Journal of economic entomology最新文献_第4页

Sublethal effects of spinetoram on the functional response of Drosophila parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) and its potential for biological control. spinetoram对拟寄生物果蝇（膜翅目：双翅蚜科）功能反应的亚致死效应及其生物防治潜力。

Journal of economic entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf230

Ye Tian, Jinlong Zhang, Yue Xu, Juan Li, Ye Chen, Hui Ren, Guangshuai Meng, Guohua Chen, Xiaoming Zhang

{"title":"Sublethal effects of spinetoram on the functional response of Drosophila parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) and its potential for biological control.","authors":"Ye Tian, Jinlong Zhang, Yue Xu, Juan Li, Ye Chen, Hui Ren, Guangshuai Meng, Guohua Chen, Xiaoming Zhang","doi":"10.1093/jee/toaf230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaf230","url":null,"abstract":"Trichopria drosophilae (Perkins) (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) is a pupal parasitoid wasp of the globally invasive pest Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and exhibits significant biocontrol potential against D. suzukii. However, chemical management strategies within integrated pest management (IPM) often adversely affect natural enemies. This study investigated the parasitism efficiency of T. drosophilae under sublethal concentrations of spinetoram (LC10, LC25, and LC50). The results showed that the functional response of T. drosophilae was type II after treatment with LC10, LC25, and LC50 of spinetoram and the control. Spinetoram treatment reduced the attack rate (a) and prolonged the handling time (Th) on the host. The parasitism and searching efficiency of T. drosophilae decreased with increasing spinetoram concentrations. Meanwhile, the area of discovery of T. drosophilae decreased with increasing parasitoid wasp density, indicating that there was mutual interference between individuals within the species, and spinetoram treatment would reduce the interference effect. Spinetoram negatively impacted functional response parameters, searching efficiency and area of discovery with effects intensifying at higher concentrations. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing IPM strategies of D. suzukii and conserving T. drosophilae.","PeriodicalId":94077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new Metarhizium strain suppresses Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by disrupting key physiological systems. 一种新的绿僵菌菌株通过破坏关键的生理系统来抑制果夜蛾（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）。

Journal of economic entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf226

Piumalee Isurika Damithri Wellabada Hewage Don, Yun Meng, Dun Wang

{"title":"A new Metarhizium strain suppresses Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by disrupting key physiological systems.","authors":"Piumalee Isurika Damithri Wellabada Hewage Don, Yun Meng, Dun Wang","doi":"10.1093/jee/toaf226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaf226","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing global demand for agricultural production is threatened by fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797), a highly polyphagous pest. The biocontrol of this pest is beneficial over chemical control. The new Metarhizium lepidiotae (Driver & Milner) (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae), strain ML was isolated from Mount Heng, Hunan Province in China. The biocontrol potential of ML on FAW was evaluated through laboratory bioassays, while physiological effects were examined via histopathological assays. Enzyme activity assays were conducted to assess fungal enzyme activity levels, and the relative expression levels of fungal virulence-related genes were analyzed using RT-qPCR. This study explored that the strain ML caused a high larval mortality of 97.92% at 1 × 109 spores/ml, with an LC50 of 1.26 × 104 spores/ml. The pupal mortality was 87.5% at 1 × 108 spores/ml, with an ST50 of 8.33 d. The results showed that the high virulence was driven by elevated expression of fungal virulence-related genes and enzymes. The histopathological assays proved that the extensive hyphal invasion by ML disrupted larval tissues such as cuticle, epidermis, hemolymph, fat body, and muscles, damaging the respiratory, digestive, and excretory systems. The elevated levels of chitinase (35.82 µg/h/g), protease (3,844.02 nmol/min/g), and lipase (2,288.50 nmol/min/g) activities were synergized with the expression of M. lepidiotae elastase-like serine protease gene (MLpr1), chitinase gene (Mlchit1), secreted lipase gene (MlSecL), and lipase A gene (MlLIPA) throughout the infection. These findings provided valuable insights into the pathological mechanisms driving the high virulence of M. lepidiotae against FAW, offering potential for sustainable biocontrol.","PeriodicalId":94077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three-generation simultaneous selection in two quantitative traits of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and seasonal effects on phenotype expression. 黄粉步甲（鞘翅目：黄粉步甲科）两个数量性状的三代同时选择及季节对表型表达的影响。

Journal of economic entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf197

Juan A Morales-Ramos, M Guadalupe Rojas, Damian Tweedy

{"title":"Three-generation simultaneous selection in two quantitative traits of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and seasonal effects on phenotype expression.","authors":"Juan A Morales-Ramos, M Guadalupe Rojas, Damian Tweedy","doi":"10.1093/jee/toaf197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaf197","url":null,"abstract":"Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera Tenebrionidae) is 1 of the 3 most important species of industrialized insects worldwide. Its potential as a substitute for fish meal in animal feed formulations and as a source of protein and lipid for human consumption has increased over the years. Improving the characteristics of the stock commercial colonies of T. molitor to increase biomass productivity is one of the current questions of interest for the industry. Despite their high degree of plasticity, the quantitative traits development time and pupal weight have been proven to possess sufficient levels of heritability to be impacted by selection. The objective of this study was to determine if significant differences in these 2 traits could be observed in selected populations after 3 generations of selection. Starting from a single cohort from the stock colony, mealworms were grouped in 4 selection groups (F0): completing larval development within 16, 18, 20, and 22 wk and with pupal weight ranges of 180 to 199, 200 to 219, 220 to 239, and 240 to 259 mg, respectively. Groups were selected for 3 generations to conform with the ranges established and at the end of selection, fecundity and egg viability were evaluated for F3 adults of each of the selection classes. Significant changes in development time and pupal weight were observed in the F3 in all the selected classes. The F3 also showed significant differences in fecundity, egg viability, and immature survival at the end of the F3.","PeriodicalId":94077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the olfactory repertoire of the ecologically important parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): from gene structures to expression analysis. 探索生态上重要的寄生蜂媒介小蜂（膜翅目：小蜂科）的嗅觉系统：从基因结构到表达分析。

Journal of economic entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf228

Zi-Xuan Yin, Shuang Shan, Adel Khashaveh, Shan-Ning Wang, Xuan Song, Zi-Yun Lu, Jing Li, Yong-Jun Zhang

{"title":"Exploring the olfactory repertoire of the ecologically important parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): from gene structures to expression analysis.","authors":"Zi-Xuan Yin, Shuang Shan, Adel Khashaveh, Shan-Ning Wang, Xuan Song, Zi-Yun Lu, Jing Li, Yong-Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1093/jee/toaf228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaf228","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of parasitoid wasps to precisely locate hosts in complex environments is a key factor in suppressing pest populations. Chemical communication plays an essential role in mediating insect behaviors such as locating food sources, hosts, and mates. Odorant receptors (ORs) are the key connection between external odors and olfactory nerves. Through full-length antennal transcriptome sequencing, we identified an expanded repertoire of 177 ORs from the antenna of Microplitis mediator Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), including 75 previously undocumented complete open reading frames, significantly advancing our understanding beyond the 169 ORs reported in earlier studies. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that M. mediator odorant receptors (MmedORs) were divided into 24 subfamilies, and most of the MmedORs in the subfamilies showed high sequence identity with the Microplitis demolitor Wilkinson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) ORs, indicating a conserved function of the ORs in both homologous species. Moreover, the OR genes structure within the same cluster is highly conserved. Semi-quantitative PCR results showed that 83 ORs were predominantly expressed in the antennae and 34 ORs were mainly expressed in other tissues, suggesting their primary function in olfactory perception. More precisely, real-time quantitative PCR results further indicated that 54 ORs were preferentially expressed in female antennae, and 22 ORs in male antennae, suggesting a specialized function in behaviors exclusive to females, including host location and oviposition. This study comprehensively characterizes and analyzes the expression analysis of M. mediator ORs, addressing key knowledge gaps in parasitoid chemoreception and providing a molecular framework for the conservation and utilization of natural enemies.","PeriodicalId":94077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Florida red scale Chrysomphalus aonidum (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and parasitoid Aphytis melinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) colonization of Citrus Under Protective Screen. 保护网下佛罗里达红鳞金翅虫（半翅目：蚜蜂科）和寄生蜂蜂（膜翅目：蚜蜂科）在柑橘中的定殖。

Journal of economic entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf204

Salman A Al-Shami, Edzard van Santen, Jawwad A Qureshi

{"title":"Florida red scale Chrysomphalus aonidum (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and parasitoid Aphytis melinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) colonization of Citrus Under Protective Screen.","authors":"Salman A Al-Shami, Edzard van Santen, Jawwad A Qureshi","doi":"10.1093/jee/toaf204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaf204","url":null,"abstract":"The Citrus Under Protective Screen is a novel production system implemented to grow citrus free of huanglongbing disease vectored by Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri. Other significant pests such as mites, scales, thrips, mealybugs, and leafminers, as well as parasitoids and small predators, have been identified from Citrus Under Protective Screen and require management. Chrysomphalus aonidum (L.), an armored scale is a major pest of citrus. We determined the incidence of C. aonidum and parasitoid Aphytis melinus in 4-quarter-acre Citrus Under Protective Screen structures and open-air controls planted with grapefruit (Citrus paradisi). The greatest difference between the 2 production systems in temperature and humidity was observed using daily maximum values. Except for 2 of the 26 mo of study, the maximum daily temperature was significantly higher in the Citrus Under Protective Screen than in open-air, ranging from -0.6 to 16.1 °C. The maximum relative humidity between the 2 systems averaged 91% to 99%. C. aonidum was exclusively found in the in-ground trees in the Citrus Under Protective Screen, infesting 11% to 12% of trees from 2020 to 2022. The density of C. aonidum increased from 2020-2021 to 2021-2022 sampling cycle, averaging 7.81/cm2 and 15.55/cm2 on the leaves, respectively, and 3.09/cm2 and 5.63/cm2 on fruit, respectively. A. melinus captures on the yellow sticky cards were significantly higher in the Citrus Under Protective Screen than in open-air. Significantly higher numbers of C. aonidum were parasitized on leaves than on fruit, averaging 19% to 23% and 0.78% to 1.53%, respectively. Findings suggest the risk of C. aonidum infestation and prospects for biological control in Citrus Under Protective Screen.","PeriodicalId":94077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Olfactory preferences of the allium leafminer, an emerging pest in North America: comparison of three experimental bioassays. 北美新兴害虫葱叶螨的嗅觉偏好：三种实验生物分析的比较。

Journal of economic entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf218

Milla Menouillard, Arnaud Blanchet, Gaylord A Desurmont

{"title":"Olfactory preferences of the allium leafminer, an emerging pest in North America: comparison of three experimental bioassays.","authors":"Milla Menouillard, Arnaud Blanchet, Gaylord A Desurmont","doi":"10.1093/jee/toaf218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaf218","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluating the olfactory preferences of emerging insect pests is critical to develop monitoring tools and improve early detection and management strategies. Here the chemical ecology and olfactory preferences of the allium leafminer Phytomyza gymnostoma Loew (Diptera: Agromyzidae), an invasive pest in North America affecting allium crops such as leeks and onions, were investigated. Three bioassay methods were assessed under laboratory conditions: wind tunnel, Y-tube olfactometer, and arena bioassay. All bioassays measured the responses of P. gymnostoma adults to odors of host and non-host plants. Two common allium crops, leek and chive, were used as host plants. Results of the wind tunnel bioassays showed a clear preference for host plants compared to non-host plants, with leek being twice as attractive as chive. Leek plants already infested by P. gymnostoma were half as attractive as healthy plants. Olfactometer and arena bioassays failed to show any significant response of adult flies toward host plant volatiles. This study is the first to compare multiple bioassays for behavioral investigations of P. gymnostoma, providing novel insights into the pest's host-finding behavior and highlighting methodological considerations for future work. Overall, these results suggest that both visual and chemical cues play a role in P. gymnostoma's foraging behavior and are a promising first step toward the development of monitoring tools against this invasive pest.","PeriodicalId":94077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gamma and X-ray radiation on mating and sperm transfer in sterile Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae). 伽玛和x射线辐射对不育绒蚤交配和精子转移的影响（双翅目：绒蚤科）

Journal of economic entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf186

Yeudiel Gómez-Simuta, Diana Pérez-Staples, Francisco Díaz-Fleischer, Luis Quintero-Fong, Dina Orozco-Dávila, Yair Contreras-Navarro, Jorge Toledo

{"title":"Gamma and X-ray radiation on mating and sperm transfer in sterile Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae).","authors":"Yeudiel Gómez-Simuta, Diana Pérez-Staples, Francisco Díaz-Fleischer, Luis Quintero-Fong, Dina Orozco-Dávila, Yair Contreras-Navarro, Jorge Toledo","doi":"10.1093/jee/toaf186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaf186","url":null,"abstract":"Ionizing radiation is widely used in insect sterilization for pest control using the Sterile Insect Technique, which consists of the mass rearing of insects and their irradiation with gamma rays to release them in target areas where they will mate with wild females. However, there is a concern and controversy about the nuclear origin applied in this technique. One alternative for sterilization is the use of X-rays, which do not have a nuclear origin, are easier to operate, and do not generate radioactive waste. Here, we compared the sexual competitiveness of Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) males irradiated with gamma or X-radiation, and their sperm transfer ability. Mating frequency was similar between gamma and X-ray-irradiated males, but higher for wild males. However, the amount of sperm in females mated with X-ray-irradiated males was lower than that of females mated with gamma-irradiated males. Males irradiated with X-rays, mating for a third consecutive time, transferred fewer sperm than males irradiated with gamma rays. Females mating with X-ray irradiated males were more likely to remate than females mated to gamma irradiated or wild males. Overall, males sterilized with X-rays were as sexually competitive as males sterilized with gamma radiation; however, lower sperm transfer and higher remating with females suggest the need to perform dosimetries for X ray-treated males at a lower dose to increase performance. X-rays could be used as an alternative to gamma rays in the application of the SIT for A. ludens. Further research into the effects of X-rays on the male ejaculate, female fertility, and remating is needed.","PeriodicalId":94077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam increase fecundity on Bactrocera dorsalis. 亚致死浓度的噻虫嗪可增加背小实蝇的繁殖力。

Journal of economic entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf224

Qiannan Zhang, Zhijie Ren, Yuanfu Li, Xiaoyun Wang, Wen Lu, Huihua Tan

{"title":"Sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam increase fecundity on Bactrocera dorsalis.","authors":"Qiannan Zhang, Zhijie Ren, Yuanfu Li, Xiaoyun Wang, Wen Lu, Huihua Tan","doi":"10.1093/jee/toaf224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaf224","url":null,"abstract":"Sublethal concentrations of insecticides are commonly encountered in agricultural environments, particularly by pests such as the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), which primarily infests host plants during the larval stage. Sublethal concentrations of insecticides can elicit a wide range of effects; therefore, it is important to consider the impact of thiamethoxam, a registered control insecticide for B. dorsalis. This study investigated the sublethal effects of thiamethoxam on B. dorsalis. Exposure to sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam (LC10 and LC30) significantly increased fecundity, with egg production rising by 37.6% and 89.4%, and in egg production of its offspring by 8.5% and 21.9%. There was also a significant reduction in longevity of females by 3.1% and 5.3%, and of males by 2.3% and 6.8%. Furthermore, at 0, 3, and 6 d after 24 h of treatment, sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam significantly upregulated the expression of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) and significantly increased the levels of Vg, VgR, juvenile hormone (JH), and ecdysone. These findings suggest that the mechanism underlying the enhancement of fecundity by sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam may involve increased levels of JH and ecdysone, which regulate Vg synthesis, thereby stimulating reproductive output, with JH likely playing a dominant role. This study is the first to report the stimulatory effect of sublethal thiamethoxam concentrations on B. dorsalis fecundity and provides preliminary insights into the associated mechanisms. The results offer valuable references for understanding the sublethal effects of thiamethoxam on B. dorsalis and optimizing integrated pest management strategies.","PeriodicalId":94077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a bioassay method for larval western corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). 玉米根虫（鞘翅目：金曲虫科）幼虫生物测定方法的建立。

Journal of economic entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf202

Abigail L Kropf, Ethan Goes, Aaron J Gassmann

{"title":"Development of a bioassay method for larval western corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).","authors":"Abigail L Kropf, Ethan Goes, Aaron J Gassmann","doi":"10.1093/jee/toaf202","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jee/toaf202","url":null,"abstract":"Western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is a serious pest of maize (Zea mays L.) in the United States. Because western corn rootworm larvae live in the soil, conducting an on-plant bioassay to screen novel management tools can be challenging. This study aimed to identify growth media for a greenhouse bioassay system suitable for studying interactions between western corn rootworm larvae and maize plants. We assessed the effects of growth medium on the growth of maize plants and on the survival and development of western corn rootworm larvae. Additionally, we characterized how larval density affected rootworm survival in the bioassay system. Plants grew well in soil collected from an agricultural field; however, this bioassay environment also resulted in poor survival of western corn rootworm larvae. By contrast, larval survival was greatest when plants grew in vermiculite, but this medium tended to produce the lowest values for metrics of plant growth. In general, a potting medium was conducive to both higher levels of larval survival and plant growth metrics. These results suggest that use of a potting medium or a mixture of soil collected from the field with other amendments, such as potting medium, could provide an environment conducive to both the growth of maize plants and the survival of rootworm larvae. This bioassay approach offers a novel bioassay system, which may potentially be applied to screen insecticides, microbial biopesticides, and plant-incorporated protectants.","PeriodicalId":94077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecology and BehaviorDeveloping spectral indices and models for monitoring rice planthoppers (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) with hyperspectral data and machine learning. 利用高光谱数据和机器学习建立水稻飞虱（半翅目：飞虱科）监测光谱指数和模型。

Journal of economic entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf214

Xiang-Dong Liu, Jia-Han Wang

{"title":"Ecology and BehaviorDeveloping spectral indices and models for monitoring rice planthoppers (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) with hyperspectral data and machine learning.","authors":"Xiang-Dong Liu, Jia-Han Wang","doi":"10.1093/jee/toaf214","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jee/toaf214","url":null,"abstract":"Insect pests pose a significant threat to crop health including yield and quality, making population monitoring essential for effective pest management. Reflectance spectroscopy is a powerful tool for assessing crop health. Spectral characteristics of crops are closely linked to pest damage, yet it has not been widely used in pest monitoring. The rice planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), Sogatella furcifera (Horváth), and Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén) are serious pests of rice in China. This study focuses on developing spectral indices and models for monitoring these pests using hyperspectral remote sensing and machine learning. Reflectance from rice plants infested with planthoppers was examined and transformed into the relative reflectance to healthy plants. Three overlapping sensitive spectral bands (420 to 509 nm, 600 to 698 nm, and 728 to 986 nm) were identified across different planthopper species and rice growth stages, and the spectral indices, average relative reflectance in a successively sensitive band range, were developed. The infestation duration of planthoppers significantly influenced the average relative reflectance. Modeling methods including linear regression and machine learning, such as backpropagation neural networks (BPNN), support vector regression, categorical boosting, and adaptive boosting based on 3 average relative reflectance indices and infestation duration day, were developed to estimate planthopper density at tillering and booting stages. The BPNN model demonstrated a powerful ability to monitor planthoppers with the highest coefficient of determination and the lowest root mean square error for training and test datasets. A promising application of the novel spectral indices and BPNN model in intelligent monitoring systems for rice planthoppers was designed.","PeriodicalId":94077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144983931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0