Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire最新文献

{"title":"Effects of anesthetic protocol, procedure, and recovery stall and interval on the quality of recovery in repeatedly anesthetized horses.","authors":"Anna R P Henderson, Alexander Valverde, Judith Koenig, William Sears","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this prospective study was to investigate whether repeated consecutive general anesthesia in horses undergoing 2 different anesthetic protocols could lead to improved recovery scores. Six healthy female Standardbred horses (453 ± 57 kg; 6.5 ± 4.2 y old) underwent 4 anesthetic protocols over 12 to 13 wk. Procedures 1 and 4 were arthroscopic surgeries [induction: xylazine, diazepam, and ketamine; and maintenance: Fe'Isoflurane (1.1%), lidocaine (2 mg/kg body weight [BW], 50 to 100 μg/min per kg BW), dexmedetomidine (2.5 μg/h per kg BW)]. Procedures 2 and 3 were preparation for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [induction: xylazine, guaifenesin, and ketamine; and maintenance: Fe'Isoflurane (1.3%)], as well as mechanical ventilation during all events. For recovery, horses were placed in 2 different recovery stalls, one for procedures 1 and 4, and a different one for procedures 2 and 3, and received xylazine, 0.15 to 0.25 mg/kg BW, IV. Recovery was scored using a numerical score and descriptive scale. A 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare recovery scores, cardiopulmonary variables, anesthetic times, and drug dosages between procedures (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Anesthetic protocols for procedures 3 (10.5 ± 2.5) and 4 (10.2 ± 3.1) had better (<i>P</i> = 0.0348) recovery numerical scores than those for procedure 2 (14.3 ± 1.9) and were similar to those for procedure 1 (11.5 ± 2.3), but overall descriptive scores were not significantly different (1 = 1.7 ± 0.5, 2 = 1.8 ± 0.4, 3 = 1.3 ± 0.5, 4 = 1.3 ± 0.5). Balance and coordination (<i>P</i> = 0.0172) and knuckling (<i>P</i> = 0.0193) were associated with worse recovery in procedure 2. Anesthesia time was longer (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) in procedures 2 (157 ± 11 min) and 3 (96 ± 5 min) than in procedures 1 (72 ± 9 min) and 4 (60 ± 5 min). In conclusion, the quality of recovery is influenced by anesthetic protocol and in this study, quality improved in procedures 3 and 4 compared to procedure 2.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"89 1","pages":"17-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of advances in molecular structure and biological function of <i>alpha</i> toxin of <i>Clostridium perfringens</i>.","authors":"Chongli Xu, Yuhan She, Fengyang Fu, Chongbo Xu, Kun Peng","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Alpha</i> toxin has become the subject of research in recent years. The objective of this article was to review and summarize recent research on the molecular structure and biological function of the <i>alpha</i> toxin of <i>Clostridium perfringens</i>. This includes the work of our research team, as well as that of other researchers. <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> is an anaerobic, spore-forming, Gram-positive bacillus. It can cause various intestinal diseases, such as gas gangrene, food poisoning, non-foodborne diarrhea, and enteritis. <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> can be classified into 5 toxinotypes A, B, C, D, and E, based on the production of major toxins. Each type of <i>C. perfringens</i> produces <i>alpha</i> toxin, which is one of the most important lethal and dermonecrotic toxins and is considered a primary virulence factor. <i>Alpha</i> toxin is a multifunctional metalloenzyme with phospholipase C and sphingomyelinase activities that simultaneously hydrolyze phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin. It can therefore destroy the integrity of cell membranes and eventually cause cell lysis. The clinical effects of <i>alpha</i> toxins are characterized by cytotoxicity, hemolytic activity, lethality, skin necrosis, platelet aggregation, and increased vascular permeability. Future research will concentrate on the pathogenesis of <i>a</i> <i>lpha</i> toxin exposure, clarifying the interaction between <i>alpha</i> toxin and the cell membrane and investigating the mechanism of activating platelet function. This research will have substantial theoretical and practical value in controlling disease progression, identifying targeted therapeutic sites, and reducing the toxic effects of vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"88 4","pages":"138-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exposure to chronic ergot alkaloids on phenylephrine contractile response of maternal pedal artery, umbilical artery, and umbilical vein in pregnant ewes.","authors":"Rossalin Yonpiam, Kaushik Desai, Barry Blakley, Ahmad Al-Dissi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ergot alkaloids are known to cause devastating effects in livestock. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of prolonged ergot exposure on selected vasculature in pregnant sheep and to examine the role of <i>alpha</i>-1 adrenergic receptors in mediating these effects. Twelve 60-day pregnant sheep were randomly placed into control and exposure groups (<i>n</i> = 6/group). Ergot-contaminated feed pellets were given orally once a day for 45 d to the exposure group [46.6 μg/kg body weight (BW) total ergot alkaloids]. The control group (Ctl) received ergot-free pellets. The maternal pedal artery from the left hindlimb and the umbilical artery and vein were dissected and mounted in a tissue bath. The vascular contractile response to a cumulatively increasing dose of phenylephrine (PE) in the exposure group (Exp) was compared with the control groups. Chronic exposure to ergot alkaloids resulted in a 70.6% and 91.3% increase in PE contractile response in the umbilical artery (Ctl EC₅₀ = 3.962 × 10^-6; Exp EC₅₀ = 1.161 × 10^-6, <i>P</i> < 0.0001) and the umbilical vein (Ctl EC₅₀ = 7.889 × 10^-6; Exp EC₅₀ = 6.801 × 10^-7, <i>P</i> < 0.0001), respectively, but there was no increase in the pedal artery (<i>P</i> = 0.3927), when compared to the control group. Fetal weight in the ergot-exposed group was significantly lower than in the control group (Ctl 3.3 ± 0.17 kg; Exp 2.07 ± 0.13 kg, <i>P</i> = 0.0002). The increase in contractile response in the umbilical vein may result in decreased blood supply to the fetus causing decreased fetal weight. Negative impact was seen at significantly lower levels of ergot alkaloids than what is currently allowed by Canadian standards, which suggests that these limits should be reevaluated to ensure livestock safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"88 4","pages":"123-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field efficacy of a recombinant toxoid vaccine against Shiga toxin 2e during a naturally occurring edema disease infection.","authors":"Hyunjoon Lee, Sehyeong Ham, Jeongmin Suh, Hyejean Cho, Chanhee Chae","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this field trial was to determine the efficacy of a recombinant toxoid vaccine against Shiga toxin 2e (Stx2e) in piglets suffering from edema disease (ED). Three farms with confirmed ED cases were selected for the field trials. On each farm, a total of 40 4-day-old pigs were randomly allocated to either the vaccinated or unvaccinated group, with 20 pigs per group (10 males and 10 females). A 1.0-mL dose of the recombinant toxoid vaccine was administered intramuscularly to pigs in the vaccinated groups in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations at 4 d of age. A single 2.0-mL dose of phosphate-buffered saline was administered to unvaccinated pigs at the same age. Clinical signs of ED were observed in 12 piglets in the unvaccinated groups and 7 unvaccinated pigs died as a result of ED out of the total number of piglets on Farms A, B, and C. Vaccination had a positive effect on pig growth performance compared to that of unvaccinated pigs on 2 of the 3 farms. Seroconversion of neutralizing antibodies against Stx2e occurred in 70% of piglets in the vaccinated group on Farm A, 75% of vaccinated piglets on Farm B, and 55% of vaccinated piglets on Farm C, when detectable antibodies were measured at 17 d post-vaccination (dpv). Detectable antibodies were measured in 85% of vaccinated piglets on Farms A and B and in 90% of these piglets on Farm C at 37 dpv. These field trials determined that the ED recombinant toxoid vaccine successfully reduced clinical signs and mortality, improved average daily weight gain, and resulted in the production of neutralizing antibodies against Stx2e in pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"88 4","pages":"132-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of virginiamycin on the ruminal microbiota of feedlot cattle.","authors":"Bruna Parapinski Santos, Júlio Augusto Naylor Lisbôa, José Antônio Bessegatto, Carlos Henrique Montemor, Lais Resende Paulino, Amauri Alcindo Alfieri, J Scott Weese, Marcio Carvalho Costa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growth-promoting antibiotics have been used in cattle, but concern about antimicrobial overuse has prompted a re-evaluation of this practice. To evaluate changes in the ruminal microbiota of feedlot cattle by virginiamycin, a total of 76 crossbreed beef cattle from 2 batches of cattle at different sampling periods (B1 and B2) were divided into 2 groups: one receiving virginiamycin in their diet (ATB) and the other receiving the same diet without any growth promoter (CON). The use of virginiamycin was associated with significant changes in the diversity and composition of the ruminal microbiota of cattle in B1, but not in cattle in B2. Several bacterial taxa were significantly more abundant in samples from CON, <i>e.g</i>., an unclassified genus of the TM7 phylum, whereas others were associated with the use of virginiamycin, <i>e.g., Holdemania</i> and <i>Selenomonas</i> spp. In conclusion, virginiamycin can affect bacterial diversity and composition in the rumen of feedlot cattle, but its effect is inconsistent in different seasons of the year.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"88 4","pages":"114-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical respiratory and radiographic abnormalities in dogs with spontaneous hypercortisolism.","authors":"Diana A Mendonça, Flávia Tavares, Cristiano C Pessoa da Veiga, Fabiana Knackfuss, Bruno Alberigi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to characterize respiratory clinical signs, other than panting and respiratory distress, as well as thoracic radiographic abnormalities, in dogs with hypercortisolism. Although there have been case reports and studies evaluating the results of pulmonary scintigraphy, no studies have yet reviewed respiratory clinical signs and radiograph results in dogs with hypercortisolism. This study addresses this gap. A case series was evaluated and the dogs' clinical histories were obtained, including clinical signs and physical examination. Digital thoracic radiographs were analyzed to consider such parameters as the diameter of the main bronchi, lung patterns, and the size of the pulmonary trunk. The most common respiratory symptoms were snoring (61.9%), coughing (57.1%), and fatigue (52.4%). Physical examination revealed a high frequency of changes on lung auscultation (95.2%). The body condition score (BCS) was high in 95% of dogs and a significant correlation was observed between the presence of cyanosis and changes in lung auscultation, both of which present similar risk factors. Furthermore, body weight showed a moderate correlation with respiratory rate (RR = 0.571). Radiographic changes were evident in 47.5% of dogs, with the bronchial pattern being the most common (70%). Based on these results, it was observed that respiratory and radiographic abnormalities are frequent in dogs with spontaneous hypercortisolism and a high body condition score was relevant for exacerbating clinical respiratory signs, such as cyanosis and tachypnea.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"88 4","pages":"101-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Varroa destructor</i> and deformed wing virus interaction increases incidence of winter mortality in honey bee colonies.","authors":"Gabrielle Claing, Pascal Dubreuil, Martine Bernier, Julie Ferland, Yvan L'Homme, Edisleidy Rodriguez, Julie Arsenault","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Winter mortality of honey bee colonies represents a major source of economic loss for the beekeeping industry. The objectives of this prospective study were to estimate the incidence risk of winter colony mortality in southwestern Quebec, Canada and to evaluate and quantify the impact of the associated risk factors. A total of 242 colonies from 31 apiaries was selected for sampling in August 2017. The presence of <i>Varroa destructor, Vairimorpha (Nosema)</i> spp., <i>Melissococcus plutonius</i>, deformed wing virus (DWV), and viruses of the acute-Kashmir-Israeli complex (AKI complex) was investigated in each colony. Management practices of the various colonies were obtained from a questionnaire. The incidence risk of colony mortality during the winter of 2017-2018 was estimated to be 26.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 15.4 to 40.3]. In logistic regression modeling of winter mortality in colonies, an interaction was discovered between <i>V. destructor</i> and DWV; the detection of ≥ 1 <i>V. destructor</i> mites per 100 bees was associated with higher odds of mortality (3.46, 95% CI: 1.35 to 8.90) compared to colonies with < 1 mite per 100 bees, but only in DWV-positive colonies. There were more colony losses in apiaries from beekeepers owning 1 to 5 colonies than in apiaries from beekeepers owning over 100 colonies, which suggests that beekeeper experience and/or type of management are important contributors to winter colony mortality. Assuming a causal relationship, the results of this study suggest that up to 9% of all colony mortalities in the population could have been prevented by reducing the level of <i>V. destructor</i> to < 1 mite per 100 bees in all colonies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"88 3","pages":"69-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11232088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It's time to apply outbreak response best practices to avian influenza: A national call to action.","authors":"Jeff Wilson, Teresa Cereno, Mike Petrik, Negin Esfandiari, Derek Davy, Aaya Mahdi, Jeff Aramini, William Joseph Gilliam, Treasure Hunt, Jocelyn Rivers","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cases of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Canada are upon us again and with reports of infection in US dairy cattle and a dairy farmer in the United States, concern has been raised. Although panic isn't helpful, this heightened level of concern is appropriate, given that reports of human infections with the H5N1 virus often indicate high mortality rates. These can range from 14 to 50%. The current devastating impact of the virus on the poultry industry, as well as its propensity to mutate are also reasons for concern. At the same time, HPAI provides an opportunity for the poultry and livestock industries to align and organize coherently for the management of all zoonotic diseases and other industry issues. To manage HPAI more effectively, it is essential to align all stakeholders under Outbreak Response Best Practices using a formal Quality Management System (QMS). The objective of this article is to describe this approach with examples drawn from management of the Walkerton waterborne disease crisis. We urge the veterinary profession to rise to the challenge of HPAI and use it as a context in which to align more coherently with national stakeholders for the prevention and management of all priority issues within the areas of Agri-food and Public Health.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"88 3","pages":"94-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11232087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of gallbladder microbiome in healthy dogs and cats, dogs with gallbladder mucocele, and cats with suspected cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis.","authors":"Nathita Phumthanakorn, Seenam Potivanakul, Siripassorn Kitjarak, Thanadol Lopnapun, Nutchawara Moonkaew, Thawanchay Changtrakul, Wichunee Chotimol, Jeerawat Soonthornsit","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate and characterize the microbiome in bile samples obtained from dogs with gallbladder mucocele (6), cats with suspected cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis (4), as well as from healthy dogs (6) and cats (4). Our goal was to compare the microbiome patterns with clinical findings and bacterial culture results in diseases of the gallbladder and to identify a potential microbial biomarker of diseased groups. The microbial taxa composition revealed that Proteobacteria were the most dominant phylum in healthy and diseased individuals in all groups. Individuals from six families including <i>Burkholderiaceae</i>, <i>Phyllobacteriaceae</i>, <i>Bradyrhizobiaceae</i>, <i>Sphingomonadaceae</i>, <i>Moraxellaceae</i>, and <i>Caulobacteraceae</i>, constituted the core microbiome in the gallbladder of healthy dogs. A combination of LEfSe analysis and Taxa2ASV decomposer revealed that <i>Pseudomonaceae</i> and <i>Ruminococcaceae</i> exclusively occurred in the mucocele group. In conclusion, this study determined the core microbiome in the gallbladder of healthy dogs and the possible biomarkers (<i>Pseudomonaceae</i> and <i>Ruminococcaceae</i>) of gallbladder mucocele in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"88 3","pages":"77-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11232090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy on the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of cultured equine umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells.","authors":"Andrés Giraldo, Thomas G Koch, Pavneesh Madan, Sarah Lepage, Gabrielle Monteith, Amir H Alizadeh, Andy Tran, Narman Mortagy, Judith B Koenig","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a knowledge gap regarding the effect of extracorporeal shockwave treatment (ESWT) on the stress response and immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of equine umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells (CB-MSCs). The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of cellular oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and production of growth factors in CB-MSCs after treatment with ESWT. We hypothesized that CB-MSCs treated with ESWT will experience higher levels of cellular stress and increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors compared to untreated CB-MSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"88 3","pages":"87-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}