Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Hybridizing ZnCo2O4-decorated MWCNTs: Electrode to symmetric solid-state supercapacitor configuration","authors":"Shrikant S. Raut,&nbsp;T. Kedara Shivasharma,&nbsp;Suraj R. Sankapal,&nbsp;Babasaheb R. Sankapal","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25706","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Meticulously crafted architectures of hybrid materials through logical and rational design play an essential role in amplifying the performance of supercapacitors. Herein, high-density sequential growth controlled ZnCo₂O₄ nanoparticles decorated on ‘dip and dry’ coated MWCNTs is proposed as a hybrid supercapacitive electrode to design a solid-state configured symmetric supercapacitor (SSS) device. Synthesized MWCNT/ZnCo₂O₄ has been utilized as an electrode at a scan rate of 5 mV s⁻¹ and a specific capacitance of 1081 F g⁻¹ is attained with 72% capacitive retention after 10,000 CV cycles. Furthermore, the MWCNTs/ZnCo₂O₄ device showcased a volumetric capacitance of 157 mF cm⁻³, a volumetric energy density of 21.80 mW h cm⁻³, and a balancing volumetric power density of 1509.79 mW cm⁻³ at a current density of 0.92 mA cm⁻³.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5386-5397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SF-PFE: A slow feature extraction method based on the fusion of fast and slow pathways for parallel linear and nonlinear process monitoring","authors":"Andong Zhu,&nbsp;Ying Tian,&nbsp;Zhong Yin,&nbsp;Xiuhui Huang","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25691","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In modern industrial processes, the behaviour of process variables often involves both linear and nonlinear dependencies, as well as distinct characteristics between high-frequency and low-frequency transformations. To address these complexities and improve the accuracy of process monitoring and fault detection, this research proposes a novel model called SF-PFE, designed for parallel feature extraction and monitoring. This model combines a linear mapping module with a transformation gate to simultaneously capture both linear and nonlinear features. Inspired by the SlowFast framework, it divides time-series data into two pathways: a slow pathway for low-frequency data and a fast pathway for high-frequency data. The extracted features are then integrated using methods such as feature concatenation and weighted summation, combining long-term and short-term data trends to enhance fault diagnosis. Furthermore, a slow feature constraint is employed to maintain variability while extracting speed-related features, offering better insight into dynamic process behaviours. Comprehensive experiments on the Tennessee Eastman process dataset show that SF-PFE significantly outperforms existing techniques in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5456-5476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient elevated temperature hydrogen direct purification and separation technology","authors":"Yurui Wang,&nbsp;Peixuan Hao,&nbsp;Dongdong Wang,&nbsp;Fuhua Xu,&nbsp;Tongyu Liu,&nbsp;Lu Wang,&nbsp;Shuang Li,&nbsp;Yixiang Shi,&nbsp;Ningsheng Cai","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25699","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogen, essential as a clean energy carrier and chemical feedstock, demands purification processes that are both efficient and economical. This study presents an analysis of the elevated temperature hydrogen direct purification and separation (HDPS) technology, an innovative method for achieving high hydrogen recovery rates. The LaNi₄Al alloy, utilized as an absorbent, operates effectively at elevated temperatures and exhibits resilience against impurities. The HDPS process is strategically designed, incorporating pressurization, absorption, co-current blowdown at varied rates, and vacuum desorption, and is distinguished from conventional pressure swing adsorption (PSA) based on theoretical insights into their operational differences and similarities. Integrated with a methanol reforming module, a temperature swing adsorption (TSA) module, and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the pilot-scale HDPS system outperforms traditional PSA methods in efficiency. The HDPS-TSA process achieves excellent hydrogen recovery rates (91.28%) and purities (99.999%), satisfying the stringent requirements of fuel cells. The HDPS-TSA system's electricity consumption and heat demand are comparable to or lower than those of traditional vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA) and TSA processes, positioning it as a promising solution for sustainable hydrogen production systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 10","pages":"5112-5123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction motor process monitoring in power plants based on multi-step reconstruction-based PCA","authors":"Ran Cui,&nbsp;Shaojun Ren,&nbsp;Qihang Weng,&nbsp;Fengqi Si","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25688","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fault diagnosis of induction motors is crucial for enhancing the reliability of industrial processes. Reconstruction-based principal component analysis (RB-PCA) is commonly used in fault diagnosis for industrial equipment because it effectively solves the problem of smearing effects. However, RB-PCA encounters challenges related to temporal inconsistency in the industrial processes. This issue arises in the early stages of a fault, where fault indicators fluctuate around the control threshold. Such oscillations can cause the model to switch intermittently between reconstruction and non-reconstruction states, which diminishes diagnostic accuracy and model stability. This paper provides a multi-step reconstruction-based principal component analysis (MS-RBPCA) algorithm that integrates a moving time window. Additionally, spatial distance reconstruction and sequence floating forward search are introduced to improve the computational efficiency of fault isolation. The effectiveness of the MS-RBPCA is demonstrated through one simulation study and one industrial case involving fault samples from induction motors in a power plant. The results show that MS-RBPCA can significantly reduce computational time, achieving a speed improvement of up to 50% while maintaining the fault detection rate above 97% and the false alarm rate below 1.5%, providing a viable solution for industrial process monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5477-5491"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-attention key-factor-aware convolutional neural network developed for quality prediction of batch processes tackling data sampled at various frequencies","authors":"Yufeng Dong,&nbsp;Xuefeng Yan","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25695","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Quality prediction is a critical issue in batch processes, where it encounters numerous challenges. Actual batch processes exhibit characteristics of multiple sampling frequencies and multiple stages. The former influences the efficient utilization of data, while the latter typically corresponds to sequential microbial growth stages or operational steps, manifesting as complex process dynamics that affect the effective extraction of process features. This paper presents a multi-attention key-factor-aware convolutional neural network (MKCNN) designed to address both aspects. MKCNN is a multi-branch model, with each branch receiving data sampled at a different frequency as input. Two types of branches are designed: Main Branch and Auxiliary Branch. The former tackles data containing process stage characteristics and local dynamics. In this branch, spatial attention enhances stage-specific features, while channel attention emphasizes the overall local dynamics. The latter handles data covering local dynamics or overall static features. In this branch, either spatial attention enhances local dynamics, or channel attention emphasizes overall static features. Subsequently, features from each branch are fused by a feature decomposition and fusion module (FDFM). FDFM employs cross-attention to capture the correlation among the features from different branches. The proposed MKCNN was evaluated on a real-world ethanol fermentation process (EFP) against support vector regression (SVR), multi-branch convolutional neural network (MCNN), and multi-branch long short-term memory (MLSTM), and so forth. MKCNN demonstrated an average improvement of 11.7% in <i>R</i>² compared to SVR and a 5.7% improvement compared to MLSTM. These results underscore its superior performance in quality prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5231-5248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the effect of water and zinc acetate concentrations on the size and morphology of ZnO nanoparticles obtained via the precipitation method","authors":"Oscar J. Suarez,&nbsp;Helia B. León-Molina","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25705","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In a previous study, a model was proposed to explore the thermodynamic equilibrium involved in forming zinc oxide nanoparticles at specific conditions via precipitation, using zinc acetate and potassium hydroxide as precursors. In this current study, those parameters derived from the model that are theoretically affecting the particle size itself, such as water, zinc acetate, and potassium hydroxide concentrations, have been altered. Using data extracted from the model—including [Zn⁺²] concentration and pH—the trajectories of each reaction were plotted to ascertain the sizes of stable particles in equilibrium throughout the reaction's progression. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were experimentally obtained by varying reactant concentrations to validate the simulation outcomes. The resulting zinc oxide underwent morphological and structural characterization using transmission microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (DRX). A strong correlation was observed between the sizes predicted by the model and those observed in the micrographs, showcasing nanoparticles ranging between 15 and 40 nm. Increasing the water concentration from 1.5 to 12 M resulted in an increase in particle size from 15 to 30 nm. In contrast, there was no change in particle size due to the rise in zinc acetate concentration from 0.081 to 0.81 M. Furthermore, the rapid addition of KOH led to the production of smaller particles on the order of 3 nm, likely attributed to the reaction occurring away from equilibrium. Reactant concentrations also influenced morphology alterations, allowing for the formation of faceted spheres or rods under specific conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5410-5421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A critical study of sustainable biocomposites developed from rheologically distinct poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) reinforced with biocarbon from coconut (Cocos nucifera) for rigid applications","authors":"Blessing E. Itabana,&nbsp;Arturo Rodriguez-Uribe,&nbsp;Amar K. Mohanty,&nbsp;Manjusri Misra","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25655","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the impact of rheological behaviour on the development of highly filled biocomposites for rigid applications using two grades of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT). PBAT, a fully biodegradable polymer, has garnered significant attention as an alternative to non-biodegradable plastics in flexible packaging applications. However, increasing filler content in PBAT can enhance its stiffness, thereby expanding its potential for rigid applications. Filler incorporation is critically influenced by the polymer's flow behaviour, and excessive filler loading in a highly viscous matrix can lead to a decline in material's ease of processing and performance. This research is focused on the processing-performance evaluation of low melt flow (MFI) and high MFI PBAT filled biocarbon composites. While PBAT¹ supports up to 30 wt.% biocarbon, PBAT² can incorporate 50 wt.% biocarbon. Overall, at maximum filler loading, the mechanical and thermal performance of PBAT²-based composites were superior as compared to those of PBAT¹ composites. The tensile and flexural moduli of PBAT² composites increased by 122% and 171%, respectively. Additionally, the thermal stability showed a 38% improvement as compared to PBAT¹ composites. This study underscores the effect of the rheological properties on composites development and provides valuable insights for selecting optimal polymer matrices for high-filler, rigid applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 9","pages":"4301-4313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cjce.25655","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144767834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen production and status in Canada: Foundations for a low-carbon future","authors":"Bahram Ghorbani,&nbsp;Sohrab Zendehboudi,&nbsp;Noori M. Cata Saady,&nbsp;Greg F. Naterer","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25620","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogen (H₂) has emerged as a promising solution for decarbonizing energy systems and driving economic growth. Canada's federal and provincial climate commitments, financial support, and expertise in clean technology and H₂ research and development are establishing the country as a leader in achieving net-zero carbon goals. This review paper provides a comprehensive study of the status, prospects, challenges, and opportunities associated with H₂ energy and the economy in Canada. The current state of H₂ energy infrastructure, including production facilities, distribution networks, and end-user applications across Canada is examined. Various H₂ production pathways utilizing different energy sources and feedstocks are analyzed. Key focus areas include steam methane reforming, water electrolysis, autothermal reforming, biomass gasification, and the integration of leading-edge technologies such as thermochemical cycles. The efficiency, costs, and environmental impacts of various H₂ production methods are assessed. Canada's H₂ production potential is examined across provinces, considering fossil fuel, nuclear, industrial thermal sources, and renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, biomass, and geothermal. Provincial strategies focus on regional strengths, with Alberta advancing blue H₂ production through carbon capture units and Quebec and British Columbia emphasizing green H₂ from hydroelectric and wind energy. The significant H₂ production projects and their applications across Atlantic, Central, and Western Canada are outlined. The main obstacles to establishing an H₂ economy in Canada are investigated, including economic challenges, policy gaps, technological limitations, infrastructure constraints, public awareness, subsidies, standardization, and safety concerns. Practical recommendations are offered to address these barriers, enabling the full potential of H₂ and supporting Canada's net-zero emission goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 9","pages":"4125-4171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144767675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced extraction of flaxseed oil, tocopherols, and fatty acids using supercritical carbon dioxide with ethanol: Process optimization and modelling","authors":"Aimin He,&nbsp;Nicky Rahmana Putra,&nbsp;Lailatul Qomariyah","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25685","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the extraction of flaxseed oil using supercritical CO₂ (SC-CO₂) with ethanol as a co-solvent, optimizing key process parameters to enhance oil yield and total tocopherol content (TTC). The influence of pressure (20–30 MPa), temperature (40–60°C), and CO₂ flow rate (2–6 mL/min) was analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions (20 MPa, 51°C, 2 mL/min) yielded 36.86% oil and 112.71 ppm tocopherols, demonstrating the effectiveness of SC-CO₂ extraction. The addition of ethanol improved tocopherol and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) recovery, while extraction without ethanol favoured polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) retention. Gas chromatographic analysis confirmed that SC-CO₂ extraction produced a superior fatty acid profile compared to Soxhlet extraction, preserving higher levels of α-linolenic acid (ALA) and oleic acid. Solubility studies indicated that moderate pressure and temperature conditions enhance oil recovery. SC-CO₂ with ethanol proved to be an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional extraction methods, producing high-quality flaxseed oil rich in bioactive compounds. These findings support the scalability of SC-CO₂ extraction for nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and food applications. Future research should explore antioxidant stability and large-scale processing feasibility to enhance industrial adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 10","pages":"5094-5111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast adsorption of methylene blue and crystal violet from aqueous solution by sustainable biosorbent (pine needle of Pinus nigra Arn.): Kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics study","authors":"Talip Turna","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25696","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV) dyes, which are toxic to the ecosystem, were removed by <i>Pinus nigra</i> Arn. tree (<i>Pn</i> A.) waste needle powders (Ptwnd), which is a natural, easily available, and cheap adsorbent. The physicochemical composition of Ptwnd was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), UV–vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and point of zero charge (pH_pzc). In adsorption studies, the effects of pH, adsorbent amount, time, initial dye concentration, and temperature were determined. The results were tested by kinetics (pseudo first order [PFO], pseudo second order [PSO], Elovich, and intra-particle diffusion [I-PD]) and isotherm (Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, Dubinin–Radushkevich [D-R]) models and tested with 5 different error functions. Accordingly, the average pore diameter and pH_pzc value were measured as 68.87 Å and 6.13, respectively. Also, the mass loss of 4.6%–28.7% and 24.3% at three temperatures was 121.2–533.5°C and 766.2°C, respectively. The adsorption mechanism was endothermic, and the removal efficiencies exceeded 99% in the first 10 min. Also, the most suitable models were determined to be Langmuir and PSO for both dyes, respectively. Maximum adsorption capacity (<i>q</i>_max) calculated as 95.767 (for MB) and 151.657 (for CV) mg/g respectively. In this study, very promising results were achieved in the removal of two different dyes from water with the biosorbent obtained from pine needles, which we think will contribute to the sustainability of the forest ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5277-5295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}