Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Kidney R2* Mapping for Noninvasive Evaluation of Iron Overload in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria.","authors":"Koichi Ito, Kazuyuki Ohgi, Koichiro Kimura, Koichi Ishitaki, Akiyoshi Yamashita, Hiroyuki Yokote, Shunji Tsukuda, Ko Matsushita, Yuko Naraoka, Amon Fujioka, Tatsuki Ono","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0114","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The kidney iron deposition can cause kidney damage and renal insufficiency in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) patients. Assessment of iron deposition in the kidney is essential for the early diagnosis of renal damage in PNH patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate kidney R2* (T2* reciprocals) values in PNH patients using the iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL-IQ).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two radiologists measured the R2* values of the renal cortex in 14 PNH patients and 13 healthy volunteers using IDEAL-IQ. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a reliable marker of intravascular hemolysis, was also measured in all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The kidney R2* values were significantly higher in PNH patients compared with those in healthy volunteers (P < 0.001). High inter-operator reproducibility of the measurements was also acquired using IDEAL-IQ. LDH levels were also significantly higher in PNH patients compared with those in healthy volunteers (P < 0.001). Kidney R2* values strongly correlated with LDH levels in PNH patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IDEAL-IQ has a possibility of becoming a useful method for the noninvasive evaluation of renal iron overload in PNH patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"204-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139901030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need for Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging Protocols and Quantitative Assessment of Wall Enhancement for Vessel Wall Imaging in Various Intracranial Arterial Diseases.","authors":"Naoko Mori","doi":"10.2463/mrms.lte.2023-0173","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.lte.2023-0173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"276-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139736956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Structures in a Human Embryo Imaged with MR Microscopy.","authors":"Kazuki Kunieda, Kazuyuki Makihara, Shigehito Yamada, Masayuki Yamaguchi, Takashi Nakamura, Yasuhiko Terada","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0110","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To delineate brain microstructures in human embryos during the formation of the various major primordia by MR microscopy, with different contrasts appropriate for each target.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We focused mainly on the internal structures in the cerebral cortex and the accessory nerves of the brain. To find appropriate sequence parameters, we measured nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) parameters and created kernel density plots of T1 and T2 values. We performed T1-weighted gradient echo imaging with parameters similar to those used in the previous studies. We performed T2*-weighted gradient echo imaging to delineate the target structures with the appropriate sequence parameters according to the NMR parameter and flip angle measurements. We also performed high-resolution imaging with both T1- and T2*-weighted sequences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>T1, T2, and T2* values of the target tissues were positively correlated and shorter than those of the surrounding tissues. In T1-weighted images with a voxel size of (30 µm)³ and (20 µm)³, various organs and tissues and the agarose gel were differentiated as in previous studies, and the structure of approximately 40 µm in size was depicted, but the detailed structures within the cerebral cortex and the accessory nerves were not delineated. In T2*-weighted images with a voxel size of (30 µm)³, the layered structure within the cerebral cortex and the accessory nerves were clearly visualized. Overall, T1-weighted images provided more information than T2*-weighted images, but important internal brain structures of interest were visible only in T2*-weighted images. Therefore, it is essential to perform MR microscopy with different contrasts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We have visualized brain structures in a human embryo that had not previously been delineated by MR microscopy. We discussed pulse sequences appropriate for the structures of interest. This methodology would provide a way to visualize crucial embryological information about the anatomical structure of human embryos.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"191-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139901029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of 3D Magnetization-transfer- and Spectral-presaturation-with-inversion-recovery-based Neuromelanin Imaging.","authors":"Midori Kusama, Yukio Kimura, Masami Yoneyama, Takashi Namiki, Takeshi Tamaru, Kenji Miyagi, Noriko Sato","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0095","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Neuromelanin is visualized by optimizing the conditions of longitudinal relaxation (T1)-weighted imaging (T1WI). Although it was originally developed in 2D imaging, 3D imaging has been also reported, and T1WI sequences with magnetization transfer (MT) pulses are now widely used in 3D gradient echo (GRE) sequences. In this study, we assert that the use of spectral presaturation with inversion recovery (SPIR) may also be useful as an alternative to MT pulses, and we optimize SPIR and compare it with MT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Neuromelanin images with MT pulse and SPIR (flip angles [FAs] = 19º, 22º, and 25º) were acquired from 30 healthy volunteers. To achieve the same acquisition time of 5 min, the slab thickness of the MT images was less than 1/3 of those of the SPIR images; the acquisition areas for MT and SPIR were the brainstem and the whole brain, respectively. Visual and quantitative evaluation was performed and compared on the four sequences acquired for the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and the locus coeruleus (LC). For visual assessment, we used the mean score from a 3-point scale by two evaluators. For quantitative evaluation, the contrast ratios of SNc and LC were calculated in comparison with the background tissue signal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In visual assessments, the mean scores of the SPIR FA19º and FA22º images were better than others in the SNc. Regarding LC, the SPIR FA22º image yielded the best mean score. In quantitative evaluations, the MT image was significantly lower than the other three images in SNc. Regarding LC, there were no significant differences among the four acquired images (MT and SPIR FA19º, FA22º, and FA25º).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Detection of neuromelanin in SNc and LC was improved by the use of SPIR compared to MT pulse in 3D neuromelanin imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"184-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139934924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological Properties of a Chemically Fixed Human Embryo Visualized with Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping.","authors":"Toru Shirai, Yasuhiko Terada, Katsumi Kose, Shigehito Yamada","doi":"10.2463/mrms.tn.2023-0149","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.tn.2023-0149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A chemically fixed Carnegie stage 23 (approximately 56 days of gestation) human embryo specimen was imaged using 3D spin-echo and gradient-echo sequences in a static magnetic field strength of 4.74T, and a quantitative susceptibility map was calculated using the 3D gradient-echo image. The acquired 3D microscopic images (90 μm cube voxel size) clarified the relationship between R₂ (transverse relaxation rate), R₂* (apparent transverse relaxation rate), and magnetic susceptibility in the heart, liver, kidney, and spinal cord. The results suggested that the R₂* and magnetic susceptibility in each tissue were probably due to paramagnetic iron ions originating from erythrocytes. The large R₂* (~130 s^-1) and magnetic susceptibility (~0.122 ppm) in the liver were attributed to its hemopoietic function. A large magnetic susceptibility (~0.116 ppm) was also observed in the spinal cord, but we conclude that more detailed future studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"262-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139992244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MR Imaging Features Predictive of Pathologic Complete Response and Survival Outcomes for Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.","authors":"Ahmet Bozer, Cengiz Yilmaz, Hülya Çetin Tunçez, Demet Kocatepe Çavdar, Zehra Hilal Adıbelli","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of MRI features for pathologic complete response (pCR) and survival outcomes in patients with breast cancer (BC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 168 BC patients treated with NAC between 2018 and 2022. Pre-NAC breast MRI scans were evaluated for enhancement patterns, time-intensity curve (TIC), peritumoral edema, and background enhancement. Both pre- and post-NAC MRIs were assessed for Epeak %, mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, and ADC ratio (mean ADC of lesion/contralateral normal breast parenchyma). Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>pCR was achieved in 34% of patients. MRI demonstrated a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 86% in predicting pCR, with an overall accuracy of 82%. The post-NAC percentage of initial peak enhancement (Epeak) was significantly lower in the pCR group (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified a pre-NAC Epeak ≤ 96 (hazard ratio [HR]: 6.26, P < 0.001) and a post-NAC Epeak > 188 (HR: 18.40, P < 0.001) as independent risk factors for disease-free survival. Additionally, a lower pre-NAC ADC ratio (≤0.65) was associated with poorer overall survival (HR: 2.8, P: 0.041). Pre-NAC peritumoral edema, background enhancement, and TIC were not significant predictors of survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MRI features, including Epeak % and ADC ratio, are important predictors of pCR and survival outcomes in BC patients undergoing NAC. Incorporating these biomarkers into clinical practice may improve treatment planning and optimize patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Endolymph Signal in Non-contrast Enhanced 3D-real IR Image Differs between the Ears with and without Significant Endolymphatic Hydrops.","authors":"Shinji Naganawa, Rintaro Ito, Mariko Kawamura, Toshiaki Taoka, Tadao Yoshida, Michihiko Sone","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate whether significant differences exist in labyrinthine lymph fluid signal intensities on non-contrast-enhanced 3D real inversion recovery (3D-real IR) images between patients with and without significant endolymphatic hydrops (EH), potentially enabling the non-contrast detection of EH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-nine patients suspected of having EH underwent 3D-real IR MRI before and 4 hours after intravenous administration of a single dose of gadobutrol. Signal intensities of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), perilymph, and endolymph were manually measured on pre-contrast images using ROIs. Patients were categorized into 2 groups based on post-contrast imaging: those with significant EH and those without. Normalized signal intensities (nSIs) of the endolymph were calculated and compared between the groups using the Mann-Whitney U test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nSIs of the vestibular endolymph on non-contrast 3D-real IR images were significantly lower in the group with significant EH compared to the group without EH (P  < 0.05), suggesting T1 prolongation in the vestibular endolymph of patients with significant EH. However, considerable overlap was observed in the nSIs between the 2 groups, and significant EH did not always result in T1 prolongation. No significant differences were found in the nSIs of the perilymph or CSF between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggests that T1 prolongation occurs in the vestibular endolymph in cases of significant EH. This finding indicates the potential for developing non-contrast MRI methods to detect EH and underscores the importance of understanding the mechanisms behind T1 changes in the endolymph. Further research with larger patient cohorts and inclusion of healthy control subjects is necessary to validate these results and to elucidate the pathophysiology of EH in Ménière's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Findings on Non-contrast Enhanced Positive Endolymph Images: Limited Delineation of Endolymphatic Space.","authors":"Shinji Naganawa, Rintaro Ito, Mariko Kawamura, Toshiaki Taoka, Tadao Yoshida, Michihiko Sone","doi":"10.2463/mrms.bc.2025-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.bc.2025-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recently proposed non-contrast MRI technique for evaluating endolymphatic hydrops employs inversion recovery without T2-preparation and the subtraction of 2 inversion time images. However, our high-resolution non-contrast positive endolymph images (PEI) reveal inconsistencies in delineating the endolymphatic space, challenging this method's reliability. Comprehensive analysis is required to address the interplay among signal intensity, T1 relaxation times, and inversion efficiency within endolymphatic and perilymphatic spaces to establish its diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Mastoid Extension and Complications such as Labyrinthine Fistula and Dural Exposure in Middle Ear Cholesteatoma Using Lesion Size and Detectability on Non-echo-planar Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging.","authors":"Akira Baba, Sho Kurihara, Satoshi Matsushima, Nobuhiro Ogino, Hideomi Yamauchi, Shun Kusada, Shinnosuke Tatedo, Saeko Kubomae, Takara Nakazawa, Masahiro Takahashi, Yuika Sakurai, Masaomi Motegi, Manabu Komori, Kazuhisa Yamamoto, Yutaka Yamamoto, Hiromi Kojima, Hiroya Ojiri","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate whether non-echoplanar diffusion-weighted MRI (non-EP DWI) lesion size and detectability can predict mastoid extension and complications such as labyrinthine fistula and dural exposure in middle ear cholesteatoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 120 lesions with surgically confirmed middle ear cholesteatoma. Non-EP DWI was performed within 6 months preoperatively and evaluated for lesion detectability and size measurements, including maximum axial diameter, maximum axial area, and volume. Surgical findings were used to assess mastoid extension, labyrinthine fistula, and dural exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 120 lesions, 30 were undetectable and 90 were detectable on non-EP DWI. Undetectable lesions had significantly less mastoid extension or labyrinthine fistula compared to detectable lesions (P < 0.001 - P = 0.006). The undetectable finding on non-EP DWI for identifying mastoid extension-negative lesions showed a sensitivity of 0.59, specificity of 0.95, and for labyrinthine fistula-negative lesions showed a sensitivity of 0.29, specificity of 1.00. Among the 90 detectable lesions, all size parameters (maximum axial diameter, maximum axial area, and volume) were significantly larger in cases with positive mastoid extension and positive labyrinthine fistula compared to negative cases (P < 0.001 - P = 0.005). For dural exposure, the maximum axial diameter and maximum axial area were significantly larger in positive cases (P = 0.002), but volume did not differ significantly. Optimal diagnostic cut-off values were determined for mastoid extension (8.9 mm diameter and 56 mm² area, both with sensitivity 0.89 and specificity 0.97), labyrinthine fistula (82 mm² area, sensitivity 0.47, specificity 1.00), and dural exposure (14.3 mm diameter, sensitivity 0.59, specificity 0.87; 112 mm² area, sensitivity 0.68, specificity 0.73).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-EP DWI lesion size and detectability can predict important operative findings in middle ear cholesteatoma. Undetectable lesions on non-EP DWI indicate a lack of mastoid extension or labyrinthine fistula, while larger detectable lesions correlate with increased risks of extension and complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Assessment of Juxtacortical Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis Using Highly-accelerated High-resolution Double Inversion Recovery MR Imaging with Deep Learning-based Reconstruction.","authors":"Tomohiro Shintaku, Satoru Ide, Haruka Nagaya, Yuka Ishimoto, Keita Watanabe, Kazuhiko Oyu, Sera Kasai, Yoshihito Umemura, Miho Sasaki, Kana Saito, Amo Ozawa, Atsushi Nozaki, Xucheng Zhu, Tetsuya Wakayama, Haruo Nishijima, Chieko Suzuki, Masahiko Tomiyama, Shingo Kakeda","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Recently, a novel deep learning (DL)-based technique for reconstructing highly undersampled MR data (DL-Speed, DLS) has been developed, which demonstrated superior performance over compressed sensing. This study aimed to achieve high-resolution double inversion recovery (DIR) imaging using DLS (DLS-DIR) and compare its diagnostic performance in the detection of juxtacortical multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions with that of conventional DIR (C-DIR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed MRI data from 25 patients with MS who underwent a comprehensive imaging protocol, including 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), C-DIR, and DLS-DIR. A voxel size of 1.3 × 1.3 × 1.4 mm³ with a scan duration of 3 mins 55s were used for C-DIR, and isotropic 0.7 mm voxels with a scan time of 4 mins 23s were employed for DLS-DIR. Two neuroradiologists assessed the juxtacortical MS lesions during 2 separate reading sessions (one with C-DIR and the other with DLS-DIR). Lesions were categorized as subcortical white matter lesions, intracortical lesions, or mixed lesions involving both subcortical white and gray matter. The lesion counts per region were compared between the imaging techniques using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DLS-DIR detected a significantly higher number of juxtacortical MS lesions compared to C-DIR (Radiologist A: 211 lesions vs. 164 lesions; Radiologist B: 209 lesions vs. 157 lesions, P < 0.05). DLS-DIR also identified more intracortical lesions (Radiologist A: 22 additional lesions, Radiologist B: 34 additional lesions, P < 0.05) and more mixed lesions (Radiologist A: 46 additional lesions, Radiologist B: 42 additional lesions, P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DLS technology enables high-resolution, whole-brain DLS-DIR imaging within a 5 mins acquisition time, which can be seamlessly incorporated into routine clinical workflows. This approach substantially enhances the detection and evaluation of juxtacortical MS lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}