JDS communications最新文献

{"title":"Association between the lunar cycle and pregnancy at first artificial insemination of Holstein cows","authors":"P. Pinedo ,&nbsp;K. Keller ,&nbsp;M. Schatte ,&nbsp;J. Velez ,&nbsp;T. Grandin","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0722","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this observational study was to analyze the association of the lunar cycle with pregnancy at first artificial insemination (P/AI1) of Holstein cows. The study cows were managed under organic certification, which prohibits the use of exogenous hormones for synchronization of ovulation and requires continuous access to open dry lots. Two categorizations of the lunar cycle were used for the analysis: lunar phases 4 (LP4) with 4 categories of equal duration (new moon to first quarter, first quarter to full moon, full moon to third quarter; and third quarter to new moon) and lunar phases 8 (LP8) with 8 categories (new moon, first quarter, full moon, third quarter [set to 1 d duration each] and waxing crescent, waxing gibbous, waning gibbous, and waning crescent [4 d of duration each]). Two sets of data were created where first postpartum inseminations were matched with the corresponding lunar phase for the 2 categorizations (LP4 and LP8) using the artificial insemination (AI) dates. Data were examined separately in primiparous and multiparous cows. Least squares means for P/AI1 by lunar phase were calculated and compared using ANOVA. Potential associations between P/AI1 and the 2 lunar phase categorizations were initially tested by chi-squared test of independence followed by multivariable logistic regression. Differences in P/AI1 LSM were established only in primiparous cows in the LP8 categorization. Cows receiving AI1 during the first quarter had a smaller probability of P/AI1 (0.29) as compared with waxing gibbous (0.39), waning crescent (0.40), waning gibbous (0.42), and third quarter (0.46). The logistic regression analyses were completed using the new moon category as reference. The analysis identified greater odds of P/AI1 during the third quarter than during the new moon in both primiparous (odds ratio [95% CI] = 1.15 [1.02–1.30]) and multiparous (1.12 [1.01–1.24]) cows. When LP8 was considered for the logistic regression analysis, associations between the lunar cycle and P/AI1 were only identified in primiparous cows for the first quarter compared with the new moon (odds ratio [95% CI] = 0.67 [0.47–0.94]). In conclusion, this study identified small associations between the lunar cycle and pregnancy at first insemination of Holstein cows maintained in an organic-certified herd. Validating the associations described here and clarifying the biological basis of the reported differences in P/AI1 would require controlled studies in other cattle populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 400-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of the lactose content and other osmotic agents in milk throughout lactation according to the cow's parity","authors":"A. Hamon ,&nbsp;J. Guinard-Flament ,&nbsp;A. Costa ,&nbsp;A. Fischer ,&nbsp;P. Faverdin ,&nbsp;M. Gelé ,&nbsp;A. Boudon ,&nbsp;S. Lemosquet","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0717","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Milk lactose content (LC) is known to vary due to metabolic disorders and udder inflammation. To assess its ability to serve as a marker of these 2 disorders, it is important to first understand its dynamics for healthy cows, particularly its relation with milk osmolarity, because it is the main osmotic agent. To assess the dynamics of LC, we studied relations among contents of lactose and other major osmotic agents in milk throughout lactation in different parities. Cows were fed a constant TMR diet throughout lactation. The profile of osmotic agents in morning milk (lactose, K, Na, Cl, and protein) was measured in the milk of 30 cows (17 primiparous and 13 multiparous). To avoid confounding effects due to udder inflammation, data from cows with unhealthy udders (i.e., 2 or more milk samples with SCC &gt;200,000 cells/mL) were excluded (n = 2 primiparous and 3 multiparous). From 12 to 235 DIM, 8 to 9 samples per cow were first taken 2 wk apart, and then taken monthly. A regression model that included cow parity, DIM, their interaction, and a random cow effect was used to illustrate the dynamics of milk osmolarity and each osmotic agent throughout lactation. Milk osmolarity remained stable throughout lactation (279 ± 0.3 mOsm/L), with no significant difference between primiparous and multiparous cows. The contents of lactose, K, Na, Cl, and protein explained 86.4% of milk osmolarity. Milk LC was lower for multiparous compared with primiparous cows over the entire lactation period, except at 12 DIM, when both parity cows had similar LC. For multiparous cows, the lower LC was compensated by higher Na content. Principal component analysis of all osmotic agents explained 82% and 83% of the cumulative variance throughout lactation for primiparous and multiparous cows, respectively. At 12 DIM, multiparous cows had lower LC and Cl and K contents compared with primiparous cows, which exhibited only lower LC compared with the rest of the lactation period. From 40 to 235 DIM, however, milk from the 2 parities had similar dynamics of osmotic agents: K content decreased and protein content increased. This study revealed that in cows with healthy udders, the dynamics of LC and other osmotic agents contents in milk differed between parities and throughout lactation to maintain a constant milk osmolarity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 432-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the structure–function relationship in selected dairy food matrices using material science approaches*","authors":"Prateek Sharma,&nbsp;Pragya Choudhary","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0685","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dairy foods are available in a variety of physical forms, including liquid, semi-solids, and solids. The desired functionality of these foods depends upon the end user application (e.g., viscoelasticity of cheese in high-speed processing, powder rheology for bulk handling, and gelling behavior for texturization). The theoretical basis for functionality in each food matrix is derived from the multiple layers of food structure and the way different molecules interact with one another at different length scales. Modifying food structure through changing formulation or processing conditions is an effective way of controlling functionality. The accurate characterization of food structure and material properties plays a significant role in optimizing functionality and designing equipment. This work presents how the use of novel material science approaches can not only be helpful in understanding the structure–function relationship in various dairy food matrices (slicing of cheese, powder rheology, high-solid spray drying, and cold gelling behavior of highly concentrated micellar casein concentrate), but also in potentially improving the profitability and efficiency of commercial dairy manufacturing operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 448-451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of the optimal diagnostic criteria combination for reproductive tract diseases in dairy cows of 100 days in milk or more","authors":"J. Dubuc ,&nbsp;J.C. Arango-Sabogal ,&nbsp;V. Fauteux ,&nbsp;J. Denis-Robichaud ,&nbsp;S. Buczinski","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0690","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to determine the optimal diagnostic criteria combination for purulent vaginal discharge (PVD) and endometritis (ENDO) in cows ≥100 DIM to predict the probability of pregnancy. A prospective observational study was conducted in 24 commercial Holstein herds selected by convenience. Cows ≥100 DIM identified as nonpregnant by veterinarians were systematically enrolled in the study and were examined with a Metricheck device (discharge) and a cytobrush device combined with a leukocyte esterase test. No reproductive tract treatments were allowed and cows were systematically enrolled on an ovulation synchronization protocol and inseminated. Data from 1,064 reproductive tract examination events from 918 different Holstein cows were included. Diagnostic criteria combinations of discharge score and esterase score were used to identify PVD and ENDO, respectively. Combinations were compared using mixed logistic regression models accounting for diagnostic criteria (PVD and ENDO), DIM, parity, and season, as well as herd and cow clustering as random effects. The optimal diagnostic criteria combination was chosen based on the variation explained when these thresholds were included in a model (lowest Akaike information criterion; AIC), and their ability to predict pregnancy status (highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC). The lowest AIC (1,021) and highest AUC (0.898) were obtained with a combination of a discharge score ≥2 (flecks of pus or worse) for PVD and an esterase score ≥0.5 (trace of leukocytes or worse) for ENDO. Based on these criteria, the proportions of PVD and ENDO were 21.5% and 37.8%, respectively. The overall probability pregnancy at artificial insemination was 30.7%; it was higher in unaffected cows than in cows with reproductive tract diseases. In conclusion, the optimal diagnostic criteria combination for cows ≥100 DIM was a discharge score ≥2 for PVD and a esterase score ≥0.5 for ENDO, and cows with PVD or ENDO had poorer reproductive success than unaffected cows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 373-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of a national evaluation system in promoting dairy sustainability*","authors":"Asha M. Miles ,&nbsp;Kristen L. Parker Gaddis ,&nbsp;John B. Cole ,&nbsp;Robert H. Fourdraine","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0645","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable agriculture is best defined as a balance of practices that promote economic vitality, protect the natural environment, and build healthy communities in the present without compromising the future. The dairy industry has achieved tremendous gains in productive efficiency following decades of work with these goals in mind. A major tool contributing to this progress is the US National Cooperator Database (NCD), developed in partnership with key industry groups. Involving a complex system of both domestic and international data sharing, the NCD now includes &gt;9 million genotypes, &gt;100 million pedigrees, and &gt;100 million lactation records. The primary outputs of this system are national genetic and genomic evaluations, published tri-annually. Greater genetic gains have resulted in faster rates of inbreeding, a well-established antagonist to cow health and performance. Dairy genetics are traded all over the world, and the NCD enables the monitoring of inbreeding at the global population level. Dairy systems are continually evolving thanks to technology advancements, changing consumer values, and resource availability; frequent interrogation of the NCD can facilitate the early detection of changing industry trends that affect the accuracy of existing evaluations, but also highlight the need for improvement tools that are just as dynamic as the dairy industry. An industry-wide effort is underway to develop a herd-level sustainability metrics platform that would support dairy producer ability to farm and track their progress in key health and production areas. This pre-competitive collaboration among dairy industry groups ensures the reliable flow of accurate data so we can continue to develop tools to support the dairy producer in the present and future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 458-463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of double disinfectant application during premilking teat disinfection on teat cleanliness, bacterial count, and mastitis in pasture-grazed dairy cows","authors":"Thiago Resin Niero ,&nbsp;Roberto Kappes ,&nbsp;Angelica Leticia Scheid ,&nbsp;Andreina Ferreira Ramos ,&nbsp;Larissa Henrique da Silva ,&nbsp;Leonardo Leite Cardozo ,&nbsp;Sandra Maria Ferraz ,&nbsp;André Thaler Neto","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0696","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of double disinfectant application during premilking teat disinfection on heavily soiled teats has proven effective in reducing the teat cleanliness score and certain bacterial groups in freestall confined cows. We aimed to compare the efficacy of a single (SDA; before forestripping) and a double (DDA; before and after forestripping) disinfectant application on teat cleanliness score, bacterial counts, and the incidence of subclinical and clinical mastitis in pasture-grazed dairy cows. Initially, 2 groups of 8 cows were assigned to receive either SDA or DDA lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide application, using a dip cup. The treatments were applied at every milking to all lactating cows participating in the experiment. The experiment was conducted over an 8-mo period. Cows calving during this period were alternately assigned to one of the 2 groups after 7 d. Every 15 d, both before (PRE) and after (POST) treatment, we evaluated the teat cleanliness score (TCS) and collected swabs from teat skin to quantify gram-negative bacteria (coliform and noncoliform), <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp., <em>Streptococcus</em> spp., and total bacterial count (TBC). On the same day, we also collected milk samples from individual cows to measure SCC and identify subclinical mastitis (SCC ≥200,000 cells/mL). We then classified the cows as having no subclinical mastitis and new subclinical cases based on 2 consecutive analyses. Clinical mastitis cases were recorded throughout the experiment. A variance analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of treatment on bacterial count, TCS, and SCS. After disinfection, gram-negative and <em>Streptococcus</em> spp. were the most reduced type of bacteria regardless treatment. No significant differences were observed between the DDA and SDA groups for TCS, counts of coliforms, gram-negative noncoliform bacteria, <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp., <em>Streptococcus</em> spp., and TBC PRE and POST application or in reducing these variables. We transformed SCC into SCS, which was similar between groups, as well as the subclinical and clinical mastitis cases. In situations with lightly soiled teats, an extra application of disinfectant during premilking teat disinfection did not significantly improve TCS, reduce bacterial counts, SCS, or decrease the incidence of subclinical and clinical mastitis compared with a single application of disinfectant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 389-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of frozen storage of bovine colostrum for up to 1 year on concentrations of immunoglobulins and insulin as well as bacterial counts","authors":"Trent A. Westhoff,&nbsp;Sabine Mann","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0731","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Freezing colostrum is a common management strategy to ensure availability of high-quality colostrum for each calf. Limited data are available on the effects of freezing colostrum on important colostral components. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of freezing bovine colostrum at −20°C for 1 yr on concentrations of IgG, IgA, IgM, and insulin, as well as on total plate count (TPC) and coliform counts (TCC). Composite colostrum samples (250 mL) were collected from the complete first milking from Holstein cows (n = 10), immediately cooled on ice, and divided into fourteen 8-mL aliquots. One aliquot was stored on ice for analysis within 6 h of collection (fresh) and 13 additional aliquots were frozen and stored at −20°C for subsequent analyses upon thawing at 21°C to 24°C in 4-wk intervals. All samples were analyzed for Brix % via a digital Brix refractometer; IgG, IgA, and IgM via radial immunodiffusion; insulin via radio immunoassay; and TPC and TCC via commercial ready-to-use aerobic bacterial culture plates. Data were analyzed using mixed effects repeated-measures ANOVA. Compared with fresh colostrum, Brix % was 4.1% ± 0.9% to 6.2% ± 0.9% lower between 4 and 52 wk. Concentration of IgG was reduced 8.1% ± 2.8%, 7.6% ± 2.5%, and 8.2% ± 2.3% at 32, 44, and 48 wk relative to sampling, respectively. Freezing colostrum did not affect concentrations of IgA or IgM. Insulin concentrations were reduced 14.5% ± 3.5% at 16 wk, 11.1% ± 3.0% at 40 wk, 18.4% ± 3.3% at 48 wk, and 20.8% ± 3.2% at 52 wk relative to sampling compared with insulin concentration determined in fresh colostrum. Coliform count was reduced 22.1% ± 7.6% by 4 wk and continued to be lower at each time point through 52 wk. Total plate count was reduced at 4, 20, and 24 wk to 46.9% (30.9%–71.4%), 47.9% (31.5%–72.9%), and 51.0% (33.3%–78.1%) of the TPC in the fresh colostrum, but did not differ at the other time points. We conclude that freezing colostrum appeared to affect Brix %, TCC, and concentrations of IgG and insulin. As such, producers should store colostrum at −20°C for no longer than 32 wk to minimize the risk of a change in the composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 406-410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carryover effects of 4 daily rumen drenches of maize gluten meal and rumen-protected essential amino acids initiated immediately after calving","authors":"C.K. Reynolds ,&nbsp;L.A. Crompton ,&nbsp;A.K. Jones ,&nbsp;C.G. Bartram","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0689","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective was to determine the effects of a daily rumen drench of maize gluten meal, as a source of RUP, and rumen-protected Met, Lys, and His for the first 4 d of lactation on DMI and milk production and composition of dairy cows during their first 12 wk of lactation. Twenty multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned at calving to a control rumen drench of 30 L of warm water or a 30-L aqueous suspension of maize gluten meal and rumen-protected Met, Lys, and His calculated to provide Met, Lys, His, and Leu for absorption equal to their amounts in 600 g of casein. Cows received their first drench within 8 h of calving and then again 24, 48, and 72 h later. Cows were fed a TMR for ad libitum consumption and at 7 DIM cows were moved from calving boxes to a cubicle yard, and measurements of daily DMI and milk yield and weekly milk composition, BW, and BCS were obtained through wk 12 postpartum. A blood plasma sample obtained at 7 DIM was analyzed for metabolite, protein, and albumin concentration. There was no effect of treatment on DMI or milk yield, but milk fat concentration was higher and milk protein concentration tended to be higher for treated cows during wk 2 to 12. While BCS was not affected, treated cows gained BW over the course of the study (+32 kg), whereas control cows maintained a similar BW (−3 kg). Plasma metabolite and protein concentrations were not affected by treatment. Four daily rumen doses of supplemental RUP and rumen-protected EAA, initiated within hours of calving, had sustained positive effects on milk fat and protein concentration and BW of lactating Holstein cows, suggesting homeorhetic effects that warrant further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 324-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between milk pump type and free fatty acid concentrations on dairy farms with automated milking systems","authors":"Hannah M. Woodhouse ,&nbsp;Stephen J. LeBlanc ,&nbsp;Trevor J. DeVries ,&nbsp;Karen J. Hand ,&nbsp;David F. Kelton","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0666","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High levels of free fatty acids (FFA) in milk (≥1.20 mmol FFA/100 g of fat) indicate excessive milk fat breakdown and compromise milk quality. Automated milking systems (AMS) have become more common in the dairy industry, but questions about their effect on milk quality, including FFA, remain. On average, AMS-milked herds have greater FFA levels in bulk tank milk than parlor-milked herds. The difference in milk pump type between some AMS and parlor systems may be a contributing factor. The objective of this study was to investigate whether a positive displacement milk pump (PDMP) would be associated with greater FFA when compared with a centrifugal milk pump (CMP) on AMS farms. We hypothesized that a PDMP would be associated with greater FFA levels because of the potential impact of high flow rates on milk fat globules. We conducted an observational pilot study using farm and milk quality data collected from Ontario, Canada, AMS herd visits. Monthly average milk composition data surrounding the farm visit date were obtained from the Dairy Farmers of Ontario and included FFA concentration, milk fat (% weighted volume), milk protein (% weighted volume), and milk shipment volume (L). A linear regression analysis was conducted with monthly average FFA as the outcome and pump type as the explanatory variable of interest, with other factors identified in previous research to be associated with increased FFA accounted for in the model. One hundred twenty-one AMS herds were visited between 2019 and 2021, with an average (± SD) monthly FFA of 0.86 ± 0.18 mmol/100 g of fat. Seventy-four farms (61%) had a PDMP, and the average FFA level was 0.88 mmol FFA/100 g of fat, which was above the provincial industry average and greater than AMS farms with a CMP. The results suggest that FFA may be slightly greater on AMS farms with PDMP (β = 0.04 mmol FFA/100 g milk fat, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.10), but the difference was not statistically significant and is small compared with other previously identified FFA factors. However, this could be due to a small sample size and few study farms with high FFA levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 309-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond immunoglobulin G: Dissecting the role of colostrum in programming early immune function in calves*","authors":"L. Rostoll-Cangiano ,&nbsp;M. Cid de la Paz ,&nbsp;J.F. Pierre","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0733","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adequate colostrum intake is essential for neonatal calf health and development, not only reducing disease incidence but also promoting accelerated growth, earlier reproductive maturity, improved first-lactation milk yields, and lower culling rates. Although these advantages might be partly attributed to antibody-mediated disease prevention, emerging evidence highlights the critical role of colostrum's bioactive components in programming postnatal development. Colostrum's nutrient and bioactive composition is uniquely tailored to meet the developmental needs of newborn calves. Compared with mature milk, colostrum contains higher concentrations of proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, along with an array of growth factors and bioactive molecules that exert a foundational influence on the adaptation to extrauterine life. A deeper understanding of how these colostrum bioactive components collectively influence calf health is important to improve colostrum management and pave the way for refined nutritional and care strategies to support calves during this critical developmental period. In this review, we explore the multifaceted role of bovine colostrum beyond transfer of passive immunity, focusing on its influence in modulating early microbial encounters and guiding neonatal immune development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 474-478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}