Cell host & microbe最新文献

Bacterial effector OspB hijacks apoptosis through peptide-bond recombination of BH3 domain proteins. 细菌效应物OspB通过BH3结构域蛋白的肽键重组劫持细胞凋亡。

IF 18.7

Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2025.09.018

Yue Shao, Dandan Yang, Xinguang Gao, Minghui Wang, Liyuan Meng, Tianye Niu, Li Xia, Jingjin Ding, Feng Shao, Yue Xu

{"title":"Bacterial effector OspB hijacks apoptosis through peptide-bond recombination of BH3 domain proteins.","authors":"Yue Shao, Dandan Yang, Xinguang Gao, Minghui Wang, Liyuan Meng, Tianye Niu, Li Xia, Jingjin Ding, Feng Shao, Yue Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2025.09.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2025.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"Apoptosis is a defense response involving key players, including BH3-only proteins that engage BCL-2 family proteins BAX and BAK, initiating mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and caspase activation. However, Shigella flexneri subverts these death pathways to promote infection. Here, we identify the Shigella type III secretion system effector OspB as an enzyme that suppresses apoptosis by targeting BAX and BAK. OspB recognizes BAX/BAK in complex with BH3-only activators, notably tBID, and catalyzes a peptide-bond recombination between their BH3 domains. This reaction generates chimeric proteins comprising the N-terminal BH3-only segment fused to the C-terminal region of BAX or BAK, irreversibly inhibiting protein function and thus mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and apoptosis. OspB-mediated apoptosis inhibition enhances S. flexneri virulence in vivo. Homologous effectors with similar catalytic activity are conserved across various bacterial species. These findings reveal a bacterial strategy for apoptosis inhibition via remodeling of BCL-2 family proteins, offering avenues for therapeutic intervention.","PeriodicalId":93926,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145369078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetically engineered plant endophytes broaden effector-triggered immunity. 基因工程植物内生菌扩大效应触发的免疫。

IF 18.7

Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2025.09.017

Menglu Hou, Sitao Zhu, Ruixia Niu, Guitao Zhong, Zhao Wang, Ming Luo, Jiawei Long, Ruoying Yang, Zhijuan Tang, Shaosong Shi, Guoyong Xu

{"title":"Genetically engineered plant endophytes broaden effector-triggered immunity.","authors":"Menglu Hou, Sitao Zhu, Ruixia Niu, Guitao Zhong, Zhao Wang, Ming Luo, Jiawei Long, Ruoying Yang, Zhijuan Tang, Shaosong Shi, Guoyong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2025.09.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2025.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"Plants utilize nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors to detect pathogen effectors and initiate a potent immune response called effector-triggered immunity (ETI). However, this defense relies on the presence of recognizable effectors in pathogens, which is often unpredictable during natural infections. To address this, we engineer plant endophytes, termed Sentinels, to heterologously express effectors that are recognized by the host's corresponding NLR. Using an OxyR regulatory circuit, effector expression is activated by reactive oxygen species-a common signal during pathogen infection. This circuit enables ETI activation against pathogens without recognizable effectors. Colonization by the sentinel bacterium slightly alters microbial abundance but maintains overall microbiota diversity and normal plant growth. We demonstrate the strategy's versatility by testing distinct effector-NLR recognition pairs in various plants against a range of pathogens. This strategy exploits the microbiota-host-pathogen interaction network to rapidly engineer a spectrum-expanded ETI, complementing synthetic microbial consortia for plant defense.","PeriodicalId":93926,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145350540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gut bacteria metabolize natural and synthetic steroid hormones via the reductive OsrABC pathway. 肠道细菌通过还原OsrABC途径代谢天然和合成类固醇激素。

IF 18.7

Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2025.09.014

Christian Jacoby, Kaylie Scorza, Lia Ecker, Paola Nol Bernardino, Alexander S Little, Mary McMillin, Ramanujam Ramaswamy, Anitha Sundararajan, Ashley M Sidebottom, Huaiying Lin, Keith Dufault-Thompson, Brantley Hall, Xiaofang Jiang, Samuel H Light

{"title":"Gut bacteria metabolize natural and synthetic steroid hormones via the reductive OsrABC pathway.","authors":"Christian Jacoby, Kaylie Scorza, Lia Ecker, Paola Nol Bernardino, Alexander S Little, Mary McMillin, Ramanujam Ramaswamy, Anitha Sundararajan, Ashley M Sidebottom, Huaiying Lin, Keith Dufault-Thompson, Brantley Hall, Xiaofang Jiang, Samuel H Light","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2025.09.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2025.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"Steroid hormone metabolism by the gut microbiome affects host physiology, however, the underlying microbial pathways remain incompletely understood. Here, we isolate a gut bacterial species, which we designate Clostridium steroidoreducens, that reduces cortisol and related steroid hormones to 3β,5β-tetrahydrosteroid products. Through transcriptomics and enzymatic discovery, we establish the C. steroidoreducens OsrABC steroid hormone pathway. OsrA is a 3-oxo-Δ1-steroid hormone reductase that targets synthetic glucocorticoids, including prednisolone-a frontline Crohn's disease therapy. OsrB is a 3-oxo-Δ⁴-steroid reductase that converts steroid hormones to 5β-dihydrosteroid intermediates, which OsrC subsequently reduces to 3β,5β-tetrahydro products. Homologs of osrA and osrB predict steroid-reducing activity across gut bacteria and are enriched in metagenomes of Crohn's disease patients. Consistent with a role in modulating drug efficacy, C. steroidoreducens colonization decreases prednisolone bioavailability in gnotobiotic mice. These findings thus define a previously unrecognized pathway for microbial steroid hormone inactivation and establish a mechanistic basis for bacterial interference with anti-inflammatory therapies.","PeriodicalId":93926,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145350446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Run to boost your gut microbiome that can help fight cancer. 跑步可以增强肠道微生物群，帮助对抗癌症。

IF 18.7

Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2025.07.022

Shuo Wang

引用次数: 0

Host-specific microbiome and genomic signatures in Bifidobacterium reveal co-evolutionary and functional adaptations across diverse animal hosts. 双歧杆菌的宿主特异性微生物组和基因组特征揭示了不同动物宿主的共同进化和功能适应。

IF 18.7

Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2025.08.008

Magdalena Kujawska, David Seki, Lisa Chalklen, Jennifer Malsom, Raymond Kiu, Sara Goatcher, Ioulios Christoforou, Suparna Mitra, Lucy Crouch, Lindsay J Hall

{"title":"Host-specific microbiome and genomic signatures in Bifidobacterium reveal co-evolutionary and functional adaptations across diverse animal hosts.","authors":"Magdalena Kujawska, David Seki, Lisa Chalklen, Jennifer Malsom, Raymond Kiu, Sara Goatcher, Ioulios Christoforou, Suparna Mitra, Lucy Crouch, Lindsay J Hall","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chom.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"Animals harbor divergent microbiota, including various Bifidobacterium species, yet their evolutionary relationships and functional adaptations remain understudied. Using samples from insects, reptiles, birds, and mammals, we integrated taxonomic, genomic, and predicted functional annotations to uncover how Bifidobacterium adapts to host-specific environments. Host phylogeny is a major determinant of gut microbial composition. Distinct microbiota in mammalian and avian hosts reflect evolutionary adaptations to dietary niches, such as carnivory, and ecological pressures. At a strain-resolved level, Bifidobacterium and their hosts exhibit strong co-phylogenetic associations, driven by vertical transmission and dietary selection. Functional analyses highlight striking host-specific adaptations in Bifidobacterium, particularly in carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative stress responses. In mammals, Bifidobacterium strains are enriched in glycoside hydrolases tailored to complex carbohydrate-rich diets, including multi-domain GH13_28 α-amylases associated with degradation of resistant starch. Together, these findings deepen our understanding of host-microbe co-evolution and the critical role of microbiota in shaping animal health and adaptation.","PeriodicalId":93926,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"33 9","pages":"1502-1517.e13"},"PeriodicalIF":18.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global currents, microbial footprints. 全球洋流，微生物足迹。

IF 18.7

Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2025.08.010

Jessika Füssel, Guillem Salazar, Lucas Paoli

引用次数: 0

Crosstalk between three CRISPR-Cas types enables primed type VI-A adaptation in Listeria seeligeri. 三种CRISPR-Cas类型之间的串扰使seeligeri李斯特菌能够启动VI-A型适应。

IF 18.7

Cell host & microbe Pub Date : 2025-09-10 Epub Date: 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2025.05.020

Shally R Margolis, Alexander J Meeske