Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Peritumoral Fat Content Identified Using Iterative Decomposition of Water and Fat with Echo Asymmetry and Least-squares Estimation (IDEAL) Correlates with Breast Cancer Prognosis.","authors":"Natsumi Hirano Tani, Yuki Koreeda, Aya Nawata, Akitaka Fujisaki, Yoshiko Hayashida, Shohei Shimajiri, Toshiyuki Nakayama, Masanori Hisaoka, Yuzuru Inoue, Keiji Hirata, Yuko Tashima, Fumihiro Tanaka, Takatoshi Aoki","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0127","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Adipocytes around aggressive breast cancer (BC) are less lipid different from naive adipocytes (cancer-associated adipocytes, CAAs), and peritumoral edema caused by the release of cytokines from CAAs can conduce to decrease the peritumoral fat proportion. The purpose of this study was to correlate peritumoral fat content identified by using iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) with lymph node metastasis (LNM) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in BC patients and to compare with T2-weighted (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted images (DWI) analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study consisted of 85 patients who were diagnosed with invasive carcinoma of breast and underwent breast MRI, including IDEAL before surgery. The scan time of fat fraction (FF) map imaging using IDEAL was 33s. Four regions of interest (ROIs), which are 5 mm from the tumor edge, and one ROI in the mammary fat of the healthy side were set on the FF map. Then average peritumoral FF values (TFF), average FF values on the healthy side (HFF), and peritumoral fat ratio (PTFR, which is defined as TFF/HFF) were calculated. Tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured on ADC map obtained by DWI. Peritumoral edema was classified into three grades based on the degree of signal intensity around the tumor on T2WI (T2 edema).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of stepwise logistic regression analysis for four variables (TFF, PTFR, T2 edema, and ADC value) indicated that TFF and T2 edema were significant factors of LNM (P < 0.01). RFS was significantly associated with TFF (P = 0.016), and 47 of 49 (95.9%) patients with TFF more than 85.5% were alive without recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Peritumoral fat content identified by using IDEAL is associated with LNM and RFS and may therefore be a useful prognostic biomarker for BC.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"112-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11733510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139704353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometrial Cancer: A Daily Clinical Practice Guide for Radiologists.","authors":"Pamela Causa Andrieu, Giacomo Avesani, Stanislas Quesada, Rachel L McPhedran, Francesca Rigiroli, Martina Aineseder, Carolina Chacon, Aki Kido, Stephanie Nougaret","doi":"10.2463/mrms.rev.2025-0004","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.rev.2025-0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometrial cancer (EC) is projected to become the third most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women by 2040, with the most substantial increases observed in non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and Asian populations. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2023 classification introduces key updates, including a refined staging system incorporating molecular markers for improved risk stratification. MRI plays a critical role in treatment planning by evaluating the extent of the disease, determining eligibility for fertility-preserving options, guiding radiotherapy planning, and supporting follow-up care. It is also essential for distinguishing EC from cervical cancer. Notable revisions in the FIGO 2023 staging guidelines focus on assessing myometrial invasion, identifying synchronous or metastatic ovarian tumors, and evaluating peritoneal involvement. Recurrence typically occurs within the first 2 years, with common sites including the vaginal vault and lymph nodes, where MRI remains the preferred imaging modality. While CT is routinely employed to assess metastatic disease, ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET)/CT is valuable for detecting nodal and distant metastases. Additionally, some institutions have begun using ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MRI to evaluate both local recurrence and distant metastases, offering a more integrated approach for EC follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":"24 3","pages":"387-402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12402654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of T1 Mapping in the Non-invasive Assessment of Renal Pathologic Injury for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.","authors":"Wei Mao, Yuqin Ding, Xiaoqiang Ding, Caixia Fu, Bohong Cao, Dominik Nickel, Jianjun Zhou, Mengsu Zeng","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0027","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate renal function and pathologic injury in chronic kidney disease (CKD) using T1 mapping.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited fifteen healthy volunteers (HV) and seventy-five CKD patients to undergo T1 mapping examination, and renal parenchymal T1 values were measured. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relevance between the pathologic injury score, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and renal parenchymal T1 values. The diagnostic efficiency of T1 value in evaluating renal pathologic impairment was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all subjects, renal cortical T1 value was remarkably lower than renal medullary T1 value (P < 0.01). The renal medullary T1 value of HV was considerably lower than that of CKD patients in all stages (P < 0.05). The T1 values were negatively correlated with eGFR (cortex, r = -0.718; medulla, r = -0.645). The T1 values were positively correlated with glomerular injury score (cortex, r = 0.692; medulla, r = 0.632), tubulointerstitial injury score (cortex, r = 0.758; medulla, r = 0.690) (all P < 0.01). The area under the curve (AUC) of renal cortical and medullary T1 values were 0.914 and 0.880 to distinguish moderate-severe from mild renal injury groups. To differentiate mild renal injury group from control group, the AUC values of renal cortical and medullary T1 values were 0.879 and 0.856.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>T1 mapping has potential application value in non-invasively assessing renal pathologic injury in CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"78-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11733501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139033136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Surrounding Magnetic Environment of Temporal Bone on the Fluid Signal Intensity in Human Inner Ear Using a Combined T2 Preparation Pulse and Fluid Attenuated Inversion Pulse Technique.","authors":"Nobuyasu Ichinose, Kentaro Haraoka, Takaya Mori, Masanori Ozaki, Akira Taniguchi","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0074","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Recently, the utility of non-contrast MR endolymphatic hydrops imaging was reported, but the pitfall was indicated based on T2 preparation pulse sensitiveness to local static magnetic field (B0) inhomogeneity. The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of surrounding magnetic environment of temporal bone to lymphatic fluid signal intensity on the T2 preparation and fluid attenuated inversion recovery pulse combination (T2prep 3D-FLAIR) technique in human inner ear study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prepared a custom-made phantom comprising a chicken leg bone submersed in saline. To evaluate signal characteristics of saline close to bone, multiple TE gradient echoes, T2 relaxation time measurement, and T2prep 3D-FLAIR image were acquired. In the vicinity of the vestibule of a healthy volunteer, similar examinations were executed. Additionally, to investigate the influence of the magnetic environment from B0, the evaluation was performed in five head position settings relative to B0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both the phantom case and volunteer case, together with T2 star signal intensity attenuation, T2 relaxation time shortening was observed on fluid around bone. Specifically, at the outer edge in the vestibule and cochlea of the volunteer, T2 relaxation time was shorter than that of center of vestibule and that of cochlea. In the T2prep 3D-FLAIR image, higher signal intensity was observed at the same location on the outer edge of them. These results showed that bone affects surrounding fluid magnetic environment. Also, for B0 influence, despite a large area variation ratio, there is no statistically significant difference correlated to orientation within B0.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The surrounding magnetic environment of the temporal bone affects lymphatic fluid signals of the peripheral part of the human inner ear on T2prep 3D-FLAIR technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"35-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11733505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71430643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low b-value Diffusion Tensor Imaging to Analyze the Dynamics of Cerebrospinal Fluid: Resolving Intravoxel Pseudorandom Motion into Ordered and Disordered Motions.","authors":"Yoshitaka Bito, Hisaaki Ochi, Ryuji Shirase, Wataru Yokohama, Kuniaki Harada, Kohsuke Kudo","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0081","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics may be beneficial for understanding the mechanisms and diagnosis of several neurological diseases. Low b-value diffusion tensor imaging (low-b DTI) is useful for observing the slow and complex motion of the CSF. Theoretically, a mathematical framework suggests that low-b DTI provides the variance of the pseudorandom motion of the CSF. Furthermore, low-b DTI could provide comprehensive information on fluid dynamics. Accordingly, we proposed an analysis technique that resolves intravoxel pseudorandom motion into ordered (linear) and disordered (random) motions based on the mathematical framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The proposed analysis technique helps measure low-b DTI with multiple diffusion times and linearly fits its mean diffusivity (MD) with the diffusion time to obtain two parameters, double-slope V_v and y-intersect D_r, which represent the variance of the velocity distribution of linear motion and the diffusion coefficient of random motion, respectively. Seven healthy subjects were scanned to evaluate the proposed technique and investigate fluid dynamics in several representative ROIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The obtained data showed the validity of the technique, repeatability, and consistency across the subjects in ROIs, such as the lateral ventricle (LV), third ventricle (3V), fourth ventricle (4V), and Sylvian fissure (SF). The obtained parameters V_v and D_r highlighted different characteristics of fluid dynamics in the representative ROIs: low V_v and low D_r in the LV, high V_v and moderate D_r in the 3V, and moderate V_v and moderate D_r in the 4V and SF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed analysis technique will facilitate a comprehensive investigation of the complex dynamics of the CSF using resolved parameters representing ordered and disordered motions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"46-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11733514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71416391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Risk Management and Screening for Women at Increased Risk of Breast Cancer: The Role of MR Imaging and Personalised Approaches.","authors":"Akane Ohashi, Daniel Förnvik, Ylva Bengtsson, Sophia Zackrisson, Masako Kataoka","doi":"10.2463/mrms.rev.2025-0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.rev.2025-0056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review focuses on the management of women at high risk for breast cancer, particularly those with pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2, who face elevated lifetime risks. We explore preventive strategies such as risk-reducing surgeries and enhanced screening methods, including MRI. MRI has proved to be an effective tool in early cancer detection, particularly in high-risk populations, and represents a shift toward more personalized and precise screening protocols. Considering the rise in awareness and progress in genetic testing, there is a growing demand for tailored screening methods that balance efficacy, accessibility, and sustainability. Technological advances have resulted in the availability of a range of screening options, and this review highlights the potential for continued innovation in clinical practice and the adoption of strategies that take individual risk factors into account to improve long-term outcomes in breast cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":"24 3","pages":"403-418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145287969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Reproducibility of the ADC and Distortion in Diffusion-weighted Imaging (DWI) with Reverse Encoding Distortion Correction (RDC).","authors":"Hitomi Numamoto, Koji Fujimoto, Kanae Kawai Miyake, Yasutaka Fushimi, Sachi Okuchi, Rimika Imai, Hiroki Kondo, Tsuneo Saga, Yuji Nakamoto","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0102","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare image distortion and reproducibility of quantitative values between reverse encoding distortion correction (RDC) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and conventional DWI techniques in a phantom study and in healthy volunteers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study was conducted with the approval of our institutional review board. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant. RDC-DWIs were created from images obtained at 3T in three orthogonal directions in a phantom and in 10 participants (mean age, 70.9 years; age range, 63-83 years). Images without distortion correction (noDC-DWI) and those corrected with B0 (B0c-DWI) were also created. To evaluate distortion, coefficients of variation were calculated for each voxel and ROIs were placed at four levels of the brain. To evaluate the reproducibility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements, intra- and inter-scan variability (%CV_ADC) were calculated from repeated scans of the phantom. Analysis was performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the phantom, distortion was less in RDC-DWI than in B0c-DWI (P < 0.006), and was less in B0c-DWI than in noDC-DWI (P < 0.006). Intra-scan %CV_ADC was within 1.30%, and inter-scan %CV_ADC was within 2.99%. In the volunteers, distortion was less in RDC-DWI than in B0c-DWI in three of four locations (P < 0.006), and was less in B0c-DWI than in noDC-DWI (P < 0.006). At the middle cerebellar peduncle, distortion was less in RDC-DWI than in noDC-DWI (P < 0.006), and was less in noDC-DWI than in B0c-DWI (P < 0.0177).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In both the phantom and in volunteers, distortion was the least in RDC-DWI than in B0c-DWI and noDC-DWI.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"66-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11733504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89721421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Hip Periprosthetic Joint Infection with Metal-artifact-reduction MR Imaging.","authors":"Tsutomu Inaoka, Masayuki Sugeta, Tomoya Nakatsuka, Shusuke Kasuya, Rumiko Ishikawa, Yoshiya Sugiura, Arata Nakajima, Koichi Nakagawa, Akinori Yamamoto, Hitoshi Terada","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0028","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the significant findings of hip periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) using metal-artifact-reduction (MAR) MRI and to compare the MRI results to other clinical markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The results of MRI, including two-dimensional fast-spin echo sequences with increased bandwidth and multi-acquisition variable-resonance image combination selective for hips with orthopedic implants at 1.5T (from April 2014 to November 2021), were retrospectively assessed for imaging findings and diagnostic impressions by two radiologists. Clinical data and courses were also investigated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the significant MRI findings in patients with hip PJI and those who underwent surgical intervention. The MRI impressions were compared with other clinical markers in diagnosing hip PJI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-seven hip joints in 24 Asian patients (age = 73.9 ± 10.8 years; 18 females) were included. Twelve hip joints (32%) had PJI; seven underwent a surgical intervention. The significant findings for hip PJI included periosteal edema of the acetabulum, intermuscular edema, intramuscular fluid collection, and lymphadenopathy (P < 0.05). In the cases with surgical intervention, the significant findings included capsular distension, capsular thickening, an osteolysis-like pattern of the femur, subcutaneous fluid collection, and lymphadenopathy (P < 0.05). The MRI impressions had high diagnostic significance for both hip PJI cases and those with surgical intervention (P < 0.001). The MRI impression was more significant for hip PJI than the other clinical markers (P < 0.05), while the other clinical markers were more significant in the cases with surgical intervention (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The significant findings in the hip PJI cases included acetabular periosteal edema, intermuscular edema, intramuscular fluid collection, and lymphadenopathy. The significant findings in the cases with surgical intervention included capsular distention, capsular thickening, a femoral osteolysis-like pattern, subcutaneous fluid collection, and lymphadenopathy. The utilization of MAR MRI demonstrated great diagnostic significance for hip PJI.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"20-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11733511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139486876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Verifying the Accuracy of Hemodynamic Analysis Using High Spatial Resolution 3D Phase-contrast MR Imaging on a 7T MR System: Comparison with a 3T System.","authors":"Shunsuke Tajima, Haruo Isoda, Masaki Fukunaga, Yoshiaki Komori, Shinji Naganawa, Norihiro Sadato","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0016","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Hemodynamics is important in the initiation, growth, and rupture of intracranial aneurysms. Since intracranial aneurysms are small, a high-field MR system with high spatial resolution and high SNR is desirable for this hemodynamic analysis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the accuracy of MR fluid dynamic (MRFD) results based on 3D phase-contrast MR (3D PC MR, non-electrocardiogram[ECG]-gated 4D Flow MRI) data from a human cerebrovascular phantom and human healthy subjects obtained by a 7T MR system was superior to those by a 3T MR system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>3D PC MR and 3D time of flight MR angiography (3D TOF MRA) imaging were performed on a 3T MR system and a 7T MR system for a human cerebrovascular phantom and 10 healthy human subjects, and MRFD analysis was performed using these data. The MRFD results from each MR system were then compared with the following items based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results: 3D velocity vector field; correlation coefficient (R), angular similarity index (ASI), and magnitude similarity index (MSI) of blood flow velocity vectors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the MRFD results of 3D velocity vectors of the cerebrovascular phantom, noise-like vectors were observed near the vascular wall on the 3T MR system, but no noise was observed on the 7T MR system, showing results similar to those of CFD. In the MRFD results of the cerebrovascular phantom and healthy subjects, the correlation coefficients R, ASI, and MSI of the 7T MR system were higher than those of the 3T MR system, and ASI and MSI of healthy human subjects were significantly different between the two systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The accuracy of high spatial resolution MRFD using the 7T MR system exceeded that of the 3T MR system.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"88-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11733508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138833779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface-based Analyses of Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Relationship with Onset Subtypes.","authors":"Kouhei Kamiya, Sayori Hanashiro, Osamu Kano, Wataru Uchida, Koji Kamagata, Shigeki Aoki, Masaaki Hori","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0138","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Here, we aimed to characterize the cortical and subcortical microstructural alterations in the brains of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In particular, we compared these features between bulbar-onset ALS (b-ALS) and limb-onset ALS (l-ALS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diffusion MRI data (b = 0, 700, 2000 ms/mm², 1.7-mm isotropic voxel) from 28 patients with ALS (9 b-ALS and 19 l-ALS) and 17 healthy control subjects (HCs) were analyzed. Diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) metrics were sampled at the mid-cortical and subcortical surfaces. We used permutation testing with a nonparametric combination of mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean kurtosis (MK) to assess intergroup differences over the cerebrum. We also carried out an atlas-based analysis focusing on Brodmann Area 4 and 6 (primary motor and premotor areas) and investigated the correlation between MRI metrics and clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At both the mid-cortical and subcortical surfaces, b-ALS was associated with significantly greater MD, smaller FA, and smaller MK in the motor and premotor areas than HC. In contrast, the patients with l-ALS showed relatively moderate differences relative to HCs. The ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised bulbar subscore was significantly correlated with the diffusion metrics in Brodmann Area 4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The distribution of abnormalities over the cerebral hemispheres and the more severe microstructural alteration in b-ALS compared to l-ALS were in good agreement with findings from postmortem histology. Our results suggest the feasibility of surface-based DKI analyses for exploring brain microstructural pathologies in ALS. The observed differences between b-ALS and l-ALS and their correlations with functional bulbar impairment support the clinical relevance of DKI measurement in the cortical and juxtacortical regions of patients with ALS.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"122-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11733509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139725510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}