Journal of neural engineering最新文献

{"title":"Filter banks guided correlational convolutional neural network for SSVEPs based BCI classification.","authors":"Xin Wen, Shuting Jia, Dan Han, Yanqing Dong, Chengxin Gao, Ruochen Cao, Yanrong Hao, Yuxiang Guo, Rui Cao","doi":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7f89","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7f89","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective.</i>In the field of steady-state visual evoked potential brain computer interfaces (SSVEP-BCIs) research, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have gradually been proved to be an effective method. Whereas, majority works apply the frequency domain characteristics in long time window to train the network, thus lead to insufficient performance of those networks in short time window. Furthermore, only the frequency domain information for classification lacks of other task-related information.<i>Approach.</i>To address these issues, we propose a time-frequency domain generalized filter-bank convolutional neural network (FBCNN-G) to improve the SSVEP-BCIs classification performance. The network integrates multiple frequency information of electroencephalogram (EEG) with template and predefined prior of sine-cosine signals to perform feature extraction, which contains correlation analyses in both template and signal aspects. Then the classification is performed at the end of the network. In addition, the method proposes the use of filter banks divided into specific frequency bands as pre-filters in the network to fully consider the fundamental and harmonic frequency characteristics of the signal.<i>Main results.</i>The proposed FBCNN-G model is compared with other methods on the public dataset Benchmark. The results manifest that this model has higher accuracy of character recognition accuracy and information transfer rates in several time windows. Particularly, in the 0.2 s time window, the mean accuracy of the proposed method reaches62.02%±5.12%, indicating its superior performance.<i>Significance.</i>The proposed FBCNN-G model is critical for the exploitation of SSVEP-BCIs character recognition models.</p>","PeriodicalId":94096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neural engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EEG electrodes and where to find them: automated localization from 3D scans.","authors":"Mats Tveter, Thomas Tveitstøl, Tønnes Nygaard, Ana S Pérez T, Shrikanth Kulashekhar, Ricardo Bruña, Hugo L Hammer, Christoffer Hatlestad-Hall, Ira R J Hebold Haraldsen","doi":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7c7e","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7c7e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective.</i>The accurate localization of electroencephalography (EEG) electrode positions is crucial for accurate source localization. Recent advancements have proposed alternatives to labor-intensive, manual methods for spatial localization of the electrodes, employing technologies such as 3D scanning and laser scanning. These novel approaches often integrate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as part of the pipeline in localizing the electrodes. The limited global availability of MRI data restricts its use as a standard modality in several clinical scenarios. This limitation restricts the use of these advanced methods.<i>Approach.</i>In this paper, we present a novel, versatile approach that utilizes 3D scans to localize EEG electrode positions with high accuracy. Importantly, while our method can be integrated with MRI data if available, it is specifically designed to be highly effective even in the absence of MRI, thus expanding the potential for advanced EEG analysis in various resource-limited settings. Our solution implements a two-tiered approach involving landmark/fiducials localization and electrode localization, creating an end-to-end framework.<i>Main results.</i>The efficacy and robustness of our approach have been validated on an extensive dataset containing over 400 3D scans from 278 subjects. The framework identifies pre-auricular points and achieves correct electrode positioning accuracy in the range of 85.7% to 91.0%. Additionally, our framework includes a validation tool that permits manual adjustments and visual validation if required.<i>Significance.</i>This study represents, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first validation of such a method on a substantial dataset, thus ensuring the robustness and generalizability of our innovative approach. Our findings focus on developing a solution that facilitates source localization, without the need for MRI, contributing to the critical discussion on balancing cost effectiveness with methodological accuracy to promote wider adoption in both research and clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neural engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142304991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A shared robot control system combining augmented reality and motor imagery brain-computer interfaces with eye tracking.","authors":"Arnau Dillen, Mohsen Omidi, Fakhreddine Ghaffari, Bram Vanderborght, Bart Roelands, Olivier Romain, Ann Nowé, Kevin De Pauw","doi":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7f8d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ad7f8d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>: Brain-computer interface (BCI) control systems monitor neural activity to detect the user's intentions, enabling device control through mental imagery. Despite their potential, decoding neural activity in real-world conditions poses significant challenges, making BCIs currently impractical compared to traditional interaction methods. This study introduces a novel motor imagery (MI) BCI control strategy for operating a physically assistive robotic arm, addressing the difficulties of MI decoding from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, which are inherently non-stationary and vary across individuals.&#xD;<b>Approach</b>: A proof-of-concept BCI control system was developed using commercially available hardware, integrating MI with eye tracking in an augmented reality (AR) user interface to facilitate a shared control approach. This system proposes actions based on the user's gaze, enabling selection through imagined movements. A user study was conducted to evaluate the system's usability, focusing on its effectiveness and efficiency.&#xD;<b>Main results:</b>Participants performed tasks that simulated everyday activities with the robotic arm, demonstrating the shared control system's feasibility and practicality in real-world scenarios. Despite low online decoding performance (mean accuracy: 0.52 9, F1: 0.29, Cohen's Kappa: 0.12), participants achieved a mean success rate of 0.83 in the final phase of the user study when given 15 minutes to complete the evaluation tasks. The success rate dropped below 0.5 when a 5-minute cutoff time was selected.&#xD;<b>Significance</b>: These results indicate that integrating AR and eye tracking can significantly enhance the usability of BCI systems, despite the complexities of MI-EEG decoding. While efficiency is still low, the effectiveness of our approach was verified. This suggests that BCI systems have the potential to become a viable interaction modality for everyday applications&#xD;in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":94096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neural engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidural Spinal Cord Recordings (ESRs): sources of neural-appearing artifact in stimulation evoked compound action potentials.","authors":"Ashlesha Deshmukh, Megan L Settell, Kevin Cheng, Bruce E Knudsen, James K Trevathan, Maria LaLuzerne, Stephan L Blanz, Aaron Skubal, Nishant Verma, Ben Benjamin Romanauski, Meagan K Brucker-Hahn, Danny Lam, Igor Lavrov, Aaron J Suminski, Douglas J Weber, Lee E Fisher, Scott F Lempka, Andrew J Shoffstall, Hyunjoo Park, Erika Ross, Mingming Zhang, Kip A Ludwig","doi":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7f8b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ad7f8b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evoked compound action potentials (ECAPs) measured during epidural spinal cord stimulation (SCS) can help elucidate fundamental mechanisms for the treatment of pain and inform closed-loop control of SCS. Previous studies have used ECAPs to characterize neural responses to various neuromodulation therapies and have demonstrated that ECAPs are highly prone to multiple sources of artifact, including post-stimulus pulse capacitive artifact, electromyography (EMG) bleed-through, and motion artifact. However, a thorough characterization has yet to be performed for how these sources of artifact may contaminate recordings within the temporal window commonly used to determine activation of A-beta fibers in a large animal model.&#xD;We characterized sources of artifacts that can contaminate the recording of ECAPs in an epidural SCS swine model using the Abbott Octrode™ lead. Spinal ECAP recordings can be contaminated by capacitive artifact, short latency EMG from nearby muscles of the back, and motion artifact. The capacitive artifact can appear nearly identical in duration and waveshape to evoked A-beta responses. EMG bleed-through can have phase shifts across the electrode array, similar to the phase shift anticipated by propagation of an evoked A-beta fiber response. The short latency EMG is often evident at currents similar to those needed to activate A-beta fibers associated with the treatment of pain. Changes in CSF between the cord and dura, and motion induced during breathing created a cyclic oscillation in all evoked components of recorded ECAPs. &#xD;Controls must be implemented to separate neural signal from sources of artifact in SCS ECAPs. We suggest experimental procedures and reporting requirements necessary to disambiguate underlying neural response from these confounds. These data are important to better understand the framework for recorded ESRs, with components such as ECAPs, EMG, and artifacts, and have important implications for closed-loop control algorithms to account for transient motion such as postural changes and cough.</p>","PeriodicalId":94096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neural engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear model predictive control of a conductance-based neuron model via data-driven forecasting.","authors":"Christof Fehrman, C Daniel Meliza","doi":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad731f","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad731f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>. Precise control of neural systems is essential to experimental investigations of how the brain controls behavior and holds the potential for therapeutic manipulations to correct aberrant network states. Model predictive control, which employs a dynamical model of the system to find optimal control inputs, has promise for dealing with the nonlinear dynamics, high levels of exogenous noise, and limited information about unmeasured states and parameters that are common in a wide range of neural systems. However, the challenge still remains of selecting the right model, constraining its parameters, and synchronizing to the neural system.<i>Approach</i>. As a proof of principle, we used recent advances in data-driven forecasting to construct a nonlinear machine-learning model of a Hodgkin-Huxley type neuron when only the membrane voltage is observable and there are an unknown number of intrinsic currents.<i>Main Results</i>. We show that this approach is able to learn the dynamics of different neuron types and can be used with model predictive control (MPC) to force the neuron to engage in arbitrary, researcher-defined spiking behaviors.<i>Significance.</i>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first application of nonlinear MPC of a conductance-based model where there is only realistically limited information about unobservable states and parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":94096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neural engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11483466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing facial nerve regeneration with scaffold-free conduits engineered using dental pulp stem cells and their endogenous, aligned extracellular matrix.","authors":"Michelle D Drewry, Delin Shi, Matthew T Dailey, Kristi Rothermund, Sara Trbojevic, Alejandro J Almarza, Xinyan T Cui, Fatima N Syed-Picard","doi":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad749d","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad749d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>. Engineered nerve conduits must simultaneously enhance axon regeneration and orient axon extension to effectively restore function of severely injured peripheral nerves. The dental pulp contains a population of stem/progenitor cells that endogenously express neurotrophic factors (NTFs), growth factors known to induce axon repair. We have previously generated scaffold-free dental pulp stem/progenitor cell (DPSC) sheets comprising an aligned extracellular matrix (ECM). Through the intrinsic NTF expression of DPSCs and the topography of the aligned ECM, these sheets both induce and guide axon regeneration. Here, the capacity of bioactive conduits generated using these aligned DPSC sheets to restore function in critical-sized nerve injuries in rodents was evaluated.<i>Approach</i>. Scaffold-free nerve conduits were formed by culturing DPSCs on a substrate with aligned microgrooves, inducing the cells to align and deposit an aligned ECM. The sheets were then detached from the substrate and assembled into scaffold-free cylindrical tissues.<i>Main results. In vitro</i>analyses confirmed that scaffold-free DPSC conduits maintained an aligned ECM and had uniformly distributed NTF expression. Implanting the aligned DPSC conduits across critical-sized defects in the buccal branch of rat facial nerves resulted in the regeneration of a fascicular nerve-like structure and myelinated axon extension across the injury site. Furthermore, compound muscle action potential and stimulated whisker movement measurements revealed that the DPSC conduit treatment promoted similar functional recovery compared to the clinical standard of care, autografts. Significance. This study demonstrates that scaffold-free aligned DPSC conduits supply trophic and guidance cues, key design elements needed to successfully promote and orient axon regeneration. Consequently, these conduits restore function in nerve injuries to similar levels as autograft treatments. These conduits offer a novel bioactive approach to nerve repair capable of improving clinical outcomes and patient quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":94096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neural engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11406051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142094342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Binocularly incongruent, multifrequency-coded SSVEP in VR: feasibility and characteristics.","authors":"Liuyin Yang, Qiang Sun, Marc M Van Hulle","doi":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad775f","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad775f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective.</i>Steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) in response to flickering stimuli are popular in brain-computer interfacing but their implementation in virtual reality (VR) offers new opportunities also for clinical applications. While traditional SSVEP target selection relies on single-frequency stimulation of both eyes simultaneously, further called congruent stimulation, recent studies attempted to improve the information transfer rate by using dual-frequency-coded SSVEP where each eye is presented with a stimulus flickering at a different frequency, further called incongruent stimulation. However, few studies have investigated incongruent multifrequency-coded SSVEP (MultiIncong-SSVEP).<i>Approach.</i>This paper reports on a systematical investigation of incongruent dual-, triple-, and quadruple-frequency-coded SSVEP for use in VR, several of which are entirely novel, and compares their performance with that of congruent dual-frequency-coded SSVEP.<i>Main results.</i>We were able to confirm the presence of a summation effect when comparing monocular- and binocular single-frequency congruent stimulation, and a suppression effect when comparing monocular- and binocular dual-frequency incongruent stimulation, as both tap into the binocular vision capabilities which, when hampered, could signal amblyopia.<i>Significance.</i>In sum, our findings not only evidence the potential of VR-based binocularly incongruent SSVEP but also underscore the importance of paradigm choice and decoder design to optimize system performance and user comfort.</p>","PeriodicalId":94096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neural engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying neural correlates of balance impairment in traumatic brain injury using partial least squares correlation analysis.","authors":"Vikram Shenoy Handiru, Easter Selvan Suviseshamuthu, Soha Saleh, Haiyan Su, Guang Yue, Didier Allexandre","doi":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7320","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective.</i>Balance impairment is one of the most debilitating consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI). To study the neurophysiological underpinnings of balance impairment, the brain functional connectivity during perturbation tasks can provide new insights. To better characterize the association between the task-relevant functional connectivity and the degree of balance deficits in TBI, the analysis needs to be performed on the data stratified based on the balance impairment. However, such stratification is not straightforward, and it warrants a data-driven approach.<i>Approach.</i>We conducted a study to assess the balance control using a computerized posturography platform in 17 individuals with TBI and 15 age-matched healthy controls. We stratified the TBI participants into balance-impaired and non-impaired TBI using<i>k</i>-means clustering of either center of pressure (COP) displacement during a balance perturbation task or Berg Balance Scale score as a functional outcome measure. We analyzed brain functional connectivity using the imaginary part of coherence across different cortical regions in various frequency bands. These connectivity features are then studied using the mean-centered partial least squares correlation analysis, which is a multivariate statistical framework with the advantage of handling more features than the number of samples, thus making it suitable for a small-sample study.<i>Main results.</i>Based on the nonparametric significance testing using permutation and bootstrap procedure, we noticed that the weakened theta-band connectivity strength in the following regions of interest significantly contributed to distinguishing balance impaired from non-impaired population, regardless of the type of stratification:<i>left middle frontal gyrus, right paracentral lobule, precuneus</i>, and<i>bilateral middle occipital gyri. Significance.</i>Identifying neural regions linked to balance impairment enhances our understanding of TBI-related balance dysfunction and could inform new treatment strategies. Future work will explore the impact of balance platform training on sensorimotor and visuomotor connectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neural engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryogel microcarriers loaded with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor enhance the engraftment of primary dopaminergic neurons in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Kaushik Narasimhan, Abrar Hakami, Giulia Comini, Tommy Patton, Ben Newland, Eilís Dowd","doi":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7761","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective.</i>Cryogel microcarriers made of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and 3-sulfopropyl acrylate have the potential to act as delivery vehicles for long-term retention of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) in the brain. In addition, they can potentially enhance stem cell-derived dopaminergic (DAergic) cell replacement strategies for Parkinson's disease (PD), by addressing the limitations of variable survival and poor differentiation of the transplanted precursors due to neurotrophic deprivation post-transplantation in the brain. In this context, to develop a proof-of-concept, the aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of glial cell line-derived NTF (GDNF)-loaded cryogel microcarriers by assessing their impact on the survival of, and reinnervation by, primary DAergic grafts after intra-striatal delivery in Parkinsonian rat brains.<i>Approach.</i>Rat embryonic day 14 ventral midbrain cells were transplanted into the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned striatum either alone, or with GDNF, or with unloaded cryogel microcarriers, or with GDNF-loaded cryogel microcarriers.<i>Post-mortem</i>, GDNF and tyrosine hydroxylase immunostaining were used to identify retention of the delivered GDNF within the implanted cryogel microcarriers, and to identify the transplanted DAergic neuronal cell bodies and fibres in the brains, respectively.<i>Main results.</i>We found an intact presence of GDNF-stained cryogel microcarriers in graft sites, indicating their ability for long-term retention of the delivered GDNF up to 4 weeks in the brain. This resulted in an enhanced survival (1.9-fold) of, and striatal reinnervation (density & volume) by, the grafted DAergic neurons, in addition to an enhanced sprouting of fibres within graft sites.<i>Significance.</i>This data provides an important proof-of-principle for the beneficial effects of neurotrophin-loaded cryogel microcarriers on engraftment of cells in the context of cell replacement therapy in PD. For clinical translation, further studies will be needed to assess the impact of cryogel microcarriers on the survival and differentiation of stem cell-derived DAergic precursors in Parkinsonian rat brains.</p>","PeriodicalId":94096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neural engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving non-invasive trajectory decoding via neural correlates of continuous erroneous feedback processing.","authors":"Hannah S Pulferer, Kyriaki Kostoglou, Gernot R Müller-Putz","doi":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7762","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1741-2552/ad7762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>. Over the last decades, error-related potentials (ErrPs) have repeatedly proven especially useful as corrective mechanisms in invasive and non-invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, research in this context exclusively investigated the distinction of discrete events into<i>correct</i>or<i>erroneous</i>to the present day. Due to this predominant formulation as a binary classification problem, classical ErrP-based BCIs fail to monitor tasks demanding quantitative information on error severity rather than mere qualitative decisions on error occurrence. As a result, fine-tuned and natural feedback control based on continuously perceived deviations from an intended target remains beyond the capabilities of previously used BCI setups.<i>Approach.</i>To address this issue for future BCI designs, we investigated the feasibility of regressing rather than classifying error-related activity non-invasively from the brain.<i>Main results.</i>Using pre-recorded data from ten able-bodied participants in three sessions each and a multi-output convolutional neural network, we demonstrated the above-chance regression of ongoing target-feedback discrepancies from brain signals in a pseudo-online fashion. In a second step, we used this inferred information about the target deviation to correct the initially displayed feedback accordingly, reporting significant improvements in correlations between corrected feedback and target trajectories across feedback conditions.<i>Significance.</i>Our results indicate that continuous information on target-feedback discrepancies can be successfully regressed from cortical activity, paving the way to increasingly naturalistic, fine-tuned correction mechanisms for future BCI applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neural engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}