Nature food最新文献

{"title":"A systematic review of the climatic impacts, diverse adaptation pathways and multiple adaptation barriers for inland aquaculture","authors":"Jie Su, Michelle Tigchelaar, Ben Belton, Quanli Wang, Cristiano M. Rossignoli, Edward H. Allison, Max Troell, Alexandros Gasparatos","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01410-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-026-01410-4","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is increasingly constraining inland aquaculture, a critical contributor to global food and nutrition security. Here we systematically review literature in English and Chinese to synthesize climate-related impacts from 84 peer-reviewed sources to identify adaptation options and map pathways across the aquaculture value chain. We document diverse, interacting stressors affecting production systems and livelihoods, alongside 53 potential adaptation options spanning management, technology and governance. However, uptake is limited by persistent barriers, including restrictive government policy environments, insufficient financial resources and limited access to actionable information. The heterogeneity of impacts and contexts suggests that uniform solutions are unlikely to be effective. Instead, targeted strategies that mainstream aquaculture within adaptation planning, enhance policy coherence, strengthen information-sharing platforms and increase investment are required. Enabling institutional and financial conditions are pivotal to unlocking effective, context-specific adaptation in inland aquaculture. Inland aquaculture faces varied climate impacts. This systematic review identifies 53 adaptation options and 17 barriers, highlighting the need for tailored strategies, policy coherence, better information sharing and increased financial investment.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":"7 9","pages":"917-929"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loss of salt iodization harmed child survival and academic achievement in Ethiopia","authors":"Robel Alemu, Kibrom Tafere, Dawd Gashu, Edward J. M. Joy, Elizabeth H. Bailey, R. Murray Lark, Martin R. Broadley, William A. Masters","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01408-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-026-01408-y","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of salt iodization is associated with improved health and socioeconomic outcomes, but is not yet universally adopted and is not always sustained. Using a quasi-experimental event study with difference-in-differences over space and time, we quantify the impacts of iodine deficiency in utero and during infancy on childhood mortality and later academic achievement in Ethiopia, comparing cohorts born just before and after the May 1998 border closure that interrupted access to iodized salt. Rural children with fewer months of early-life exposure to iodized salt scored lower on standardized secondary-school exams, especially in districts with low environmental iodine, with excess deaths emerging in infancy and persisting through early childhood. These findings reveal the long-term benefits of salt iodization for health and education, especially for people with low intake of iodine from environmental sources. This study examines the effects of early-life iodine deficiency on health and educational outcomes following the war-induced disruption of Ethiopia’s salt iodization programme in the late 1990s. Using a quasi-experimental design, it finds that early-life iodine deficiency is associated with higher early-childhood mortality and lower performance on standardized secondary-school exams among rural children.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":"7 9","pages":"889-901"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148890003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interrupted salt iodization harmed child health and education in Ethiopia","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01415-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-026-01415-z","url":null,"abstract":"Ethiopia’s iodized salt supply was cut off in May 1998, limiting intake to the iodine levels in local foods. We found a significant drop in child survival and academic achievement, especially in rural districts with lower environmental iodine concentrations. Placebo tests confirm that losses were caused by a lack of iodine.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":"7 9","pages":"836-837"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148890034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equitable fortification programmes require matching needs and consumption","authors":"Katherine P. Adams","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01421-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-026-01421-1","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale food fortification can be an effective strategy to address hidden hunger, but only if vulnerable populations actually eat the fortified foods. A systemic framework using publicly available data from ten West African countries reveals that a wider mix of fortified foods than are currently considered for fortification is needed for building more equitable programmes.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":"7 9","pages":"834-835"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engagement in food system-related controversies can strengthen science–policy–society interfaces","authors":"Louise E. Jackson, Philippe Jarne, Paul Shrivastava, Thaura Ghneim-Herrera, Sonja Vermeulen, Carlos Alvarez Pereira, Camilla Toulmin, Paulo H. N. Saldiva, Ibrahima Thioub, Carlos Maria Correa, Claire Immediato Daien, Patrick Caron","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01416-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-026-01416-y","url":null,"abstract":"Disputes and polarization at the intersection of agriculture, food, health and the environment are impeding food system transformation towards sustainability. Engagement of scientists in complex controversies along with other actors—especially in transdisciplinary approaches that recognize values and interests, build on disagreements and enable ideas to evolve—can foster collective knowledge and intelligence, reduce polarization and generate multi-sectoral innovation. Here a framework is presented for increasing the contribution of scientists to actionable knowledge and improving science–policy–society interfaces for the public good. Succeeding in these roles, although challenging, could motivate the next generation of food system scientists towards greater public involvement and collective action. Strong disagreements among stakeholders are common at the intersection of agriculture, food, health and the environment. By engaging constructively in these controversies through transdisciplinary approaches, scientists can better support sustainable food system transformation.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":"7 9","pages":"838-844"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-026-01416-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversified food fortification portfolios can enhance coverage of micronutrient-vulnerable populations in West Africa","authors":"Kevin Tang, Uchenna Agu, Soukeyna Mbodj, Melas Adoko, Emily Becher, Gabriel Battcock, Daniel Hernandez, Mohammed Osman, Vanessa Elias, Suresh Lakshminarayanan, Saskia De Pee, Mahamadou Tanimoune, Frances Knight","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01412-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-026-01412-2","url":null,"abstract":"Food fortification is central to addressing micronutrient deficiencies in West Africa and elsewhere. Yet evidence remains limited on whether current staple food fortification vehicles equitably reach vulnerable populations and whether candidate vehicles warrant inclusion. We analysed household consumption and expenditure surveys from ten countries in West Africa to estimate vulnerability to inadequate intake of five micronutrients, assessing wheat flour and edible oil as current standard vehicles and rice, maize, millet and sorghum as candidates. Vulnerability to inadequate intake was high across all ten countries: on average, households were probably vulnerable to around three to four of the five priority micronutrients assessed (mean probability of inadequacy 0.56–0.73), with Mali and Niger the most affected. More than half the population was vulnerable to inadequate iron, zinc and folate, and vulnerability was consistently higher in poorer households. Wheat flour and edible oil showed limited reach among poorer populations and low consumption among those most in need. Rice showed high coverage and alignment with vulnerability profiles across countries, while millet and sorghum showed potential to reduce inadequacy in the Sahel. These findings support the expansion of the regional vehicle portfolio through prioritization aligned with vulnerability and vehicle access. While staple food fortification is a recognized strategy for addressing micronutrient inadequacy, there is limited localized evidence on whether currently fortified foods, as well as candidate staples for future fortification, reach at-risk populations. This study finds that wheat flour and edible oil have limited coverage, whereas rice, millet and sorghum show greater potential across West Africa.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":"7 9","pages":"902-916"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-026-01412-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global patterns and feasible improvement potential of phosphorus use efficiency in cereal croplands","authors":"Yishen Sun, Han Hu, Rong-Xi Tan, Julian Helfenstein, Richard W. McDowell, Baojing Gu, Haowei Ni, Weigen Huang, Jixian Ding, Ke Xue, Chao Qian, Jizhong Zhou, Zhi-Hua Zhou, Jiabao Zhang, Yuting Liang","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01419-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-026-01419-9","url":null,"abstract":"Cropland phosphorus (P) is essential for global food security, yet its management remains challenging owing to low phosphorus use efficiency (PUE), leading to resource depletion and nutrient loss from agricultural fields. Although a range of management practices can improve PUE, their effectiveness varies across environmental and socioeconomic contexts, and the absence of a predictive framework has hindered global assessments of their potential. Here we develop a machine learning model to map global PUE geospatial variations for maize, rice and wheat and quantify potential gains under a feasibility-constrained scenario. Our results reveal global average PUEs of 25.1% for maize, 25.0% for rice and 24.2% for wheat. Under three-layer feasibility constraints, management interventions could yield absolute PUE gains of 5.2–6.0%, with adoption barriers as the dominant limiting factor. Changes in cropping system and fertilizer type are the two largest management contributors across all three crops. Our spatially explicit framework evaluates the feasible PUE improvement potential, providing a foundation for regionally differentiated phosphorus management that supports sustainable intensification and food security. Low phosphorus use efficiency limits crop production while accelerating the depletion of finite phosphorus resources and environmental pollution. Using a machine learning framework that incorporates feasibility constraints, this study maps global phosphorus use efficiency for major cereal crops and identifies region-specific opportunities and management priorities for improving phosphorus sustainability.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":"7 9","pages":"869-877"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrative framework for early estimation of global crop yields demonstrated under large-scale disruptions","authors":"Ziyue Chen, Yanzhao Wang, Xing Yan, Mei-po Kwan, Lin Yang, Qianqian Wang, Qiqi Zhu, Qiangyi Yu, Zhaozhong Feng, Bingbo Gao, Chaoqun Zhang, Yuheng Fu, Jianqiang Hu, Manchun Li, Qiao Wang","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01418-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-026-01418-w","url":null,"abstract":"Expectations of global crop yields, especially in major production countries, strongly influence crop-export policies and global food security, especially during national and global disruptions. Timely yield estimation remains difficult at the global scale because of large differences in crop phenology, environmental conditions and agricultural practices. Here we propose a framework that integrates yield statistics with multi-source remote-sensing and complementary geospatial data, and employs random forest models to estimate major crop yields in all production countries. We selected three cases, the coronavirus disease 2019 global pandemic, Australian wildfires and the Ukraine war, to verify the model performance under different regional and global disruptions. The framework achieved a satisfactory accuracy globally, especially in major crop-production countries with developed agricultural techniques. When croplands were not severely affected by such events as wars or wildfires, this framework even enabled crop yields estimation months before harvest. This research provides a methodological reference for global yield estimation to support timely crop trade policies and reduce food-security risks. Timely crop-yield estimates are essential for anticipating food-supply risks and informing crop trade policies. This study presents a framework that integrates yield statistics, multi-source remote-sensing and complementary geospatial data and random forest models to estimate major crop yields across global production countries.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":"7 9","pages":"878-888"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disruptions of global crop yields","authors":"Martin K. van Ittersum","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01424-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-026-01424-y","url":null,"abstract":"Timely estimation and forecasting of crop yields at national and global levels is essential to manage market volatility. Yet, better understanding of estimation accuracy and whether and how this impacts market volatility is essential.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":"7 9","pages":"832-833"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review of nutrient profile models for front-of-pack nutrition labelling","authors":"Margarida Bica, Jessica Renzella, Asha Kaur, Mike Rayner","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01414-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-026-01414-0","url":null,"abstract":"Front-of-pack nutrition labelling (FOPNL) systems, based on underlying nutrient profile models (NPMs) that classify foods according to their nutritional composition, are key policies for tackling diet-related non-communicable diseases. Yet, the growing number of NPMs poses a challenge for policymakers to select appropriate models for FOPNL policies. This systematic review identifies and characterizes the NPMs developed and/or used for FOPNL systems, from both peer-reviewed and grey literature. We identified 42 NPMs, of which 15 were developed for warning labels, 11 for nutrient-specific systems (including traffic-light labelling), 11 for health endorsements, 4 for summary scores and 1 for other systems. All NPMs limited the content of sugar, and most limited sodium and saturated fat. Convergent and criterion validity were demonstrated for nine and three NPMs, respectively. Considerable heterogeneity across NPMs suggests limited consensus on what constitutes the most appropriate NPM for FOPNL, reinforcing the need for greater regional guidance and alignment. Nutrient profile models (NPMs) underpin front-of-pack nutrition labelling (FOPNL), which can help consumers to make healthier food choices. This systematic review identifies and characterizes existing NPMs for FOPNL systems globally.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":"7 9","pages":"845-856"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148852330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}