JDS communications最新文献

{"title":"Effects of a novel onboard sorghum kernel processor and height of cut on berry processing score and ruminal in situ starch disappearance of forage sorghum ensiled for 0 and 90 days","authors":"Douglas Duhatschek ,&nbsp;Artur Grando Pilati ,&nbsp;Lyndon Luckasson ,&nbsp;John Goeser ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Coons ,&nbsp;Luiz F. Ferraretto ,&nbsp;Jourdan Bell ,&nbsp;Jason K. Smith ,&nbsp;Sushil Paudyal ,&nbsp;Juan M. Piñeiro","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0762","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effects of forage sorghum silage harvest settings, combining cut height, onboard sorghum kernel processor (KP) technology, and ensiling duration, on berry processing score (BPS_2.36) and ruminal in situ starch disappearance at 7 h (isSD7). Three harvest settings were tested: a 20-cm cut height, with and without KP (Low+KP, Low-noKP), and a 120-cm cut height with KP (High+KP). A commercial sorghum field was divided into 9 squares, with 3 squares randomly selected as blocks. Duplicate samples were collected and ensiled in vacuum-sealed bags for 0 or 90 d. Samples were analyzed for nutrient composition, BPS_2.36, and isSD7. Raising the cut height from 20 to 120 cm increased DM, CP, and starch content, and reduced ADF and NDF. The BPS_2.36 was lowest for Low-noKP, intermediate for Low+KP, and highest for High+KP (8.16%, 56.2%, and 70.8% ± 1.04% of starch, respectively). The isSD7 was increased for kernel-processed sorghum ensiled for 90 d compared with unprocessed or nonensiled samples. The sorghum KP set at 0.5-mm roll clearance enhanced BPS_2.36 of sorghum, which considerably improved isSD7 following 90 d of ensiling storage duration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 644-648"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handling errors in the response: Considerations for leveraging unsupervised or incomplete data for genetic evaluations","authors":"Xiao-Lin Wu ,&nbsp;John B. Cole ,&nbsp;Andres Legarra ,&nbsp;Kristen L. Parker Gaddis ,&nbsp;João W. Dürr","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0668","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate genetic evaluations rely on high-quality phenotypic data; however, measurement errors and data inconsistencies—such as those arising from unsupervised or incomplete sources—pose challenges to their reliability. This study investigates the effect of response errors on genetic evaluations across continuous and categorical traits. We introduce an additive measurement error model to illustrate how phenotypic errors influence genetic effects and variance estimation. Next, we examine a binary trait scenario, demonstrating the utility of sensitivity and specificity in adjusting observed incidence rates for misclassified data. To further illustrate genetic evaluation in the presence of misclassifications, we proposed a mixed effects liability model assuming unequal sensitivity and specificity or varied false-positive and false-negative rates. Our findings underscore the necessity of integrating measurement error models into genetic evaluation frameworks to reduce bias and enhance predictive accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 675-680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling moisture sorption isotherms of milk powders at ambient and elevated temperatures using the dynamic dewpoint isotherm (DDI) method","authors":"Erika Kadas,&nbsp;Abass Oduola,&nbsp;Peter M. Rubinelli,&nbsp;Griffiths G. Atungulu,&nbsp;Jennifer C. Acuff","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0683","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The water activity of milk powders is a critical parameter for predicting quality and safety, but some retailers in the supply chain may be limited to measuring moisture content, which can be easier and more affordable. Moisture sorption isotherms relate moisture content to the corresponding water activity. In this study, moisture adsorption and desorption isotherms were determined for nonfat dry milk (NFDM) and milk protein concentrate (MPC-85) powder samples at ambient and elevated temperatures via the modernized dynamic dewpoint isotherm (DDI) method. Previously cited models (with coefficients determined through linear regression) were also fit to the data for predictive applications of determining shelf life and the potential changes to quality that thermal treatments or elevated storage temperatures could cause. The adsorption isotherms of NFDM were type II, whereas MPC-85 adsorption isotherms were type III. Both NFDM and MPC-85 exhibited type III desorption isotherms, likely due to crystalline components. Temperature significantly affected the adsorption and desorption isotherms of both NFDM and MPC-85. Hysteresis was observed between the adsorption and desorption isotherms for both powders at all temperatures, but the magnitude was greater for MPC-85. The modified Oswin, modified Chung-Pfost, and Guggenheim, Anderson, de Boer models best described NFDM and MPC-85 adsorption and desorption to different degrees, highlighting that treatment and storage of the powders are influenced by both composition and temperature. These findings provide tools for prediction and assessment of quality of 2 vastly different milk powders, which inform handling, processing, and storing milk powders with different protein and lactose concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 629-634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal imaging for estimating melting point in cheese: A cost-effective alternative to rheology","authors":"Zeel Modi,&nbsp;Prafulla Salunke","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0765","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The melting characteristics of cheese play a pivotal role in determining functional performance in various applications. Measuring the meltability and melting point of cheese is a challenge and requires sophisticated equipment, a laboratory setup, and personnel training, and the cost can be prohibitive. Over the years, many tests have been developed to determine the meltability or melting point of cheese. Currently, the melting point of cheese is measured using a specialized instrument, a rheometer for dynamic stress rheology values, to calculate the transition temperature (tan δ). It measures the transition of cheese from the solid to the viscous phase as the cheese is heated. However, the test is time-consuming. A thermal infrared (IR) image camera and software analysis can be used to quickly measure cheese's meltability and melting point. The study was designed to develop a method to estimate the melting point of cheese using a thermal imaging camera, providing a more practical and cost-effective alternative to conventional rheological analysis. Commercial samples of cheeses, including natural Cheddar and various processed cheese slices, were procured from the market. The samples were analyzed for meltability using the tube melt, Schreiber melt, and rheological (G′, G″, and tan δ) tests. The thermal IR image camera test method was developed, and the data were processed using software to determine the melting point. The experiment was conducted in triplicate using different lots of cheese. The collected data were statistically analyzed using RStudio. The melt temperature points from the thermal image camera after 1 min were then correlated with the rheological analysis, and the R² was calculated. The melt characteristics differed significantly according to cheese type. The melting points (tan δ) obtained using a rheometer for cheeses varied between 46.66°C and 64.33°C, and the corresponding values from image analysis were between 48.07°C and 64.61°C. The R² values for the correlations ranged from 0.804 to 0.813, demonstrating a strong relationship between the rheological and image analysis methods. Additionally, thermal images identify the cheese's melting point and heat distribution. The detailed interpretation aids researchers in understanding the thermal properties and structural changes during melting, while also providing sales professionals with informative visual representations to effectively showcase product quality and performance. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that a thermal imaging method provides a practical, quick, and cost-effective approach for estimating the melting point in cheese compared with conventional rheological analysis and can be used on-site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 635-639"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between birth or calving seasons and first-lactation performance of Holstein cows in the Midwestern United States","authors":"K.N. Brost,&nbsp;J.K. Drackley","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0764","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to establish the effects of birth season on performance of first-lactation Holstein cows. Further analysis was conducted to determine if the impact of calving season was a more appropriate indicator. This study analyzed data from 2009 to 2022 and included 524 primiparous Holstein cows from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Dairy Research Unit (Urbana, IL). Cows were managed per farm protocols. Seasons were assigned by birth and calving months: winter (December, January, February), spring (March, April, May), summer (June, July, August), and fall (September, October, November). The main comparison was winter versus summer seasons of birth and calving, but summer versus non-summer and winter versus non-winter were also used. Data were analyzed using the MIXED, UNIVARIATE, and MEANS procedures in SAS v. 9.4. Based on the first-lactation data, average test day milk yield (kg) for d 5 to 35 was less for summer-born cows in comparison to winter and non-summer-born cows. Average first test day fat and protein percentages were less for summer-born cows in contrast to winter. The length of pregnancy was less for summer-born cows compared with non-summer. The age at first calving (AFC) was lower for summer-born cows in comparison to winter and non-summer, whereas winter was greater than non-winter. No differences were observed for the number of times bred, number of lactations, or 305-d milk yield. Summer-calving cows tended to have less first test day milk yield (kg) compared with non-summer. First test day fat and protein percentages were lower for summer in comparison to winter and non-summer, whereas winter was greater than non-winter. Days pregnant were fewer for summer-calving cows relative to winter. Summer-calving cows stayed in the herd for fewer lactations than winter and non-summer, however winter-calving cows stayed for a greater number of lactations. Cows that calved in winter and summer tended to have lower AFC relative to non-winter and non-summer-calving cows, respectively. No differences were observed in times bred or 305-d milk yield. Overall, an association between birth and calving seasons was observed, suggesting their influence on first-lactation performance. Birth season data were more closely related to first test day milk yield and AFC, whereas calving season had a greater effect on first test day milk components and productive life, implying greater focus should be placed on calf husbandry and first-lactation cows calving during the warmest season in the Midwestern United States.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 640-643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of pasture herbage intake equations based on dairy cow behavior recorded with the RumiWatch system","authors":"Fredy Schori ,&nbsp;Thorsten Haak ,&nbsp;Jessica Werner","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0752","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate estimation of individual feed intake is essential for calculating feed efficiency, planning diets, monitoring cow herds, and managing grazing cows. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and applicability of estimation equations developed to predict pasture herbage DMI (PHDMI) in dairy cows using behavioral traits recorded and scored by the RumiWatch system. The study had 4 primary objectives: (1) to compare the behavioral characteristic outputs of 2 versions of the RumiWatch converter (0.7.3.31 and 0.7.3.36); (2) to validate existing PHDMI estimation equations using an independent dataset of Swiss Fleckvieh and Holstein cows; (3) to assess the suitability of the equations for estimating the intake of fresh herbage and hay fed indoors; and (4) to determine whether the RumiWatch halter impedes feed intake. Nine behavioral characteristics relevant to the PHDMI estimation equations were evaluated with both converters and found to be consistent, with negligible differences in the results. The validation of 6 of the PHDMI estimation equations appeared to provide individual intake predictions for grazing cows with low mean bias and may be suitable for herd-level assessments. For individual cow PHDMI estimation, the utility appeared limited, as only a very small proportion of PHDMI variability was explained by the equations. However, the calculated root mean square error of ~15% is in the acceptable range, according to the literature. As expected, the equations largely underestimated the intake of fresh forage and hay fed indoors, negating their suitability for estimating the intake of combinations of grazed herbage and barn-fed forages. A comparison of hay intake in cows with or without the halter showed no evidence that wearing a correctly fitted RumiWatch halter reduced hay intake. These results highlight the potential of the RumiWatch system and the associated estimation equations to support herd-level PHDMI and underscore the need for further testing to improve its performance in diverse feeding environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 660-664"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward the future of next-generation dairy foods—A processing perspective and economic analysis*","authors":"Gulustan Ozturk ,&nbsp;Charles F. Nicholson ,&nbsp;Richard W. Hartel","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0727","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is a need for sustainable food production and processing that reduces resource use and increases the availability of nutritious, innovative, and sustainable food. A coordinated, multisectoral approach across the food supply chain is essential to address global food and nutrition insecurity. The dairy industry produces abundant bioactive compound streams that can be examined for their valuable functionalities. Whey protein phospholipid concentrate (WPPC) is a byproduct of whey protein isolate production and a source of many bioactive compounds, including the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM). Milk fat globule membrane has unique functionalities, such as promoting brain development, modulating the immune system, improving the growth of desirable gut bacteria, and reducing inflammatory and metabolic diseases. We recently demonstrated that WPPC contained relatively higher levels of MFGM proteins, representing 23% of the total protein and phospholipids accounting for 20% of the total fatty acid pool. In this symposium review, we use WPPC as a case study to demonstrate dairy streams with the potential to be used as cutting-edge ingredients to develop next-generation dairy foods that are nourishing, innovative, and sustainable. Additionally, we assessed the economic costs and benefits of higher-valued uses of WPPC (e.g., in human food applications rather than as animal feed), which complements the discussion of the functionality of WPPC in various applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 714-719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding rumen-protected choline to prepartum Holstein cows in negative energy balance increases circulating lipoprotein phosphatidylcholine and triglyceride concentrations","authors":"W.A. Myers ,&nbsp;M.G. Zenobi ,&nbsp;D.C. Reyes ,&nbsp;J.E.P. Santos ,&nbsp;C.R. Staples ,&nbsp;J.W. McFadden","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0661","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rumen-protected choline (RPC) supplementation in dairy cows may increase hepatic phosphatidylcholine (PC) synthesis, thereby promoting triacylglycerol (TAG) secretion within very-low-density lipoproteins. To investigate the effects of dietary RPC on lipoprotein PC and TAG concentrations, pregnant, nonlactating, multiparous Holstein cows were supplemented with RPC (ReaShure, Balchem Corp.) at 0 (control), 30, 60, 90, and 120 g/d, corresponding to choline ion equivalents of 0, 6.45, 12.9, 19.4, and 25.0 g/d, respectively. Cows were fed diets that met or slightly exceeded their net energy and MP requirements for maintenance and pregnancy for 5 d, followed by a 9-d period of restricted intake (∼31% of these requirements). Preprandial plasma (n = 41, from cows in 0, 60, and 120 g/d RPC treatments) and liver samples (n = 72, from cows across all RPC treatments) were collected on d 9 of feed restriction. Plasma TAG-rich and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) fractions were isolated using liquid chromatography. Total TAG, cholesterol, and phospholipid concentrations in these lipoprotein fractions were measured. Circulating lipoprotein fractions and liver samples were processed for lipidomics. Data were analyzed using a mixed model, with calf birth weight and days prepartum at enrollment as covariates. Normalized omics data were natural-log-transformed. Plasma concentrations of total TAG within the TAG-rich lipoprotein fraction increased both linearly and quadratically, whereas total cholesterol exhibited a linear increase with higher RPC intake. In the LDL fraction, total TAG concentrations showed a similar linear and quadratic response, whereas total phospholipid concentrations increased linearly, and cholesterol concentrations remained unaffected by RPC supplementation. Most detectable PC and ether-linked PC species concentrations within the TAG-rich lipoprotein fraction increased linearly with RPC intake (42 out of 45 species; e.g., PC 34:3). Conversely, dietary RPC supplementation resulted in a modest increase in hepatic concentrations of PC species compared with the control (36 out of 57 species), characterized by an increase in highly unsaturated species (e.g., 36:5) and a decrease in those with a lower degree of saturation. Furthermore, increasing amounts of supplemental RPC resulted to linear, quadratic, and overall increases in the hepatic ratio of select PC to PE ion intensities compared with the control (8, 11, and 13 out of 17, respectively). In conclusion, RPC supplementation increased TAG concentrations within lipoprotein fractions in Holstein cows experiencing negative energy balance. The observed changes in hepatic and lipoprotein PC concentrations support enhanced very-low-density lipoprotein secretion in cows fed RPC. These findings suggest that RPC increases lipoprotein PC and TAG concentrations and reduces hepatic TAG deposition in dairy cows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 304-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observational study on calf carcasses in 2 processing plants for animal byproducts in Germany","authors":"M. Sickinger ,&nbsp;A. Wehrend","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0687","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the dairy industry, surplus calves have been reported to be especially prone to poor welfare on farms and to inappropriate killing of male calves for economic reasons. Therefore, this study aimed to examine calf carcasses for evidence of inappropriate killing and diseases that may have caused prolonged suffering and unnecessary pain in the course of their lives. Our study was conducted during March 2022 and from April to May 2023 in 2 animal byproduct processing plants, where we carried out external inspections of the carcasses to record the sex of the animals and check for the presence of identification marks. We paid particular attention to findings relevant to animal welfare that suggested improper killing or unnecessary suffering and pain in the animals. The examinations included observations on the skinned carcasses (in plant 1), as well as on carcasses in the blanket, the opening of the trachea, and the carpal and tarsal joints (i.e., partial necropsy). In total, 981 calves from dairy cattle and beef cattle herds were examined on 19 delivery days. This encompassed 450 calves at the first location and 531 at the second location. In total, 515 calves were male and 465 were female. The sex of one animal could not be determined because of the nutritional trace on the carcass. Ear tags were not inserted in 588 calves. Five of the 588 calves initially had ear tags. Ear tags were detected in 393 calves. At partial necropsy, 18 animals were diagnosed with profound emaciation. Additionally, arthritis existed in 9 animals. Chronic diseases other than arthritis were observed in 27 (2.8%) of 981 animals. Arthromyodysplastic syndrome was diagnosed in 26 animals. Fractures were found in 38 animals, of which only 3 cases occurred antemortem. The remaining 35 cases of fracture occurred postmortem as a result of transportation. No animal had signs of improper obstetric care. Amniotic fluid was detected in the lumen of the trachea of 122 stillborn calves (i.e., death sub natu). In contrast to the situation reported in pigs, no evidence existed in the 2 animal byproduct processing plants investigated for calf carcasses that inappropriate killing and diseases leading to prolonged suffering and unnecessary pain before death represented systemic problems. No fundamental need for routine testing of animal carcasses existed in either animal byproduct processing plant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 368-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breeding for improved heat tolerance in dairy cattle: Methods, challenges, and progress*","authors":"Ignacy Misztal ,&nbsp;Luiz F. Brito ,&nbsp;Daniela Lourenco","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0651","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat tolerance in dairy cattle has likely deteriorated over time due to unfavorable genetic correlations between milk production level and heat tolerance, with stronger deterioration in later parities. The dairy cattle industry has responded to the challenge of heat stress by implementing management modifications. Methodology exists to calculate genetic prediction of breeding values for high production under heat stress conditions, with high reliabilities of breeding values obtained when incorporating genomic information. However, cows that maintain production during the heat stress peak have an increased likelihood of death. One remedy would be selection for better fertility and survival under heat stress, but with a low volume of data and low heritabilities, corresponding reliabilities may be too low for an efficient selection. In environments where intensive management is too expensive, an ideal cow would maintain production in a favorable climate, would briefly reduce production during heat stress, and would restore production after the heat stress conditions are over. As there are many biological mechanisms involved in heat stress response, in addition to deriving heat tolerance indicators based on variability in performance traits under heat stress conditions, novel traits that capture physiological, behavioral, and anatomical traits related to heat stress response, less dependent on production level, could also contribute to breeding for improved heat tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 464-468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}