Cancer Cytopathology最新文献

{"title":"Counseling gap may worsen endometrial cancer disparities in Black women","authors":"Bryn Nelson PhD, William Faquin MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22928","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncy.22928","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cancer of the endometrium, or the lining of the uterus, is the most common gynecologic cancer. Its incidence is accelerating, especially in younger women and among racial and ethnic minorities; it is one of the few cancers with worsening mortality rates.<span><sup>1</sup></span> The trend is most pronounced in Black women, who are two-fold more likely to die of endometrial cancer than their White counterparts.</p><p>Research has shown that mutations in dozens of cancer predisposition genes, or germline pathogenic variants, can increase the risk. A recent study that grouped 1625 women with endometrial cancer by self-reported race, ethnicity, and Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry, however, has pointed to a more troubling contributor to disparities in patient outcomes. Although the genetic mutation rates were lowest in women who identified as being Black or of African ancestry, so too were their rates of genetic counseling, which could help them to assess treatment options.<span><sup>2</sup></span>\u0000 </p><p>The study, led by oncologist Ying Liu, MD, MPH, at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, suggests that the counseling disparities also could dampen subsequent counseling rates for at-risk relatives. Social determinants then could be making endometrial cancer morbidity and mortality disparities worse in Black women despite a genetic contribution to risk that is equivalent to or lower than that in White women.</p><p>Given the growing use of such germline assessments, Dr Liu and her colleagues emphasize the need to understand variations related to patients’ ancestry, correlations between genetic findings and tumor traits, and “downstream implications on treatment and cancer prevention and the potential contribution to racial disparities in outcomes.”</p><p>Oladapo Yeku, MD, PhD, assistant professor of medicine at Harvard University, says that he is not surprised by Dr Liu’s findings “but very concerned because it gave numbers to some of the things that a lot of doctors in the community and academic centers have known for some time.” Many physicians had sensed that women in underserved communities were not getting appropriate referrals for genetic counseling. “But it was hard to get a number on it; it hadn’t been rigorously studied,” Dr Yeku says. “What this single institution report did was actually put some numbers to what some people had feared the whole time.”</p><p>The referral gap is even more concerning because tumor mutation testing and guideline-based recommendations for managing newly diagnosed, advanced, and recurrent endometrial cancer generally have increased in availability. As Dr Yeku wrote in an editorial accompanying the study, “disparities in testing, referral to clinical genetics, and participation in clinical trials are persistent contributors to poor outcomes in this patient population.”<span><sup>3</sup></span>\u0000 </p><p>Lack of access, in fact, has been a consistent theme in multiple aspects of care ","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncy.22928","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Same-day molecular testing for targetable mutations in solid tumor cytopathology—The next frontier of the rapid on-site evaluation","authors":"J. Bryan Iorgulescu MD, MPH,&nbsp;Richard Kenneth Yang MD, PhD,&nbsp;Sinchita Roy-Chowdhuri MD, PhD,&nbsp;Gloria Hopkins Sura MD","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22930","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncy.22930","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to assess the feasibility of implementing the Idylla system, an ultra-rapid, cartridge-based assay, as an extension of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) in cytology. The authors conducted a pilot validation study on specimens from non–small cell lung carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, and melanoma, evaluating four assays designed to detect alterations in <i>KRAS</i>, <i>EGFR</i>, <i>BRAF</i>, gene fusions, and expression imbalances in <i>ALK</i>, <i>ROS1</i>, <i>RET</i>, <i>NTRK</i>1/2/3, and <i>MET</i> exon 14 skipping transcripts. They investigated the feasibility of providing accurate biomarker molecular testing results in a cytopathology laboratory within hours of specimen collection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The authors evaluated the performance characteristics and turn-around-time of the Idylla system by testing a total of 144 cartridge assays across various specimen types, including fine-needle aspirate smears, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cell blocks, small tissue biopsy FFPE blocks, and control cell line FFPE scrolls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The average time from specimen input to results output was 2–3 hours. Accuracy across the four cartridge types was: <i>KRAS</i> assay: 100%, <i>EGFR</i> assay: 94%, <i>BRAF</i> assay: 100%, and GeneFusion assay: 94%. Analytical sensitivity ranged from 1% to 5% variant allele frequency for all assays. Inter-assay precision and analytical specificity were both 100%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the Idylla system, actionable genetic alterations can be reliably detected within 2–3 hours from cytology and small biopsy samples with minimal input requirements. The findings of this study demonstrate the feasibility of incorporating same-day molecular testing as part of ROSE procedures in the cytopathology laboratory, ultimately shortening the time from procedure to personalized treatment for cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State pathology societies—valuable resources for trainees","authors":"Myles R. McCrary MD, PHD,&nbsp;Carmen Gomez-Fernandez MD","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22926","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncy.22926","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The importance of large, national/international organizations like the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and the US and Canadian Academy of Pathology for resident and fellow training cannot be overstated. However, many opportunities also exist at the locoregional level, such as pathology state societies, which vary widely in size, structure, and level of engagement but can provide valuable resources and networking opportunities for trainees. What are some specific resources, initiatives, and mechanisms that might be beneficial for local, state, and regional pathology society groups to enhance trainee experiences? The Florida Society of Pathologists (FSP) enjoys a long history of representing the interests of Florida pathologists and is an impressive example of a large state society. Key areas addressed for residents and fellows who participate in the FSP include engagement, networking, education, and advocacy. Here, we summarize several programs and initiatives that the FSP has pursued to cater to the needs of Florida's resident/fellow trainees, and we hope that this information will benefit other locoregional and state societies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11695265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid on-site evaluation using telecytology: Quality assurance study at a high-volume cancer center","authors":"Mohamed Alhamar MD,&nbsp;Dorota Rudomina MBA, CT (ASCP),&nbsp;Lu Wang BS, CT (ASCP),&nbsp;Rusmir Feratovic MHA, CT (ASCP),&nbsp;Handy Oen MBA, CT, MB (ASCP),&nbsp;Oscar Lin MD, PhD,&nbsp;Xiao-Jun Wei MD","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22929","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncy.22929","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Telecytology-assisted rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) offers a cost-effective method to enhance minimally invasive biopsies like fine needle aspiration and core biopsies with touch preparation. By reducing nondiagnostic sampling and the need for repeat procedures, ROSE via telecytology facilitates prompt triage for ancillary tests, improving patient management. This study examines cases initially deemed adequate for diagnosis during telecytology-assisted ROSE but later categorized as nondiagnostic at final evaluation (NDIS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a retrospective analysis of telecytology-assisted ROSE cases over 7 years at a major cancer center, focusing on fine needle aspiration and touch preparation of core biopsies. Each case was thoroughly reviewed, correlating with clinical data and concurrent core biopsies or subsequent excisions. The study identified leading factors contributing to NDIS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The average NDIS rate was 0.06% (42/70,612). Misinterpretation of benign or reactive cells as neoplastic was the leading cause (76.2%) of discrepancies between original ROSE and final diagnosis. Kidney biopsies had the highest NDIS rate (0.90%), primarily because of misinterpreting nonneoplastic cells. Thyroid biopsies were linked to quantitative threshold issues (0.10%). NDIS events were most associated with misinterpretation in kidney, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and lung biopsies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In conclusion, the NDIS rate in telecytology-assisted ROSE is low, but quality assurance identified areas for improvement. Recognizing site-specific pitfalls during telecytology-assisted ROSE can enhance diagnostic accuracy and optimize patient care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142913704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rapid turnaround time workflow for a cytological liquid biopsy assay using FNA supernatant specimens","authors":"Mohamed H. Maher PharmD, PhD,&nbsp;Dzifa Y. Duose PhD,&nbsp;Ignacio I. Wistuba MD,&nbsp;Rajyalakshmi Luthra MD,&nbsp;Srividya Arjuna PhD,&nbsp;Sinchita Roy Chowdhuri MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22925","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncy.22925","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genomic profiling is essential in the management of non–small cell lung cancer. However, this may often be challenging because of limited cytological tissue and extended turnaround time (TAT) for next-generation sequencing (NGS). This study aims to describe a rapid TAT workflow for molecular profiling using fine-needle aspiration (FNA) supernatants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A fully automated total nucleic acid extraction using the Genexus Integrated System was compared to a manual extraction using FNA supernatants from 50 patients with non–small cell lung cancer. Molecular profiling using the 50 gene Oncomine Precision Assay GX panel was performed and NGS results were compared with those of paired tissue samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The FNA samples processed using the automated Genexus purification system (<i>n</i> = 42) and the manual extraction method (<i>n</i> = 8) showed comparable quality control metrics with a median total nucleic acid yield of 1230 ng (18–17720 ng) and 1068 ng (777–1740 ng), respectively. The Genexus purification system reduced the hands-on time from 120 to 30 minutes, enhancing workflow efficiency and decreasing the overall TAT. Of the 50 samples extracted, NGS was performed on 26 samples: seven via manual extraction and 19 using automated extraction. NGS quality control metrics were also comparable between both extraction methods. The overall TAT of the automated NGS workflow from specimen received to test result was 24 hours, providing rapid and reliable molecular results for timely clinical decision-making and improved patient outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot study of the value of micronucleus count in urinary cytology samples in the follow-up of patients with urothelial carcinoma: Implications for diagnosis and prognosis","authors":"Tuba Dilay Kökenek Ünal MD,&nbsp;Ayşegül Aksoy Altınboğa MD","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22923","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncy.22923","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nuclear protrusions such as micronuclei (MNs) and nuclear budding (NB) are morphological findings of chromosomal instability and indicators of genotoxic damage. They are increased in malignancies, and their high frequency may be used in the diagnosis of cancers and the follow-up of patients. Urothelial carcinomas are common tumors that cause morbidity and mortality, and cytology is a commonly used method for the monitoring and screening of urothelial carcinoma. Although the cytological evaluation of urinary samples is mainly based on nuclear features, there is limited research focusing on MN frequency in urinary cytology. This study aimed to investigate MN and NB counts in various diagnostic categories of urinary samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 117 urinary cytology samples categorized according to The Paris System for Reporting of Urinary Cytology. Two observers, blinded to the diagnosis, counted the frequency of MNs and NB per 1000 cells on May-Grünwald-Giemsa– and Papanicolaou-stained slides.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MN and NB counts significantly differed among the groups (<i>p</i> &lt; .001 for each) with a large effect (Ɛ² = 0.509). MN and NB counts were significantly higher in cases with high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) than in control cases and in cases that were negative for HGUC or with atypical urothelial cells (<i>p</i> &lt; .001 for each). Any MN count greater than 2.5 per 1000 cells indicated HGUC with a 55% sensitivity and 92.4% specificity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Because increased MN and NB frequencies are closely associated with an increased risk of malignancy, these could be integrated into The Paris System for Reporting of Urinary Cytology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The deadliness of loneliness","authors":"Bryn Nelson PhD,&nbsp;William Faquin MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22924","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In May 2023, US Surgeon General Vivek Murthy, MD, MBA, issued a stark health advisory. “Our epidemic of loneliness and isolation has been an underappreciated public health crisis that has harmed individual and societal health,” he asserted. Dr Murthy cited research suggesting that poor social connections increase the risk of depression, anxiety, heart disease, stroke, dementia in older adults, and premature death. The World Health Organization likewise declared loneliness a global health threat in 2023, and other countries have raised the alarm on a problem likely exacerbated by social distancing during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Studies of people who are lonely, socially isolated, or living alone have expanded the potential consequences to include a higher risk of developing and dying of cancer, increasing the urgency of understanding the problem, its contributing factors, and the potential solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Despite the flurry of attention, Frank Infurna, PhD, a professor of psychology at Arizona State University in Tempe, says that the loneliness “epidemic” has been more of an endemic but growing problem in the United States, particularly within the Baby Boomer and Gen X generations. “We’re seeing over multiple generations, over multiple cohorts, that loneliness levels within the US are elevated. So, it’s been a problem not just recently; it’s been a problem for a while,” he says.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kerri Winters-Stone, PhD, an exercise scientist and professor in the Division of Oncological Sciences at the Oregon Health &amp; Science University in Portland, began shifting her work to focus on loneliness among cancer survivors a few years ago. “I think it’s a bigger problem than we’re acknowledging,” she says. If loneliness and isolation should be treated as cancer-abetting threats akin to smoking and the human papillomavirus, however, studies have not yet settled on how to similarly tamp down the danger.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The problem is complicated by related but different kinds of “aloneness.” &lt;i&gt;Social isolation&lt;/i&gt;, for example, refers to a small or nonexistent social network or a lack of meaningful engagement with others, whereas &lt;i&gt;loneliness&lt;/i&gt; refers to a mismatch between desired and actual social connections—the unwanted feeling of being alone or not close to others. “A person can be socially isolated but may not feel lonely, and vice versa,” says Hyunjung Lee, PhD, MS, MPP, MBA, a principal scientist on the American Cancer Society’s Cancer Disparities Research Team (the American Cancer Society publishes &lt;i&gt;Cancer Cytopathology&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Living alone, by contrast, is a more objective measure “that can be easily assessed with a single question on the number of people in the household,” Dr Lee says. “People who live alone are more likely to be socially isolated or feel lonely, although this is not always the case.” Research also suggests that older people are more likely to live alone in the United States than elsewhere around the world—in ","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"132 12","pages":"736-737"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncy.22924","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thin-layer cervical sample evaluation: Conventional light microscopy versus digital whole-slide imaging","authors":"Jessica Viti MSc,&nbsp;Chiara Di Stefano MSc,&nbsp;Serena Giunti MSc,&nbsp;Giampaolo Pompeo MSc,&nbsp;Paola Pezzati MD,&nbsp;Alessandro Terreni MSc,&nbsp;Cristina Sani MSc,&nbsp;The Cytology Working Group","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22921","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncy.22921","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whole-slide imaging (WSI) has been adopted in many fields of pathology for education, quality assurance, and remote diagnostics. In 2021, the College of American Pathologists (CAP) updated guidelines to support pathology laboratories regarding the WSI systems validation process. However, the majority of published literature refers to histopathology rather than cytology. The aim of this study was to compare conventional light microscopy (CLM) and WSI in thin-layer cervical samples evaluation according to CAP guideline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A sample set of 64 thin-layer cervical specimens from women 25–64 years old who participated in cervical cancer screening programs in Tuscany was distributed among five cytologists at Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (Florence, Italy) for CLM analysis. After 2 weeks, the corresponding 64 digitally scanned slides were available at several magnifications for WSI evaluation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Substantial/near perfect agreement between CLM and WSI evaluation (0.77 ≥ κ ≥1) was observed for the negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM) class with concordance rates from 83.3% to 100%.Variability in concordance was observed among all the cytologists: 50%–85.7% for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 47.1%–100% for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 50%–100% for atypical glandular cells (AGCs) favors adenocarcinoma (ADK) with moderate/near perfect agreement (0.47 ≥ κ ≥1). Concordance and agreement rates were also variable within the “borderline” cytological categories of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), atypical squamous cells cannot exclude an HSIL (ASC-H), and AGCs with lower or not computable kappa for some readers. The overall intralaboratory concordance between CLM and WSI was 92.9% with a near perfect agreement (κ = 0.84) for NILM. Substantial agreement (κ ≥0.65) was assessed for LSIL, HSIL/squamous cell carcinoma, AGCs, and ADK categories whereas the agreement was lower (κ ≤0.39) for ASC-US and ASC-H.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study showed an overall substantial/near perfect agreement between CLM and WSI for all the cytological categories except the “borderline” ASC-US and ASC-H. Further progress in cytology WSI systems are needed before introducing it in routine diagnostics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of different HPV genotype viral loads and cervical lesions: A retrospective analysis of 1585 cases","authors":"Yilu Zhou,&nbsp;Jiaxin Liu,&nbsp;Shuai Chen,&nbsp;Xianzhen Xin,&nbsp;Mohan Xiao,&nbsp;Xian Qiang,&nbsp;Lina Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22920","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncy.22920","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To reduce unnecessary examinations and treatments, an effective detection method for differentiating human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive patients is urgently needed. This study aimed to explore the differences in HPV viral loads across various cervical lesions and identify the optimal cutoff value for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study included patients with varying degrees of cervical lesions admitted to a hospital between January 1, 2023, and March 1, 2024. The HPV genotype and viral load were determined using BioPerfectus multiplex real-time assay. The differences in HPV genotype viral loads among cervical lesion classifications were analyzed to identify the most applicable type of viral load.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The viral loads of HPV16, HPV31, HPV33, HPV35, and HPV58 were significantly associated with the grade of cervical lesions (<i>p</i> &lt; .05), with the HPV16 group exhibiting the strongest correlation (<i>p</i> &lt; .01). The HPV16 viral load demonstrated good sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) for predicting HSIL (Se = 81.52%, Sp = 64.13%). The three most prevalent HPV genotypes associated with negative, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) and HSILs were HPV16, HPV52, and HPV58. HPV33 exhibited the highest prevalence of HSILs, followed by HPV16.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-risk HPV viral load is associated with cervical lesion classification. HPV16 viral load can effectively differentiate HSIL from LSIL with good Se and Sp.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11695744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-needle aspiration and effusion cytology of thoracic SMARCA4–deficient undifferentiated tumor and SMARCA4-deficient non–small cell lung carcinoma: A multi-institutional experience with 27 patients","authors":"Nicole Zalles MD, PhD,&nbsp;Sanjay Mukhopadhyay MD,&nbsp;Swati Satturwar MD,&nbsp;Sigfred Lajara MD,&nbsp;Samer Khader MD,&nbsp;Liron Pantanowitz MD,&nbsp;Tarik M. Elsheikh MD","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22919","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncy.22919","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thoracic switch/sucrose nonfermentable–related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 4 (SMARCA4)–deficient (SD) malignancies, including SD undifferentiated tumor (SD-UT) and SD non–small cell lung carcinoma (SD-NSCLC), have been recently described. The cytologic features of these neoplasms in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and effusion specimens have rarely been reported in the literature. This study aimed to describe and compare the spectrum of cytologic, immunohistochemical, and clinical features of these high-grade malignancies recently encountered at the participating institutions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study documented clinical and imaging characteristics of tumors from 27 patients. Sixteen cytomorphologic features and immunohistochemical findings were compared between SD-UT and SD-NSCLC samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty three FNAs, two bronchial brushings, and two pleural fluids were evaluated, including 17 SD-UT cases (mean patient age, 70 years) and 10 SD-NSCLC cases (mean patient age, 62 years). Both malignancies presented with large thoracic masses and/or hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy. All SD-UT cytologic samples had a discohesive or mixed cohesive–discohesive architecture, and most (13 of 17) showed predominant rhabdoid or mixed rhabdoid–epithelioid features. Most SD-NSCLC cytologic samples (nine of 10) were either cohesive or mixed cohesive–discohesive and had a predominantly epithelioid morphology (eight of 10). Keratins and claudin-4 were negative or focally positive in SD-UT samples, whereas they were diffusely positive in SD-NSCLC samples. Both malignancies were negative for TTF-1 and p40/p63 and showed loss of expression of SMARCA4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although there is considerable clinical and cytopathologic overlap between SD-UT and SD-NSCLC, some key features allow for their distinction. SD-UT is mostly discohesive with rhabdoid or mixed rhabdoid–epithelioid features, whereas SD-NSCLC often has cohesive epithelioid morphology. The combination of clinical presentation, cytomorphology, and immunohistochemistry is essential for a definitive diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11695706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}