Cancer Cytopathology最新文献

{"title":"Researchers confront a rising tide of cancer misinformation","authors":"Bryn Nelson PhD, William Faquin MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22909","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cncy.22909","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Some online articles have suggested, without evidence, that high-dose infusions of vitamin C can cure cancer. Others have promised, falsely, that baking soda can cure prostate cancer or that cannabis oil can cure breast or lung cancer. Well before ivermectin was infamously touted as an (ineffective) intervention for the coronavirus disease 2019, a podcast wrongly asserted that the antiparasitic medication offered a cancer cure.</p><p>Experts have long warned of the noxious effects of online misinformation aimed at swaying elections and public opinion. The swirl of misinformation around cancer treatment and prevention may be less well studied, but researchers have begun raising alarms about the considerable harm that can come from advice that is, in some cases, literally toxic.</p><p>Skyler Johnson, MD, an assistant professor of radiation oncology at the University of Utah’s Huntsman Cancer Institute in Salt Lake City, experienced the phenomenon firsthand when his wife was diagnosed with cancer in 2011 while he was still in medical school. The couple encountered so many fact-free claims and false assertions online that Dr Johnson decided to study the effects of this flood of bad advice. Even after his wife was declared cancer-free, he realized that such misinformation, even from well-meaning friends and relatives, can lead to serious and avoidable harm.</p><p>Most disturbingly, he discovered, it can kill. In a highly cited study, Dr Johnson and his colleagues found that patients who relied entirely on unproven alternative cancer therapies were significantly more likely to die within 5 years than patients who used conventional treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, and surgery.<span><sup>1</sup></span> For a subset of patients with breast or colorectal cancer who used alternative medicine, the mortality risk jumped roughly 5-fold. No matter how advanced cancer treatments might be, he says, “if patients aren’t willing to take those treatments, then we’ve done no good.”</p><p>When she read Dr Johnson’s study, Briony Swire-Thompson, PhD, director of the Psychology of Misinformation Lab in the Network Science Institute at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts, had an epiphany. The cognitive psychologist had previously studied general and political misinformation, but she immediately understood the unique challenge posed by cancer misinformation. “That was, I think, an aha moment where I realized this is a topic where belief really has impact in people’s lives,” she says.</p><p>Dr Swire-Thompson characterizes <i>misinformation</i> as an umbrella term for all false information and <i>disinformation</i> as a subset of false information that is spread deliberately. The high anxiety accompanying a cancer diagnosis, coupled with cognitive fatigue and the fear of side effects from chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery, she notes, can make a patient more susceptible to a huckster trying to capitalize financially. “People are wi","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"132 10","pages":"603-604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncy.22909","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of rapid on-site evaluation during bronchoscopy for lung cancer: A comprehensive meta-analysis","authors":"Cheng-Chieh Chen, Shou-Cheng Lu, Yu-Kang Chang, Chyi-Huey Bai, Ke-Yu Hsiao, Kang-Yun Lee, Yuan-Hung Wang","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22908","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Screening high-risk populations for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces lung cancer mortality. Bronchoscopy is a diagnostic procedure used to monitor patients suspected of having lung cancer after LDCT. Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) can improve the diagnostic accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound–guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), although its diagnostic value remains unclear. In this meta-analysis, the authors evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of ROSE during bronchoscopy.","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk stratification of ThyroSeq results in indeterminate thyroid lesions: A single-institution experience of clinicopathologic correlation with cytologic findings","authors":"Wen-Yu Hsiao, Nabil F. Saba, Daniel Lubin, Amy Chen, Qiuying Shi","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22905","url":null,"abstract":"ThyroSeq offers the opportunity to stratify the risk of malignancy (ROM) in the characterization of indeterminate thyroid nodules, especially those categorized as atypia of undetermined significance (AUS). However, whether ThyroSeq interpretations correlate with cytologic features, management, and surgical outcome remains unclear.","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Writing our way through academia: Our journey as young faculty and book authors","authors":"Terrance James Lynn, Swikrity U. Baskota","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22902","url":null,"abstract":"<h3> Barriers to scholarly writing and publishing in academic medicine</h3>\u0000<p>A recent College of American Pathologists survey indicated that the demand for pathologists has grown and is strong, because nearly one half of all respondents were seeking to hire at least one pathologist over the past decade.<span><sup>1</sup></span> As the shortage of pathologists and increasing workload continue to grow, finding the time and/or building the necessary scholarly writing skills in academia can be difficult. Previous researchers have identified several barriers to scholarly writing and publishing across various specialties in medicine.<span><sup>2</sup></span> Such barriers include inexperience in writing for scholarly publication, lack of confidence and writing-related anxiety, sensitivity to reviewers' feedback, and perceptions that publishing is optional but not required at their institution.<span><sup>2, 3</sup></span> One way to reduce barriers is to encourage scholarly activity and publishing during medical school. A 2019 study reported that medical students who had published before graduation were more likely to publish more after graduation.<span><sup>4</sup></span> In addition, opportunities to publish during residency could occur with the right mentoring from faculty in graduate medical education training programs.</p>\u0000<p>It is also very easy to get discouraged when a paper is returned with lengthy comments from reviewers. This is especially true for young faculty trying to prove their worth to their institution and to themselves. Imposter syndrome is a frequent experience and certainly can be exacerbated by reviewers' comments. On the flip side, knowing when to challenge certain comments/feedback from reviewers is a delicate process that requires couth diplomacy.</p>\u0000<h3> Learning from the right mentor</h3>\u0000<p>As trainees and now young faculty members, both of us have been fortunate to have been mentored by some phenomenal mentors. These mentors demonstrated excellence through significant contributions to the field of cytopathology. There is something special about learning from the textbook that a mentor has written and having the opportunity to learn under that same individual. One <i>critical value</i> in a mentor is their ability to provide honest, timely, and constructive feedback. This feedback opens the door to building the mentee–mentor relationship. In addition to this, a mentor should be committed to the trainee and guide them through the process. In many ways, we were lucky because our mentors also afforded us the opportunity to co-author several articles with them during our time as trainees and even afterward. Another <i>critical value</i> of a mentor is the willingness to push the mentee to more ambitious goals. Without this added push, it is often difficult to grow into what you as a mentee are capable of.</p>\u0000<h3> Writing an article versus writing a textbook</h3>\u0000<p>A first and easy step to authorship is to start from writing","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome 1 expression in breast and nonbreast metastases from Müllerian, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreatic primary tumors by immunohistochemistry with cytology cell block specimens","authors":"Deepak Donthi, Qiong Gan, Qing Qing Ding, Savitri Krishnamurthy","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22901","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundTrichorhinophalangeal syndrome 1 (TRPS1) expression in primary breast and other solid tumors has been investigated but its role as a marker in metastatic tumors is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of TRPS1 as a breast cancer immunomarker in metastatic tumors that originated from breast, Müllerian, lung, gastrointestinal (GI), and pancreatic primary tumors with cell blocks from fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) and effusion specimens.MethodsCell blocks were immunostained with anti‐TRPS1 monoclonal antibody (clone EPR16171). Histochemical scores (H scores) (proportion × intensity; range, 0–300) were assigned; H scores of ≥10 were considered positive. Overall, 160 specimens were examined, including 127 FNAs (35 breast, 25 Müllerian, 36 lung, and 31 GI and pancreatic carcinomas) and 33 effusion specimens (18 breast, 12 Müllerian, one lung, and two GI carcinomas).ResultsTRPS1 was positive in 51 of 53 (96%) metastatic breast carcinomas and in 28 of 107 (26.2%) nonbreast metastatic tumors. Metastatic breast carcinoma showed the highest mean H score of 247.35, compared to 45.36 in Müllerian, 8.4 in lung, and 5.88 in GI tumors. The sensitivity and specificity of TRPS1 for identifying a breast origin in metastatic tumors was 96.22% and 72.89%, respectively.ConclusionsDespite high overall sensitivity, TRPS1 showed lower specificity as a breast immunomarker because of its expression in nonbreast tumors. The mean H score in nonbreast tumors was significantly lower than in metastatic breast tumors. It is important to recognize the broad range of expression of TRPS1 in metastatic breast and nonbreast tumors to avoid an incorrect determination of a metastatic tumor’s organ of origin.","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142227082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parsing the thyroid cytopathology suspicious for malignancy diagnosis through molecular‐derived risk of malignancy and other related parameters: Insights into nodule characteristics and practice patterns","authors":"David Starr, Youley Tjendra, Jaylou M. Velez Torres, Carmen Gomez‐Fernandez, Samer N. Khader, Esra Karslioglu‐French, Linwah Yip, Sally E. Carty, John M. Skaugen, Yuri E. Nikiforov, Raja R. Seethala, N. Paul Ohori","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22904","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionThyroid cytopathology cases with suspicious for malignancy (SFM) diagnosis often result in resection. However, molecular testing offers details that may provide additional insights. In this study, the molecular profiles of SFM cases from two institutions that routinely used ThyroSeq v3 (TSV3) were examined.Materials and MethodsFollowing institutional review board approval, SFM thyroid cytopathology cases with TSV3 results were retrieved from the databases of two institutions. Molecular information including molecular‐derived risk of malignancy (MDROM), cytologic‐histologic correlation data, and other related parameters were calculated. Statistical comparisons were made with a <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt;.05 considered significant.ResultsThe core data set comprised 114 SFM cases that passed TSV3 quality assurance. All TSV3 results were reported as positive or negative for genomic alterations and all except five cases provided a probability of malignancy estimate. The overall combined baseline MDROM of 75.7% (95% CI, 70.0–81.4) was comparable to the risk of malignancy (74%) published in the Bethesda System. There was a statistically significant difference between the combined MDROMs of resected and unresected cohorts (79.0% vs 58.6%; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .0153). Interestingly, the MDROMs of the resected cohorts from the two institutions were statistically different (75.0% vs 85.3%; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .020). Cytologic–histologic correlation revealed malignant outcome in 88.5% of resected cases.ConclusionsMolecular analyses of SFM cases demonstrated higher risk genomic alterations that were associated with histologically overt neoplasms, resulting in increased malignancy outcome compared to baseline. MDROM analysis revealed differences in the cytopathologic practice patterns regarding follicular‐patterned neoplasms at the two institutions.","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"75 9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142218002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing trainee engagement and laboratory feedback during an internal laboratory inspection","authors":"Marlo Dilks, Allison Goldberg","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22906","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The inadequacy of laboratory management training has long been reported in the literature,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1-4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; with various suggestions on ways to improve this aspect of pathology education and better prepare our trainees for the work of a staff pathologist.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5-8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education) milestones directly reflect this educational need and include a requirement of participation in an internal or external laboratory inspection to reach level four, the goal level for graduation, in the residency milestone &lt;i&gt;Systems-based practice 5: Accreditation, compliance, and quality (AP/CP)&lt;/i&gt;. There are similar requirements for many of the pathology fellowships, including &lt;i&gt;Systems-based practice 4: Accreditation, compliance, and quality&lt;/i&gt; for blood banking/transfusion medicine, chemical pathology, cytopathology, dermatopathology, forensic pathology, hematopathology, medical microbiology, neuropathology, and pediatric pathology and &lt;i&gt;Systems-based practice 5: Accreditation, compliance, and quality&lt;/i&gt; in molecular genetic pathology&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (for a description of milestones by level, seeTable 1). Furthermore, such participation has long been part of &lt;i&gt;laboratory management&lt;/i&gt; curricula.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;div&gt;\u0000&lt;header&gt;&lt;span&gt;TABLE 1. &lt;/span&gt;Summary of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education accreditation, compliance, and quality milestones by level, with level 4 set as graduation level.&lt;/header&gt;\u0000&lt;div tabindex=\"0\"&gt;\u0000&lt;table&gt;\u0000&lt;tbody&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td rowspan=\"2\"&gt;Level 1&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Demonstrates knowledge that all laboratories must be accredited&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;/tr&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Discusses the need for quality control and proficiency testing&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;/tr&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td rowspan=\"2\"&gt;Level 2&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Demonstrates knowledge of the components of laboratory accreditation and regulatory compliance through either training or experience&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;/tr&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Interprets quality data and charts and trends, including proficiency testing results, with assistance&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;/tr&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td rowspan=\"3\"&gt;Level 3&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Identifies the differences between accreditation and regulatory compliance; discusses the process for achieving accreditation and maintaining regulatory compliance&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;/tr&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Demonstrates knowledge of the components of a laboratory quality management plan&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;/tr&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Discusses implications of proficiency testing failures&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;/tr&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td rowspan=\"3\"&gt;Level 4&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Participates in an internal or external laboratory inspection&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;/tr&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Reviews the quality management plan to identify areas for improvement&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;/tr&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Performs analysis and review of proficiency testing failures and recommends a course of action, with oversight&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;/tr&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td rowspan=\"3\"&gt;Level 5&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Serves as a resource for accreditation at the regional or national level&lt;/td&gt;\u0000&lt;/tr&gt;\u0000&lt;tr&gt;\u0000&lt;td&gt;• Creates and follows a comprehensive quality management plan&lt;/td&gt;","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142227083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytologic diagnosis of papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity","authors":"Sarah J. Wu, Andrew A. Renshaw, Peter M. Sadow, Navin R. Mahadevan, Michelle S. Hirsch, Murugesan Manoharan, Edmund S. Cibas","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22903","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundPapillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity is a recently recognized low‐grade neoplasm with a favorable prognosis. To date, its cytologic features have not been well documented.MethodsTwo patients with papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity sampled by fine needle aspiration and core needle biopsy are described, one of whom is under active surveillance without clinical progression and the other is alive and well 16 years after partial nephrectomy.ResultsThe cytologic features included a mix of papillae and dispersed cells with abundant oncocytic cytoplasm and round, bland nuclei apically displaced away from the papillary core. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for GATA3 in both cases. Molecular studies on one of the cases showed a <jats:italic>KRAS</jats:italic> p.G12V mutation.ConclusionsThe cytologic features of this distinctive, indolent neoplasm are important to recognize because patients with papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity may be excellent candidates for partial nephrectomy or even active surveillance.","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrieving new clues about a dog breed’s “insane” cancer risk","authors":"Bryn Nelson PhD,&nbsp;William Faquin MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22899","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Golden retrievers, consistently among the most popular dog breeds in the United States, are known as playful and family-friendly companions that are eager to please. A large longitudinal study, now in its 12th year, has revealed an additional, devastating trait: three of every four documented retriever deaths so far have been linked to cancer—by far the highest rate for any breed and among the highest rates of any animal. Of those cancer deaths, 70% are due to hemangiosarcoma, an aggressive blood vessel malignancy that is almost always fatal except for an uncommon cutaneous subtype.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;If cuddlier than the unusually cancer-resistant rodents known as naked mole-rats, golden retrievers are at the opposite end of the susceptibility spectrum, making them another focal point of research. Teasing out cancer-associated factors, researchers say, could help to improve the beloved dogs’ longevity—as well as our own.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Denver-based Morris Animal Foundation launched the biggest research effort to date, the Golden Retriever Lifetime Study, in 2012.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Veterinary researchers there enrolled 3044 privately owned dogs throughout the United States (all between 6 months and 2 years of age) to investigate not only the incidence but also environmental and genetic risk factors for cancers and other diseases, such as cognitive decline and osteoarthritis. With the oldest participants now turning 14 years old, Julia Labadie, DVM, PhD, MSPH, the study’s principal investigator, says that studying aging in dogs has emerged as an unanticipated additional goal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“We have now a cohort of pretty old golden retrievers,” she says, noting that a significant fraction of those survivors could die of non-cancer causes. “So I think there’s a lot of questions that we can answer about the dogs that don’t get cancer and the dogs that live longer than the normal lifespan for golden retrievers that we always quote of about 10 to 12 years.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another recent study already is hinting that at least part of the longevity difference may be linked to variants in a gene encoding an epidermal growth factor receptor. Led by Robert Rebhun, DVM, PhD, chair of medical oncology at the University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, the researchers discovered that a variant in a noncoding region of the &lt;i&gt;ERBB4&lt;/i&gt; gene (also known as &lt;i&gt;HER4&lt;/i&gt;) grants golden retrievers an extra 2 years of life on average.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Interestingly, &lt;i&gt;ERBB4&lt;/i&gt; appears to have a “good variant” that is associated with longer lifespans and a “bad variant” that is associated with shorter lifespans.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Because longevity in the breed is highly influenced by cancer, the genetic variants are almost certainly associated with cancer as well, says coauthor Michael Kent, DVM, MS, a professor of radiation oncology at the veterinary school. Other research has found that &lt;i&gt;ERBB4&lt;/i&gt; can serve as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Everyone thoug","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":"132 9","pages":"541-542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncy.22899","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of fine-needle aspiration in soft tissue tumors: Application of the World Health Organization System for Reporting Soft Tissue Cytopathology and risk of malignancy assessment.","authors":"Pawel Gajdzis, Hervé J Brisse, Jerzy Klijanienko","doi":"10.1002/cncy.22897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recently, a new World Health Organization Reporting System for Soft Tissue Cytopathology (WHO System) was introduced. To analyze the value of this system, routine fine-needle aspiration soft tissue tumor (STT) cases were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cytology samples of STTs collected between 1954 and 2022 at the Institut Curie were used (2214 cases, including 1376 primary tumors). All specimens were classified according to the predominant cytomorphological pattern and the WHO System. The diagnostic accuracy and risk of malignancy (ROM) in each category were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Final diagnoses revealed 1236 malignancies and 978 benign or low-risk tumors. The original cytological evaluation led to 21 false-negative results (0.85%) and 29 false-positive results (1.17%). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 98.3%, 92.1%, 97.5%, and 94.2%, respectively. Overall diagnostic accuracy was 94.2%. The ROM calculated according to the WHO System was 29.87%, 2.49%, 39.62%, 51.43%, 68.42%, and 97.69% in the nondiagnostic, benign, atypical, soft tissue neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential, suspicious for malignancy, and malignant categories, respectively; however, it varied broadly depending on the morphological pattern (62.78% in spindle cell tumors, 84.58% in myxoid tumors, 3.00% in lipomatous tumors, 78.15% in epithelioid tumors, 94.26% in pleomorphic tumors, and 100% in round cell tumors).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cytology of STTs is a powerful diagnostic method. Some cytological patterns overlap in different morphological groups, and the possibility of false-negative and false-positive diagnoses may persist. This analysis evidenced utility of the WHO System, especially when combined with morphological pattern assessment. Subclassification in particular diagnostic categories allowed for calculation of the ROM, which is crucial for optimal patient management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9410,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}