Evaluation of gold helical microwire structure electrode for long-term rodent nerve stimulation.

Danny V Lam, Kevin Yang, Derrick X Liu, Anna Lauricella, Yingyi Gao, Elizabeth S Fielding, Kyle Golobish, Stephan Nieuwoudt, Doug J Weber, Lee E Fisher, Scott F Lempka, Ashley N Dalrymple, Kip A Ludwig, Andrew J Shoffstall
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective.The development of electrodes for chronic peripheral nerve stimulation faces several challenges, including complex compositions, intricate manufacturing processes, and high costs associated with the availability and fabrication of suitable materials. These limitations hinder the accessibility and feasibility of producing effective devices for chronic preclinical studies. This study evaluated the feasibility of a simple-to-manufacture gold helical microwire structure electrode (Au-HMSE) for peripheral nerve stimulation, electromyography (EMG) recording, and preliminary tissue response on the rat sciatic nerve.Approach.Manufactured electrodes were used for up to 8 weeks in rats for nerve stimulation and EMG recordings, with electrode-tissue impedances and motor thresholds measured to assessin vivostability and feasibility. Evoked motor responses were measured via gastrocnemius muscle activity and ankle torque. Terminal histology was performed at 12 weeks to assess chronic tissue response to the implanted electrodes.Main results.Implanted electrodes with impedances <10 kΩ effectively evoked motor responses in monopolar and bipolar configurations and successfully recorded EMG activity. Gastrocnemius activation overlapped with off-target motor responses, likely due to the electrode's size relative to rat nerve anatomy and the absence of anchoring, which may have allowed migration. High impedance failure appeared related to interconnects between electrodes and tunneled leads and at solder joints in the stimulating and recording setup. Histology showed typical fibrotic encapsulation, with the helical design promoting tissue in-growth around the microwires, creating a high surface area electrode-tissue interface.Significance.This study evaluated the early feasibility of Au-HMSE for chronically implanted rodent nerve stimulation and EMG recordings. While gold electrodes are non-standard for chronic stimulation, the construction of these devices may be appropriate for the evaluation of chronic peripheral nerve stimulation in the preclinical setting due to their simple composition, manufacturing, and availability of gold microwire as a raw material. The findings provide valuable insights for developing future implantable leads used for peripheral nerve stimulation.

金螺旋微丝结构电极对啮齿动物神经长期刺激的评价。
用于慢性周围神经刺激的电极的发展面临着一些挑战,包括复杂的成分,复杂的制造工艺,以及与合适材料的可用性和制造相关的高成本。这些限制阻碍了生产用于慢性临床前研究的有效装置的可及性和可行性。本研究评估了一种易于制造的金螺旋微丝结构电极(Au-HMSE)用于周围神经刺激、肌电图记录和大鼠坐骨神经初步组织反应的可行性。制造的电极在大鼠身上使用长达8周的时间进行神经刺激和肌电图记录,并测量电极组织阻抗和运动阈值以评估体内稳定性和可行性。通过腓肠肌活动和踝关节扭矩测量诱发运动反应。12周时进行终末组织学检查,以评估组织对植入电极的慢性反应
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