well as increased contents of ascorbic acid (ASA) and glutathione (GSH). Anatomically, differential adaptive strategies were developed: under drought stress, the thickness of the leaf blade and epidermal cells decreased, and leaf bulliform cells shrank to reduce water loss; the root xylem vessel diameter was optimized to improve water transport, and the cortex thickness increased to enhance water conduction and absorption capacity. Under flooding stress, aerenchyma developed to alleviate hypoxia stress. This synergistic response involving morphology, physiology and anatomy is the key mechanism enabling <i>C. siderosticta</i> to tolerate both water deficit and water excess simultaneously. Relying on the synergistic strategy of morphological plasticity adaptation, physiological metabolism regulation and anatomical structure specialization to cope with water stress, this species not only exhibits excellent drought and waterlogging tolerance but also serves as a high-quality groundcover resource for water-saving greening in arid and semi-arid regions. It is also suitable for landscape construction and ecological restoration in areas with highly variable precipitation and frequent drought‒flood alternations, thus providing crucial support for water-saving and stress‒resilient greening efforts under the context of climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2658186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13108358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147793391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salicylic acid mitigates arsenic-induced toxicity in wheat by enhancing growth and anatomical traits.","authors":"Usva Ali, Asma Zulfiqar, Ammara Saleem, Muhammad Zafar Saleem, Usman Zulfiqar, Zainul Abideen, Muhammad Awais Arshad, Hossam S El-Beltagi, Mashael Daghash Alqahtani, Mayank Anand Gururani","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2626633","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2626633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salicylic acid (SA) is a key signaling molecule that regulates various physiological and biochemical processes in plants. This study evaluated the role of foliar-applied SA in alleviating arsenic (As) toxicity and improving the growth and anatomical traits of three wheat cultivars (Anaaj-17, Dilkash-20, and Subhani-21) under As stress. Exposure to As (300 and 500 µM) significantly reduced plant height, leaf length, fresh and dry biomass, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll <i>a</i> and <i>b</i>), relative water content, and disrupted leaf and root anatomical structures, including the lower and upper epidermis, cortex, xylem, and phloem thickness. Foliar application of SA (0.5 and 1 mM) mitigated these adverse effects, enhancing growth, chlorophyll content, and vascular and epidermal development in all cultivars. These findings highlight the protective role of SA against As-induced stress, suggesting that its application can improve crop resilience, physiological performance, and anatomical integrity in contaminated soils. The incorporation of SA into crop management practices could contribute to enhanced productivity and sustainable agricultural returns in arsenic-affected areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2626633"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12928664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146151690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic acids counteract the determinate root development induced by phosphate deprivation in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.","authors":"Iván Corona-Sánchez, José López-Bucio, José Manuel Villalobos-Escobedo, Saúl Vázquez-Fuentes, Jesús Campos-García, Homero Reyes de la Cruz, Jesús Salvador López-Bucio","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2662710","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2662710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phosphate (Pi) deficiency impairs plant development and decreases productivity owing to its critical functions in terms of cell structure, metabolism, and photosynthesis. Here, we assessed the determinate growth program of <i>Arabidopsis</i> primary roots exposed to Pi scarcity to clarify the role of citrate and malate in the expression of the mitotic cyclin <i>CycB1</i> and changes in the meristem, transition zone, and elongation zone. The transfer of seedlings from high-Pi medium to low-Pi medium, but not to high-Pi medium, inhibits root growth, cell division, and elongation, aspects that are restored upon the application of each organic acid. On the other hand, the exhaustion of the meristem under low Pi related to the loss of auxin and the cytokinin response in columella cells is reversed by organic acids, according to the expression of the <i>DR5:GUS</i> and <i>ARR5:GUS</i> gene constructs, respectively. Histological detection of iron levels at the tip of the primary root and the formation of abundant root hairs, which indicate the repression of mitosis and the advancement of differentiation, decreases with malate and citrate and with the application of ferrozine, an iron chelator, suggesting a relevant role of chelators at the rhizosphere to reduce the adaptive pressure of phosphate scarcity on root growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2662710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13120715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147793449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-exposure to UV-B irradiation induces antioxidant enzymes and mitigates <i>Fusarium acutatum</i> stress in shallot (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.).","authors":"Febri Doni, Fanisa Miftah Riani, Muhammad Adil Awal, Dedat Prismantoro, Mia Miranti, Widhi Dyah Sawitri, Valentina Dwi Suci Handayani, Muhammad Idris, Sari Nurulita, Arif Wibowo, Ani Widiastuti","doi":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2716981","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592324.2026.2716981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shallot (<i>Allium cepa</i> var. <i>aggregatum</i>) productivity is often limited by fungal diseases, particularly twisted disease caused by <i>Fusarium acutatum</i>. This study evaluated the effects of UV-B pre-exposure (150 min) on enhancing plant resistance under greenhouse conditions using four treatments: control, UV-B, <i>F. acutatum</i>, and UV-B + <i>F. acutatum</i>. UV-B pre-treatment significantly reduced disease incidence, severity, and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) compared with infected plants without UV-B exposure. Although infection suppressed growth, UV-B pre-exposure alleviated these effects by maintaining higher plant height, root length, and biomass. UV-B also increased the photosynthetic pigment content, phenolic accumulation, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase and peroxidase. LC-MS/MS metabolomic analysis revealed an increased abundance of metabolites associated with stress signaling, antioxidant responses, and defense-related metabolic pathways. The combined UV-B and pathogen treatment showed coordinated metabolic adjustments, indicating that UV-B priming enhances shallot tolerance to <i>F. acutatum</i> while sustaining growth, offering a sustainable disease management strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94172,"journal":{"name":"Plant signaling & behavior","volume":"21 1","pages":"2716981"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13479827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}