Journal of AOAC International最新文献

{"title":"TLC method assisted by digital images for analysis of ivermectin-based product.","authors":"Natália Sabina Dos Santos Galvão, Ana Carolina Kogawa","doi":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ivermectin (IVE) is an antiparasitic sold in the form of tablets, pastes, and injectable solutions. Neither the literature nor the official compendiums present an environmentally friendly method for analyzing the final IVE product by thin layer chromatography (TLC) assisted by digital images. This combination strengthens the advantages of cost, handling, time, execution and process optimization. Items, which the green and clean analytical chemistry values, and the National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI), Eco-Scale Assessment (ESA), Analytical GREEnness Metric (AGREE) and Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) tools measure.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this work is to develop and validate an eco-efficient, fast, economical and easy-to-perform method for analysis of IVE injectable solution by TLC assisted by digital images.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Silica gel plate, microsyringe and ethyl acetate: ethanol (13:2, v/v) as mobile phase were used in the method. The pixels were analyzed by Image J software after the spots were photographed under UV light.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The method was selective when comparing standard and sample, indicative of stability by forced degradation test, linear (100-900 µg/mL), precise (RSD < 2%), accurate and rugged to modifications in the analytical process. The method was able to quantify commercial products, showing an average content of 98.95%. The greenness of the developed method presented NEMI with 4 green quadrants, ESA and AGREE with a score of 83 and 0.61, respectively, and GAPI predominantly green and yellow.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The method was selective, indicative of stability, linear, precise, accurate, rugged and green, by NEMI, ESA, AGREE and GAPI, to quantify IVE in injectable solution. Additionally, it combined the advantages of TLC and digital image analysis.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>The work shows a TLC method assisted by digital images for analysis of ivermectin-based product.</p>","PeriodicalId":94064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AOAC International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Analytical Methodologies for Authenticating Agri-Food Products: Innovations in Green Analytical Chemistry.","authors":"Yaxi Hu, Kenny Xie","doi":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AOAC International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Multiresidue Method for Simultaneous Analysis of 451 Multiclass Pesticides in Fodder Crops.","authors":"Sonu Kumar Mahawer, Sachin C Ekatpure, Narendra Kulkarni, Kaushik Banerjee","doi":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fodder crops are widely used as main ingredients of animal feed products. To combat pest infestations, farmers often apply pesticides on farms, the residual content of which may accumulate at or beyond toxic levels in/on the green fodder at the stage of harvest. To safeguard animals and humans (through ecological food chains) from these residual pesticides, both domestic and commercial programs are necessary to monitor the levels of pesticide residues in food and feed. Nonetheless, the existing methods exhibit constraints regarding scope, selectivity, and sensitivity. These limitations warranted a high-throughput, multiresidue method for monitoring and risk assessment of multiclass pesticides in fodder crops.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to develop and validate a multiresidue method for the simultaneous analysis of 451 multiclass pesticides, their isomers, and metabolites of toxicological concern in three widely used fodder crops, namely sorghum, maize, and lucerne.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The well-homogenized samples of sorghum, maize, and lucerne (10 g) were extracted with acetonitrile (10 mL). An aliquot of the extract was cleaned by dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) with graphitized carbon black (GCB, 7.5 mg/mL). The method performance was evaluated for a mixture of multiclass pesticides at 10 µg/kg and 20 µg/kg using liquid and gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS techniques allowed analyses of the test pesticides within chromatographic runtimes of 17 min and 20 min, respectively. The method's performance using matrix-matched calibration was satisfactory for all compounds (recoveries = 70-120%, repeatability-RSD, <20%) at 10 and 20 µg/kg in three studied matrices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The method successfully determined the residues of all tested compounds in each fodder matrix. It demonstrates satisfactory selectivity, accuracy, and repeatability. Given all of these, it is recommended for regulatory and commercial testing purposes.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>A high-throughput residue analysis method targeting 451 compounds in sorghum, maize, and lucerne involved a single multiresidue extraction, followed by dSPE cleanup with analysis using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. The method sensitivity met the EU-MRLs, and performance complied with the SANTE/11312/2021's quality control criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":94064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AOAC International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Spectrophotometric Flow Injection and Microwave-Induced Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry Methods for the Quantification of Phosphorus in Fertilizers.","authors":"Vitoria Marques Mariano, Jorge Cesar Masini","doi":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The growing need to increase the efficiency of routine analyses in quality control laboratories of agricultural fertilizer manufacturers underscores the importance of automating official methods or developing validated alternatives to enhance analytical throughput. Phosphorus, a key nutrient in fertilizers, demands precise and rapid analytical techniques that comply with current regulatory requirements.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) methods with molecular absorption spectrophotometric detection-based on official protocols-and compare them to a more advanced technique, Microwave-Induced Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (MIP-OES), for the quantification of elemental phosphorus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three methodologies were assessed: molecular absorption spectrophotometry based on the formation of yellow vanadophosphomolybdate, the formation of molybdenum blue, and MIP-OES. These methods were applied to fertilizer samples extracted using water and neutral ammonium citrate (NAC), as prescribed by official procedures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FIA methods provided a sampling throughput of up to 120 analyses per hour, while MIP-OES enabled up to 240 analyses per hour. Both spectrophotometric methods had limits of quantification (LOQ) near 1.0 mg/L. However, the yellow vanadophosphomolybdate method showed better linearity, up to 40 mg/L, compared to 20 mg/L for the molybdenum blue method. MIP-OES exhibited the highest sensitivity (LOQ < 0.2 mg/L) and the broadest linear range. All methods showed acceptable accuracy and precision when tested with certified reference materials.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FIA systems are advantageous over conventional methods due to their simplicity and low cost, making them suitable for routine laboratory settings. MIP-OES, while requiring greater instrumental investment, offers higher throughput and eliminates the need for reagent preparation.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>Considering their respective strengths-FIA for accessibility and MIP-OES for performance-it is recommended that both methods are included as Official Methods of Analysis by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture (MAPA) and other international regulatory bodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AOAC International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Antioxidant Alkaloid Components in Tinosporae Radix by Response Surface Method, Characteristic Chromatogram, Antioxidant Analysis, and Molecular Docking.","authors":"Dianchao Tang, Chen Jin, Liqin Gan, Lanlan Zhong, Zexi Wang, Qiqiong Liu, Yiling Yang, Ling Liu, Huilian Huang","doi":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tinosporae Radix is a valuable plant with applications in medicinal and edible fields. Alkaloids are one of the main active components of Tinosporae Radix, showing prominent antioxidant activity and great potential in healthcare fields.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Response surface method was applied to determine the optimal enrichment process of total alkaloids of Tinosporae Radix (TRTA). Antioxidant alkaloid components were screened by characteristic chromatogram, antioxidant analysis and molecular docking, so as to provide the basis for Tinosporae Radix to develop as a medicinal and edible homologous plant and antioxidant products.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, a single-factor investigation experiment and a response surface optimization experiment were used to determine the optimal enrichment process of D101 macroporous resin. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to establish the characteristic chromatogram of TRTA, after which chemometrics was applied to evaluate the data. The antioxidant activity of TRTA was assessed using DPPH and ABTS assays. Gray relational analysis was applied to explore the spectrum-effect relationship, and molecular docking techniques were combined to predict targets of antioxidant activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The best enrichment process of total alkaloids is presented as follows: water removal 3 BV, 10% ethanol removal 3 BV, and 30% ethanol elution 3 BV. All four identified alkaloid components contributed to the antioxidant activity of TRTA, potentially processing binding interactions with multiple antioxidant protein targets, including TNF, NO-1, and XOD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Alkaloids significantly contributed to the antioxidant activity of TRTA, with columbamine and palmatine playing particularly prominent roles, and the antioxidant activity of TRTA is likely exerted through a complex multicomponent, multitarget mechanism, involving the coordinated action of various alkaloid components and multiple biological targets.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>The optimized enrichment process demonstrated remarkable efficiency in concentrating total alkaloids from Tinosporae Radix. This study contributes significantly to the formulation of its quality control methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":94064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AOAC International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure Elucidation and In-Silico Safety Assessment of a Degradation Impurity in Molnupiravir Capsule Formulation: Development of a Stability-Indicating Method for Related Substances.","authors":"Ravi Patel, Sonal Vishwakarma, Ravisinh Solanki, Dignesh Khunt, Shalin Parikh","doi":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Molnupiravir, an FDA-approved antiviral for the treatment of COVID-19, requires reliable analytical methods to ensure its quality and safety due to its therapeutic importance.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study presents the development of a stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for estimating molnupiravir-related impurities in capsule formulations. An unknown impurity is structurally elucidated using LC-TQ/MS and 1H and 1³C NMR spectroscopy. Its potential safety profile is also assessed In-silico using the admetSAR tool.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The method demonstrated linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9990), precision (RSD < 1.34%), and sensitivity, with an LOD of 0.2 µg/mL and an LOQ of 0.4 µg/mL. Forced degradation revealed an unknown impurity at 2.4 min, which was structurally identified as N-hydroxycytidine using LC-MS and NMR. In-silico analysis indicates potential hepatotoxicity, mitochondrial toxicity, and reproductive toxicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The method demonstrated linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9990), precision (RSD < 1.34%), and sensitivity, with an LOD of 0.2 µg/mL and an LOQ of 0.4 µg/mL. Forced degradation revealed an unknown impurity at 2.4 min, which was structurally identified as N-hydroxycytidine using LC-MS and NMR. In-silico analysis indicates potential hepatotoxicity, mitochondrial toxicity, and reproductive toxicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The validated RP-HPLC method successfully detects and quantifies molnupiravir impurities, supporting routine quality control and regulatory compliance. The unknown impurity's toxicity profile suggests the need for in vivo safety studies before official monograph inclusion.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>This research introduces a precise RP-HPLC method to evaluate molnupiravir's quality for COVID-19 treatment. It identified an impurity, characterized it, and predicted its safety to enhance our understanding of ensuring quality control for this vital drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":94064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AOAC International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for Detecting Salmonella Ser. Typhimurium in Egg Products.","authors":"Lijun Hu, Guodong Zhang","doi":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide, detection of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium is essential for food safety and public health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella ser. Typhimurium in egg products.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The primer set targeting the open reading frame STM3845 of Salmonella ser. Typhimurium was designed using PrimerExplorer V4. The LAMP assay was optimized by adjusting reagent concentrations, reaction temperature, and incubation time, achieving the highest amplification/fluorescence in a 25.0 µL reaction at 65 °C for 30 minutes. Results indicated that the newly designed assay could successfully detect and differentiate Salmonella ser. Typhimurium from other Salmonella serotypes and non-Salmonella bacterial pathogens except for Salmonella serotypes Montevideo, Michigan, and Senftenberg after testing 73 Salmonella ser. Typhimurium, 100 non-Typhimurium Salmonella, and 35 non-Salmonella bacterial pathogens of pure cultures. The LAMP assay was further compared with a commercial real-time PCR and FDA BAM culture method by testing pure culture and 200 inoculated (1-5 CFU/25g) egg and egg product samples, and proved to be comparable to FDA BAM culture method, it also demonstrated 100 times more sensitive than the real-time PCR assay in pure culture testing, with a detection limit of 0.56 log CFU/ml.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The newly developed LAMP assay offers a rapid, specific, and sensitive method for detecting Salmonella ser. Typhimurium in egg products. Its simplicity, speed, and sensitivity position it as a powerful tool for routine monitoring, outbreak investigation, and on-site testing in the food industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":94064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AOAC International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of a K Value Method for Freshness Evaluation of Bony Fish Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: An Interlaboratory Study.","authors":"Takeya Yoshioka, Tomoko Nishimura, Kanako Hashimoto, Kenji Ishihara, Masashi Kadokura, Tomoaki Moriyama, Yuko Murata, Kunihiko Konno, Toshiyuki Suzuki","doi":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf058","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Freshness is one of the most important qualities of fish and has a significant impact on utilization and commercial value. As global production and trade volumes of fishery products increase, standardization of scientific methods for evaluating fish freshness is required.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The K value based on the ratio of ATP derivative content is widely recognized as a scientific freshness index of fish. The aim of this study was to standardize the K value analysis method, which would be useful for fair commercial transactions of bony fish.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Conventional methods for analyzing K values of fish were modified. An interlaboratory study was conducted to evaluate the reproducibility of the method. The 11 participating laboratories analyzed 10 test samples (five pairs of blind duplicates of material) using HPLC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For five test materials with a K value of 6.12-83.4%, the range of reproducibility relative standard deviation (RSDR) was 1.3-3.5%. The reproducibility standard deviation (sR) was 0.21-1.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering the rate of increase of K value in typical bony fish species and storage conditions, the target value of sR was set to ≤1.25%, so detecting a difference of 5% in K values. The results of the interlaboratory study met this criterion.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>The precision of the method was found to be acceptable.</p>","PeriodicalId":94064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AOAC International","volume":" ","pages":"724-731"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144277069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of Enzytec™ Liquid D-Glucose for Enzymatic Determination of D-Glucose in Selected Foods and Beverages: Official Method 2024.03 First Action.","authors":"Markus Lacorn, Thomas Hektor","doi":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf045","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glucose is the most abundant monosaccharide. Glucose is mainly made by plants during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. It is therefore contained in many foodstuffs naturally or added later as an ingredient.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To validate the performance of the Enzytec™ Liquid D-Glucose for the determination of D-glucose in food and beverages such as fruit and vegetable juices, soft drinks, wines, and beer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The kit contains two ready-to-use components, which makes handling easy and suitable for automation. D-Glucose is phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) by a hexokinase and ATP. In the presence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and NAD, G-6-P reacts to gluconate-6-phosphate, whereby NADH is formed and measured at a wavelength of 340 nm within 20 minutes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mannose and D-fructose interfere at 5.1 and 12.5 g/L (or more), respectively. Sulfite does not interfere up to 1.25 g/L. The calculated LOD and LOQ when using a test solution volume of 100 µL are 1.4 and 4 mg/L, respectively. The linear measurement range is from 4 to 2000 mg/L D-glucose. Trueness was checked by using materials from NIST (cranberry juice) and one reference wine from the German Wine Analysts. Spiking of wine, beer, and juices resulted in recoveries between 93 and 101%. Analysis of NIST SRM 3282 resulted in an intermediate precision of 4.1%. For automation, three applications with different test solution volumes and different but overlapping measurement ranges were validated. Linearity is given from 2.4 up to 10 000 mg/L.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The method is robust and accurate for manual and automated applications. The method was approved as AOAC Official Method of Analysis℠.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>The ready-to-use components of the test kit have a shelf life of at least 29 months from the date of manufacture.</p>","PeriodicalId":94064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AOAC International","volume":" ","pages":"677-691"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Electrochemical Approach for a Flavonoid: Miquelianin via Carbon-Based Electrodes and Its Analysis from Calystegia silvatica.","authors":"Nurgul K Bakirhan, Sıla Ozlem Sener, Merve Yuzbasioglu Baran, Khadija Bahend, Ufuk Ozgen","doi":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jaoacint/qsaf032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Miquelianin (MIQ) is a natural phenolic compound found in various plants, including Salvia species, with potential health benefits due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study presents an investigation of the electrochemical oxidation pathway and sensitive analysis of MIQ, which was isolated from the aerial parts of Calystegia silvatica (CS) that grows in Trabzon, Turkey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electrochemical determination methods have gained significant attention for the quantitative analysis of bioactive compounds due to their simplicity, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness. The electrochemical determination of MIQ primarily involves the utilization of electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under optimum experimental conditions, a calibration plot for MIQ with LODs of 99.3 × 10-9 M and 145 × 10-9 M were obtained using DPV with glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) and boron-doped diamond electrodes (BDDEs) in the range of 2.0 × 10-6 to 3.6 × 10-5 M. The presented method was validated and successfully performed for the determination of MIQ from plant extracts with excellent recovery values as 104.7, 101.8, and 102.1%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study explores the electrochemical oxidation pathway and sensitive analysis of MIQ, isolated from C. silvatica in Trabzon, Turkey. GCEs and BDDEs as carbon-based electrodes were used for the sensitive analysis of MIQ in phosphate buffer (PB) solution at pH 7.0 solution. MIQ was detected using GCEs and BDDEs with limits of 99.3 × 10-9 M and 145 × 10-9 M, respectively, within a concentration range of 2.0 × 10-6 to 3.6 × 10-5 M. The validated method demonstrated excellent recovery values of 104.7, 101.8, and 102.1% for determining MIQ from plant extracts.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>This electrochemical method offers promising opportunities for accurate and sensitive analysis of MIQ. Continued research and technological advancements in this field can contribute to a deeper understanding of the electrochemical behavior of MIQ and facilitate its practical applications in pharmaceutical, food, and nutraceutical industries, promoting its utilization as a valuable bioactive compound.</p>","PeriodicalId":94064,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AOAC International","volume":" ","pages":"760-768"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}