Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)最新文献

{"title":"Factors Affecting Length of Stay in Pediatric Emergency Department in a Teaching Hospital in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Abdullah A Yousef,&nbsp;Mohammed H Al Qahtani,&nbsp;Abdullah K Al-Mutairi,&nbsp;Faisal O AlQurashi,&nbsp;Reem S AlOmar,&nbsp;Nouf A AlShamlan,&nbsp;Malak A Al Shammari,&nbsp;Hannen A Yousef","doi":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.268-275","DOIUrl":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.268-275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Decreasing the number of Emergency Department patient visits for treatment, especially in non-urgent cases, is an international healthcare goal. The same applies for pediatric emergency rooms where the utilization of ED is much more than adults.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aim to measure the length of stay for all pediatric patients and examine the factors influencing it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review study was conducted at the pediatric ED of King Fahd Hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The study included all patients presented to the pediatric ED, between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2018, aged from 1 day to < 14 years old. Data included patient's age, sex, season in which the patient presented in, chief complaint, time of presentation, and whether admission to the hospital ward was collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total number of patients was 37,613. The median LOS was 100, interquartile range (IQR) = 53 - 272 minutes. Male pediatric patients were (55.12%). Among all patients, (32.04%) were toddlers, followed by school aged children (25.05%). The ER received more patients during the winter months followed by summer (32.92% and 24.72%, respectively). Fever was the most common complaint for all patients combined. For prolonged LOS patients, the most common complaints were respiratory related (23.44%). Pre-school children and school aged children were found to have a 5.49% and a 7.93% increased LOS when compared to toddlers (95% CI = 2.52 - 8.53, and 95% CI = 5.01 - 10.93, respectively). Summer was associated with a statistically significant increased LOS (% change = 28.92, 95% CI = 25.53 - 32.40). Morning shift was found to have a 7.89% increased LOS when compared to the evening shift. The highest increase in LOS was attributed to haematology related complaints (% change = 108.32, 95% CI = 85.69 - 133.71).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Several pediatric LOS predicting factors have been identified; morning arrival, and presentation during summertime. Systemic factors such as staffing, and infrastructure can be modified and may affect the length of stay of patients. The implementation of these strategies and the evaluation of their impact on the length of stay in the pediatric emergency department require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94135,"journal":{"name":"Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)","volume":"77 4","pages":"268-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/57/08/medarch-77-268.PMC10591245.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50159639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity Maintain Immune Response Through TLR-2/TLR-4 Gene Expression in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient at Medan City.","authors":"Yetty Machrina,&nbsp;Dwi Rita Anggraini,&nbsp;Yunita Sari Pane,&nbsp;Novita Sari Harahap,&nbsp;Gaurav Pant","doi":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.276-280","DOIUrl":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.276-280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Increasing in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) needs to solve comprehensively and holistically. Patients with T2DM should have self-coping due to lifestyle modification. Abdominal fat accumulation can release pro-inflammatory cytokine that leads TLR-2 and TLR-4 to the response. These two kinds of toll-like receptors exist on the monocyte surface membrane which is an innate immunity cell.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aims of this study were to get the profile of physical activity, metabolic state, and mononuclear cell response to the expression of the TLR2 and TLR4 genes in T2DM patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>It was a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional study design. Thirty-two eligible patients with inclusion criteria participated as subjects. All subjects answered questions by IPAQ, and checked metabolic state with body composition analysis. The TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression was determined with quantitative Real- Time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study result found that most T2DM patients were in a highly active category in which most of their activity was walking (light intensity). The average abdominal circumferences were 91.81 ± 15.4 cm, body fat percentage was 29.5 ± 8.8%, and fasting blood sugar was 187.07 ± 67.03 mg/dl. Mononuclear cells number were normal. The expression of the TLR2 gene was lower by 0.71 fold and TLR4 gene expression was lower by 0.9 fold compared with non-DM (p<0.05). By chi-square test, there was a positive correlation between TLR2 gene expression with fasting blood glucose (p=0.011, and a positive correlation between the abdominal circumference and TLR4 gene expression (p=0.011).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Type-2 Diabetes mellitus patients in primary health care keep walking as their physical activity to maintain blood glucose. Patients need to do moderate to vigorous exercise regularly to reduce body fat percentage especially abdominal fat to reduce Toll-like receptor gene expression, so insulin resistance and blood glucose level might decline to normal.</p>","PeriodicalId":94135,"journal":{"name":"Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)","volume":"77 4","pages":"276-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0c/a1/medarch-77-276.PMC10591241.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50159644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplasia Cutis Congenita of the Scalp with Bone Defect and Exposed Sagittal Sinus in Trisomy 13 Newborn - a Case Report.","authors":"Fisal Rashid AlMatrifi,&nbsp;Ahmad Ayed Al-Shammari,&nbsp;Raed Mohamed Al Nefily,&nbsp;Rawan Abdulrahman AlAnazi,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Hamed Abdulwahab,&nbsp;Ahmed Sabry Ammar","doi":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.319-322","DOIUrl":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.319-322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aplasia cutis congenita is a heterogeneous disorders group with a rare reported incident of 0.5 to 1 in 10,000 births. ACC can be associated with physical defects or syndrome that may help in diagnosis, prognosis and further evaluation of the patient. Trisomy 13 is one of the most common fetal life limiting diagnosis which is associated with ACC of membranous type scalp.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this article, we report cases of aplasia cutis congenita of the scalp with dura and bone defect and exposed sagittal sinus in newborn diagnosed to have trisomy 13. It emphasizes the importance of ACC associated syndrome which is having high mortality prior to surgical intervention.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The patient was born at 35 weeks of gestation. Her physical examination revealed a newborn girl with dysmorphic facial features including widely separated eyes, downward slanting of the palpebral fissure, microphthalmia, retrognathia, and low seat ears. She had area of loss of scalp skin and skull bone with seen brain tissue and sagittal sinus were exposed that was measure 6 by 5 cm in size. Additionally, she had a clenched fist and overlapping fingers and rocker bottom feet. Laboratory investigations include basic labs and the TORCH screen was negative. On the 9th day of life, a chromosomal analysis showed a female karyotype with three copies of chromosome number 13 in all 20 metaphase cells counts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The patient was managed conservatively. However, a multidisciplinary team agreed on do not resuscitate with no further surgical intervention as survival rate of trisomy 13 is poor.</p>","PeriodicalId":94135,"journal":{"name":"Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)","volume":"77 4","pages":"319-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b7/84/medarch-77-319.PMC10591249.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50159652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant Intravesical Chemotherapy Versus Immunotherapy for All Risk Groups of Patients With Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.","authors":"Haris Djug, Sefik Hasukic, Samed Jagodic, Davor Ivanic","doi":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.460-464","DOIUrl":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.460-464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The treatment strategy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has not changed significantly over the past 30 years. Chemotherapeutic agents (mitomycin-C, epirubicin, etc.) and BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) immunotherapy are used as adjuvant intravesical therapy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the difference between adjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant immunotherapy in their efficacy of reducing the number of tumor recurrences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective clinical study, which included 99 patients with NMIBC from March 2018.-March 2023., we publish the results for all risk groups of patients treated with intravesical chemotherapy Epirubicin or with BCG immunotherapy, after TURBT (Trans urethral resection of bladder tumor) within 1 year. Patients were stratified into 2 groups. The first group was treated with Epirubicin (1 dose within 24 hours of surgery, then 6 weekly instillations and 3 maintenance doses), and the second group was treated with BCG (2-3 weeks after TURBT 6 weekly instillations, and 3 maintenance doses). The monitoring period was 24 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In patients treated with intravesical chemotherapy, recurrence occurred in 9 patients (17.64%), and in patients treated with BCG, recurrence occurred in 7 patients (14.58%). A similar incidence of disease recurrence was observed in both groups (p=0.787).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of our study show a similar therapeutic response by risk groups of patients treated with chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Since BCG production will cease in the future, the task of urologists is to introduce intravesical chemotherapy into wider use and to modernize it as a safe and effective method of adjuvant treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":94135,"journal":{"name":"Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)","volume":"77 6","pages":"460-464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10834055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139682172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant Sclerosing Hepatic Hemangioma Presenting as Bornman-Terblanche-Blumgart Syndrome: a Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Arwa H Ibrahim,&nbsp;Dhuha N Boumarah,&nbsp;Arwa A AlGhamdi,&nbsp;Shadi A Alshammary","doi":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.314-318","DOIUrl":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.314-318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatic hemangioma represents the most frequent benign tumor originating from the liver. When the tumor exceeds 10 cm, and in some studies 4 or 5 cm, it is considered giant, which accounts for 10% of all hemangiomas arising from the liver. Histologically, Sclerosing hepatic hemangioma, in particular, is an exceedingly rare subtype of hemangioma. Clinically Bornman-Terblanche-Blumgart syndrome is a very rare complication of hepatic hemangioma.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this case presentation was to contribute to the literature by documenting a case of giant sclerosing hemangioma diagnosed in a 36-year-old female presenting with Bornman-Terblanche-Blumgart syndrome, along with a brief review of the literature.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>The current paper documents two rare clinical and histological features of hepatic hemangioma. Bornman-Terblanche-Blumgart syndrome is complicated a giant hepatic hemangioma found histologically to be sclerosing in nature. Knowledge about the uncommon complications of liver hemangioma permits the implementation of appropriate interventions in a timely manner and, in turn, can enhance the patient's quality of life and minimize rates of associated mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":94135,"journal":{"name":"Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)","volume":"77 4","pages":"314-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0c/ca/medarch-77-314.PMC10591242.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50159641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Presenting with Wide Complex Tachycardia: a Case Report.","authors":"Mohannad Alghamdi,&nbsp;Mohammed Almulhim,&nbsp;Abdullah Bunaian,&nbsp;Emad Al-Osail,&nbsp;Abdullah Alhowaish,&nbsp;Marwah Alabdulmhsin,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Alhawas,&nbsp;Dunya Alfaraj","doi":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.306-309","DOIUrl":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.306-309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is an abnormal heart rhythm that can lead to pump failure and hypoperfusion. Its causes, presentation, and treatment are well established in the literature. However, the VT treatment algorithm is based on non-traumatic patients. Due to different pathophysiology and presentation, treating VT in trauma patients should be different.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The main purpose is to emphasize the approach to treating VT in severe head trauma patients.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>This case is a unique presentation of severe head trauma with a paucity of treatment approaches in the literature. In this article, we present a case of a middle-aged male patient presented to a level one trauma center with a history of falls from 2 stories height with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 3/15. ATLS approach was followed in treating this patient, his rhythm strip showed a wide complex regular rhythm, likely representing a VT with a pulse. The patient was treated as unstable because of a decreased level of consciousness. A 100 J synchronized cardioversion was given without restoration of normal sinus rhythm, followed by Mannitol 1g/kg, treating the possibility of high intracranial pressure (ICP), after which his rhythm was restored to sinus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The restoration of sinus rhythm after treating the possibility of high ICP suggests that the cause of VT in this severe TBI patient was the high ICP.</p>","PeriodicalId":94135,"journal":{"name":"Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)","volume":"77 4","pages":"306-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e1/c5/medarch-77-306.PMC10591240.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50159645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Number of Ligated Veins in Varicocele Patients Undergoing Microsurgical Varicocelectomy in Postoperative Pain and Sperm Parameters Outcome.","authors":"Ahmad Nurfakhri Syarief,&nbsp;Ilham Akbar Rahman,&nbsp;Muhammad Rifki Setiawan,&nbsp;Fikri Rizaldi","doi":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.299-305","DOIUrl":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.299-305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The influence of the number of veins that should be ligated in varicocele surgery on postoperative pain and testicular function is not clearly understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the number of Internal Spermatic Vein (ISV) ligated in postoperative pain and sperm parameters outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant studies were collected and systematically reviewed from Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. This study followed the PRISMA guideline. The mean difference (MD), odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were measured in the assessment of the outcome. Revman 5.4 was used in data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled meta-analysis demonstrated that complete pain resolution was significantly higher in patients undergoing varicocelectomy procedures with more than ten vein numbers ligated with OR 1.92, 95% CI (1.03, 3.60). Improvement of sperm parameters of change in sperm concentration was also significantly observed in patients with more than ten vein numbers ligated MD 32.79, 95% CI (23.13, 42.45). However, the number of veins ligated was not associated with the change in sperm motility MD 9.69 with 95% CI (-12.32, 31.71).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The number of veins ligated intraoperatively determined pain relief and sperm concentration improvement. This study showed that varicocelectomy results improved with greater ISV ligation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94135,"journal":{"name":"Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)","volume":"77 4","pages":"299-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4a/f2/medarch-77-299.PMC10591252.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50159657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the Role of TGF-β1 in Altering Collagen I and Collagen III in the New Zealand Rabbit's (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Urethral Wall in Urethral Stricture Development.","authors":"Paksi Satyagraha, Athaya Febriantyo Purnomo, Hamid Hunaif Dhofi Alluza, I Made Udiyana Indradiputra, Pradana Nurhadi, Kenty Wantri Anita, Yuyun Yueniwati, Happy Kurnia Permatasari, Basuki Bambang Purnomo","doi":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.428-432","DOIUrl":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.428-432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Presently, there's a lack of standardization in animal models used for studying urethral stricture. Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1) is known to regulate the deposition of extracellular matrix in both normal and pathological conditions. This factor holds promise as a potential model for simulating urethral stricture.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the impact of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1) on Collagen I and Collagen III within the urethral wall of New Zealand Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in the context of developing urethral stricture in animal models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted genuine laboratory experiments using Male New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), which were categorized into five groups: control, placebo, and three treatment groups (TGF-β1 injections of 1 µg, 2 µg, 4 µg). After a duration of 6 weeks, we conducted urethrography, histopathological analysis, and assessed the formation of collagen I and collagen III within the urethral wall.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elevating the dosage of TGF-β1 led to a reduction in the average urethral lumen diameter of rabbits (29.3% in the 2µg group and 34% in the 4µg group) compared to the control group. In fact, three rabbits experienced a decrease of ≤ 50% in their urethral lumen diameter. As the doses of TGF-β1 increased, we observed significant increases in the density of collagen I, and collagen III in both the periluminal and peripheral regions of the urethral spongiosum. Additionally, there was a tendency for the collagen I/collagen III ratio to decrease in the periluminal region, with collagen III density surpassing that of collagen I. In the peripheral spongiosa area, notable mean differences were observed between the control group, 1T, and 2T groups, with collagen I density tending to be higher than that of collagen III. Furthermore, the percentage of urethral lumen diameter exhibited a robust negative correlation with periluminal collagen I density (r = -0.672, p = 0.001), peripheral spongiosa collagen I density (r = -0.603, p = 0.005), periluminal collagen III density (r = -0.717, p = 0.001), and an exceptionally strong negative correlation with collagen III density of peripheral spongiosa (r = -0.804, p = 0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TGF-β1 exerts an influence on altering the composition of collagen I and collagen III within the urethral wall of rabbits, leading to a reduction in the diameter of the urethral lumen. Further research is warranted to determine the optimal dose of TGF-β1 required to induce urethral stricture effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":94135,"journal":{"name":"Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)","volume":"77 6","pages":"428-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10834044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139682203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetal Growth Retardation is Associated with High Apoptotic Cells and Low VEGF Expression in Placenta of Malarial Pregnant Mice.","authors":"Kana Mardhiyyah,&nbsp;Tanto Hariyanto,&nbsp;Teguh Wahju Sardjono,&nbsp;Sri Winarsih,&nbsp;Tatit Nurseta,&nbsp;Loeki Enggar Fitri","doi":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.258-262","DOIUrl":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.258-262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During pregnancy, pregnant women are susceptible to malaria, contributing significantly to maternal and infant mortality.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research was conducted to study the effect of Plasmodium berghei infection in pregnant mice on fetal growth retardation through placental cell apoptosis and the change of local vascularization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen pregnant Balb/c strain mice resulting from simultanously mating were divided into two groups those were nine pregnant mice used as non infected group and nine pregnant mice infected with Plasmodium berghei on day 9th post mating used as infected group respectively. On day 15th of post mating, all of the pregnant mice were killed. Fetal weights were measured using analytic balance. Apoptosis of placental cells and VEGF expression in the placental tissue were measured using immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Result showed that there was sequestration of parasite-infected red blood cells (PRBCs) in intervillous space. Statistical analysis showed that the fetal weights in infected pregnant mice group was significantly lower than non infected one (p = 0.01), and the placental cell apoptosis in placental tissue of infected pregnant mice was significantly higher than the non infected one (p=0.00).There was also a significant difference on VEGF expression between infected group and non infected group (p= 0,00).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Plasmodium berghei infection in pregnant Balb/c mice can cause fetal growth retardation due to high of placental cell apoptosis and low VEGF expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":94135,"journal":{"name":"Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)","volume":"77 4","pages":"258-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/aa/8d/medarch-77-258.PMC10591248.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50159640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Mediastinoscopy in Patients With Isolated Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy.","authors":"Yasser Aljehani, Yasser Elghoneimy, Zeead Alghamdi, Farouk T Alreshaid, Humood A Alsadery, Sharifah Othman, Omar A Bamalan, Moustafa Aboollo","doi":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.477-481","DOIUrl":"10.5455/medarh.2023.77.477-481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since its introduction in 1959 by Carlens (1), Mediastinoscopy has been, for long, used for assessment of the mediastinum (superior and middle) for establishing a histological diagnosis of mediastinal masses of undefined cause, and for Lung carcinomas staging. The use of Mediastinoscopy has been decreasing lately due to the introduction of other less invasive techniques (e.g., endoscopic ultrasound-directed fine needle aspiration cytology), however, it is still a cheap and effective tool that can be utilized in underprivileged centers.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To emphasize how does Mediastinoscopy plays an important role in confirming the clinical diagnosis of isolated mediastinal lymphadenopathy and reviewing its utility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>These are a retrospective analysis of medical charts for patients who underwent diagnostic cervical mediastinoscopy during (2012 - 2018) at a University hospital in Saudi Arabia. The included patients are presented with an isolated mediastinal lymph node enlargement, in the absence of underlying cause and was found to be significant (>1cm in its short axis) by computed tomography. The patient who had a known cause (e.g., Sarcoidosis) or were diagnosed via other tools, was excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mediastinoscopy was performed on 56 patients, 38 of them were males (68%) and 18 females (32%), with a mean age of (37.5 ± 10 years). The patients' most common presenting symptoms were persistent cough (49%), fever of unknown origin (38%) and weight loss (36%) with an average of 2 symptoms per patient, while in 4 patients (7%) lymphadenopathy was discovered incidentally during the CT scan for other reasons. In addition, the histopathological examination of specimens obtained confirmed the most common diagnoses, Sarcoidosis in 17 patients (30%), lymphoma in 12 patients (21%) and TB in 10 patients (18%). The mean hospital stay (calculated from the day of the procedure) was (2.5 ± 4 days) including work up, with only one mortality (2%) and 3 patients (5%) had experienced post-operative complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The diagnostic Mediastinoscopy is both safe and efficient in the diagnosis of patients with isolated mediastinal lymphadenopathy, requiring a minimal surgical setup and is considered cost-effective. Therefore, it is a valid choice of investigating such cases in other underprivileged centers, as it reaches a tissue-based diagnosis, while other techniques are used for staging purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94135,"journal":{"name":"Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)","volume":"77 6","pages":"477-481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10834040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139682205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}