Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of semitendinosus muscle transposition for treatment of perineal hernias in 33 small-breed dogs.","authors":"Yuko Hashimoto, Takayuki Nakagawa, Ryohei Nishimura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about the perioperative complications and treatment outcomes of repairing perineal hernias using semitendinosus muscle transposition (SMT) in small-breed dogs. The objective of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the complications and prognosis of perineal hernia repair using SMT in 33 small, male dogs (weighing < 15 kg). Before the study began, the medical records of all small-breed dogs that underwent SMT from March 2013 to June 2022 at the Veterinary Medical Center, University of Tokyo were analyzed, and telephone interviews were conducted with their owners or referring physicians. Short-term complications were observed in 42.4% of the patients. Lameness was the most common complication, although all cases were resolved within a few days. The recurrence rate during the study period (median: 265 d) was 9.1%. The results of this study showed that transposition of the semitendinosus muscle is more invasive than other surgical procedures for perineal hernias. It is, however, an effective alternative when repair with internal obturator muscle transposition alone is expected to be difficult, such as severe atrophy of the internal obturator muscle or herniation in the ventral direction, and in cases with a history of surgery by transposition of the internal obturator muscle.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"87 4","pages":"282-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10542947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41168570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric perforation secondary to incarcerated para-esophageal hiatal hernia in a French bulldog.","authors":"Morgan Woodforde, Iain Keir","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 6-month-old, intact female, French bulldog was presented to the Emergency Department for evaluation of vomiting and diarrhea over the preceding week which had not responded to supportive medical therapy. Imaging studies identified an incarcerated para-esophageal hernia with peritoneal effusion and gas consistent with gastrointestinal perforation. Following stabilization, the dog underwent an exploratory laparotomy which confirmed an incarcerated hiatal hernia and gastric perforation. A gastrectomy was performed to repair the defect, and to prevent recurrence both a herniorrhaphy and esophagopexy were performed. Post-operative care required treatment for septic shock including vasopressor and hydrocortisone infusions and plasma transfusions for colloidal support. The patient was successfully discharged 4 days after surgery. The histopathology results identified spiral bacteria consistent with <i>Helicobacter</i> spp. which was subsequently treated with oral antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor. The dog has had no further gastrointestinal signs in the 90 days since surgery. Gastric perforation and peritonitis can occur secondary to an incarcerated esophageal hiatal hernia, and if treated promptly can result in a successful outcome. This case demonstrates a novel etiology of gastric perforation which may be associated with brachycephalic breeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"87 4","pages":"272-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10542948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41176265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain-dependent interactions of <i>Streptococcus suis</i> and <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> in co-culture.","authors":"Adina R Bujold, Allison M E Barre, Elizabeth Kunkel, Janet I MacInnes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Streptococcus suis (S. suis)</i> and <i>Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis)</i> are ubiquitous colonizers of swine tonsils that can cause systemic disease and death, under undefined conditions. It is not known, however, whether these 2 species interact during initial infection. To investigate whether such interactions occur, the objective of this study was to assess phenotypic differences between mono-and co-cultures of <i>S. suis</i> and <i>G. parasuis</i> when representative strains with different virulence potential were co-cultured <i>in vitro.</i> In cross-streak screening experiments, some <i>G. parasuis</i> (GP) serovar strains (GP3, GP4, GP5) exhibited altered morphology with some <i>S. suis</i> (SS) serovar strains, such as SS2, but not with SS1. Co-culture with GP5 reduced hemolytic activity of SS1, but not of SS2. Although both SS strains outgrew GP isolates in biofilm co-cultures, strain type affected the number of planktonic or sessile cells in co-culture biofilms. Numbers of sessile SS1 increased in co-cultures, but not of GP3. Both planktonic and sessile SS2 increased in co-culture, whereas GP5 decreased. Sessile SS1 increased, but planktonic GP5 decreased in co-culture and planktonic SS2 increased, but sessile GP3 decreased when grown together. The SS2 strain had a competitive advantage over GP3 during mid-exponential co-culture in broth. <i>Streptococcus suis</i> is predicted to use more unique carbon sources, suggesting that <i>S. suis</i> outcompetes <i>G. parasuis</i> in growth and nutrient consumption. This work provides direction for future studies of phenotypic and genotypic interactions between these and other swine tonsil co-colonizers.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"87 4","pages":"245-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10542955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41157402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of ovine respiratory syncytial virus in pneumonic lungs from apparently healthy sheep slaughtered at 5 abattoirs in Australia.","authors":"Joan B Lloyd, Tom Clune, Caroline Jacobson, Johann Schröder","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory disease is one of the main diseases of sheep in many regions globally. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe disease in humans and in calves, but little is known about the role of RSV in sheep. We studied the prevalence of ovine RSV in sheep processed at 5 abattoirs in southern Australia. Bronchial swab samples were collected from 182 consignments of lambs up to 12 months of age and 71 consignments of adult sheep; these were tested for the presence of the virus using a qPCR based on the F gene sequence. Six of the 253 abattoir consignments (2.4%) tested positive for ovine RSV. Four of the positive consignments were lambs and 2 were adult sheep. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the ovine strain of RSV in sheep with pneumonia from Australia. Further research is needed to clarify the role of RSV in pneumonia in sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"87 4","pages":"303-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10542950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41159551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic utility of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration and needle-core biopsy sampling of canine splenic masses.","authors":"Donald L Holter, Laura A Nafe, Danielle R Dugat, Mackenzie Hallman, Jerry W Ritchey, Susan Fielder, Pratyaydipta Rudra","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This prospective clinical study sought to determine the accuracy of cytopathologic examination and needle-core biopsy (NCB) against diagnoses obtained by excisional histopathology (EH) for canine splenic masses. Twenty-five masses were evaluated <i>ex vivo</i> by ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and NCB tissue sampling. Each spleen was placed in a container and artificial skin placed over its surface. Ultrasound-guided FNA using a 22-gauge needle and 2 NCB samples [14-gauge (NCB-14), 16-gauge (NCB-16)] were obtained and submitted for analysis. Results were compared to results obtained by splenic excisional histopathology (EH). There was no difference noted between FNA, NCB-14, or NCB-16 analyses. In addition, there was no difference in accuracy between FNA and NCB-14 or between FNA and NCB-14 <i>versus</i> NCB-16. Reported accuracy of FNA was 0.72, NCB-14 was 0.72, and NCB-16 was 0.64, respectively. Both FNA and NCB-14 displayed a sensitivity of 71% and NCB-16 a sensitivity of 53%. Both FNA and NCB-14 displayed a specificity of 75% and NCB-16 a specificity of 88%. The results demonstrated that NCB had no advantage clinically over FNA at diagnosing splenic pathology. This study further demonstrates that preoperative diagnostic evaluation of the spleen is not highly accurate and cannot be recommended prior to splenectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"87 4","pages":"265-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10542949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41170219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria isolated from pig feces at various production stages.","authors":"José D Uezen,&nbsp;Cecilia Aristimuño Ficoseco,&nbsp;María E Fátima Nader-Macías,&nbsp;Graciela M Vignolo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated, identified, and characterized from pig feces at various growth stages and feed rations in order to be used as probiotic feed additives. Lactic acid bacteria numbers ranged from 7.10 ± 1.50 to 9.40 log CFUs/g for growing and lactating pigs, respectively. Isolates (<i>n</i> = 230) were identified by (GTG)5-polymerase chain reaction and partial sequence analysis of 16S rRNA. Major LAB populations were <i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</i> (49.2%), <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> (20%), <i>Lactobacillus amylovorus</i> (11.4%), and <i>L. johnsonii</i> (8.7%). <i>In-vitro</i> assays were performed, including surface characterization and tolerance to acid and bile salts. Several lactobacilli exhibited hydrophobic and aggregative characteristics and were able to withstand gastrointestinal tract conditions. In addition, lactobacilli showed starch- and phytate-degrading ability, as well as antagonistic activity against Gram-negative pathogens and the production of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances. When resistance or susceptibility to antibiotics was evaluated, high phenotypic resistance to ampicillin, gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, and tetracycline and susceptibility towards clindamycin and chloramphenicol was observed in the assayed LAB. Genotypic characterization showed that 5 out of 15 resistance genes were identified in lactobacilli; their presence did not correlate with phenotypic traits. Genes erm(B), strA, strB, and aadE conferring resistance to erythromycin and streptomycin were reported among all lactobacilli, whereas tet(M) gene was harbored by <i>L. reuteri</i> and <i>L. amylovorus</i> strains. Based on these results, 6 probiotic LAB strains (<i>L. reuteri</i> F207R/G9R/B66R, <i>L. amylovorus</i> G636T/S244T, and <i>L. johnsonii</i> S92R) can be selected to explore their potential as direct feed additives to promote swine health and replace antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"87 2","pages":"127-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10069149/pdf/cjvr_02_127.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41108073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of lymphocytes from pigs naturally infected with porcine respiratory disease complex at 3 different stages of development.","authors":"Rosa Elvira Nuñez-Anita,&nbsp;Fernando Calderón-Rico,&nbsp;Francisco Pérez-Duran,&nbsp;María Concepción Arenas-Arrocena,&nbsp;Alicia Gabriela Zamora-Avilés,&nbsp;Luis Enrique Franco-Correa,&nbsp;Alejandro Bravo-Patiño,&nbsp;Ilane Hernández-Morales","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to analyze the response of lymphocytes from pigs naturally infected with porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) at 3 different stages of development. Porcine respiratory disease complexes were isolated from 2 groups: The infected group, consisting of pigs with PRDC and no vaccination against any virus (<i>n</i> = 24), and the control group, consisting of vaccinated and noninfected piglets (<i>n</i> = 24). Both groups were sampled at 3 stages of development: Weaning (WEA) (<i>n</i> = 8), initiation (INI) (<i>n</i> = 8), and growth (GRO) (<i>n</i> = 8). The PRDC status was confirmed by serological testing against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), swine influenza virus (H1N1), and <i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</i>. PCV-2+ cells were quantified by flow cytometry. Weight gain was registered at each stage. PCV-2+ cells, CD4+ cells, monocytes and lymphocytes populations were measured. Gene expression in CD4+ cells was quantified for interferon-γ (IFN-γ), GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3), T-box transcription factor (T-bet), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and IL-4. Control piglets gained approximately 35% more weight than those infected with PRDC. Specifically, PCV-2+ cells were detected in piglets from the infected group in the following proportions: WEA ≤ INI ≤ GRO. In infected piglets, the CD4+ count increased at WEA and decreased at GRO, CD4+ expression profile showed an overexpression of T-bet at INI and GRO, and the expression of IFN-γ was lower at WEA and GRO. In contrast, IL-4 was overexpressed at all 3 stages. GATA3 was overexpressed at INI and GRO. The infected piglets showed lymphopenia and less CD4+ cells. CD4+ cells showed a different expression profile than the control group, in which IFN-γ was less expressed, whereas IL-4 and T-bet were overexpressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"87 2","pages":"110-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10069147/pdf/cjvr_02_110.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41177621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of concentrated fecal microbiota transplant on the equine fecal microbiota after antibiotic-induced dysbiosis.","authors":"Rebecca Di Pietro,&nbsp;Luis G Arroyo,&nbsp;Mathilde Leclere,&nbsp;Marcio Costa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial imbalances are observed in intestinal diseases and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used to restore the intestinal microbiota of horses. However, there is evidence that the current methods proposed for FMT in horses have limited efficacy. The objective of this study was to concentrate the bacteria present in the donor stool by centrifugation, and to test the effect in horses with antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. One healthy 11-year-old horse was selected as a fecal donor and 9 horses were given trimethoprim sulfadiazine (TMS) for 5 days to induce dysbiosis. Horses received either a concentrated FMT (cFMT, <i>n</i> = 3), fresh unconcentrated FMT (fFMT, <i>n</i> = 3), or 10% glycerol solution (vehicle, VEH, <i>n</i> = 3) by nasogastric tube for 3 days. Fecal samples were collected on Days 0, 4, 9, 11, and 21 for microbiota analysis (Illumina sequencing). The TMS significantly changed the bacterial composition of horses' feces (D0 <i>versus</i> D4). The composition of the cFMT and fFMT recipient horses was significantly different after transplantation compared to after antibiotic-induced dysbiosis (D4 <i>versus</i> D11), whereas the microbiota of the vehicle recipients was not, indicating that both protocols induced transient changes. However, preparation of FMT solutions markedly changed the original composition present in the donor's feces, with significant enrichment of <i>Escherichia</i> genus in the cFMT. Individual susceptibility to restoration of the microbiota was observed in horses, similar to what is known for other species. Our results suggest that concentrating bacteria should not be recommended in preparation of FMT solutions and that further research is required to improve current methods recommended to perform FMT in horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"87 2","pages":"85-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10069150/pdf/cjvr_02_85.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41158149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the outcome after center of rotation of angulation (CORA)-based leveling osteotomy (CBLO) technique to repair unilateral cranial cruciate ligament deficiency using a pressure-sensitive walkway system.","authors":"Ömer Coskun,&nbsp;Sivert Viskjer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the mid-term outcome of center of rotation of angulation (CORA)-based leveling osteotomy (CBLO) in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) deficiency using a pressure-sensitive walkway system. Fifteen dogs with unilateral CrCL deficiency were treated with CBLO for an average of 50 wk (median 46 wk, range: 38 to 91) prior to the evaluation. The contralateral hind limb was confirmed free of any signs of pathology by clinical examination and lateral stifle radiography. A control group of 20 healthy dogs was included to establish reference values for comparison purposes. Spatiotemporal parameters and peak vertical force (PVF) were measured and symmetry index (SI) was calculated between the left and right pelvic limb and between thoracic and pelvic limbs, in both groups. The mean hind limb SI for the 15 CBLO-treated dogs and the 20 dogs in the control group was 1.02 ± 0.1 and 1.03 ± 0.07, respectively, the difference being not significant (<i>P</i> = 0.75). There was no significant difference in the thoracic limb/pelvic limb ratio between the 2 groups (<i>P</i> = 0.42). The dogs' recovery was objectively measured on a pressure-sensitive walkway and the CrCL-deficient dogs had returned to full functioning within 6 to 12 mo. Center of rotation of angulation-based leveling osteotomy provided normal function of the operated hind limb and should be considered as an option for treating canine CrCL deficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"87 2","pages":"157-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10069156/pdf/cjvr_02_157.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41165527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence of co-infection between bovine leukemia virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 in herds vaccinated against bovine respiratory complex.","authors":"Ana S González Méndez,&nbsp;Fernando Cerón-Téllez,&nbsp;Rosa E Sarmiento Silva,&nbsp;Jorge L Tórtora Pérez,&nbsp;Edith Rojas-Anaya,&nbsp;Hugo Ramírez Álvarez","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was molecular identification of bovine leukemia virus and possible co-infection with bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) viral agents in Mexican dairy herds. We collected 533 blood samples from cattle vaccinated against the BRDC virus in 9 states across Mexico. Peripheral blood leukocytes were removed and genetic material was extracted to detect bovine leukemia virus (BLV), bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection using polymerase chain reaction. We identified high BLV infection rates in 270 cattle (50.65%). One hundred and thirty-three cows (24.95%) tested positive for BoHV-1, of which 65 samples were positive for both viruses (BoHV-1 and BLV) and 68 were only positive for BoHV-1. Only 4 samples tested positive for BPIV-3 and no sample was positive for BVDV or BRSV. Relative risk and odds ratio analyses did not identify that the presence of BLV infection favors BoHV-1 co-infection in vaccinated herds.</p>","PeriodicalId":93919,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire","volume":"87 2","pages":"105-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10069155/pdf/cjvr_02_105.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41170218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}