Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES最新文献

{"title":"APOE ε4 Allele is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Sporadic ALS: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Qiong Hua Sun, Xuan Xuan, Yu Guo Du, Yu Cui Zhai, Tie Ma, Feng Duan, Cui Qiao Xia, Xu Sheng Huang, Yong Hua Huang, Hong Fen Wang","doi":"10.3967/bes2026.038","DOIUrl":"10.3967/bes2026.038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and serum APOE levels on cognitive and motor phenotypes in Chinese patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>APOE genotypes were determined in 289 patients with sporadic ALS, and serum APOE levels were measured in a subset of 222 patients. Cognitive function was assessed using the Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioural ALS Screen. We examined the association of APOE genotype and serum levels with age at onset, site of onset, disease progression rate (DPR), time to generalization of symptoms (TTG), and cognitive performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were observed in sex, age at onset, site of onset, DPR, or TTG among patients with different APOE genotypes. Similarly, serum APOE levels did not correlate with these clinical variables. However, the APOE-ε4 allele was associated with lower ALS-specific cognitive scores, particularly in the domain of verbal fluency.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provides preliminary evidence linking the APOE-ε4 allele to cognitive impairment, particularly in language fluency, among Chinese patients with ALS. These findings support the hypothesis that APOE genotype contributes to ALS etiology and suggest its role in shaping distinct cognitive phenotypes in the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"39 5","pages":"564-571"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148045240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compound K Mitigates PM _2.5-induced Premature Senescence in ARPE-19 Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells through Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway.","authors":"Cheol Park, Beom Su Park, Tae Hwan Shin, Hyuk Soon Kim, Sun-Hee Leem, Jaewon Lee, Heui-Soo Kim, Cheng-Yun Jin, Gi-Young Kim, Yung Hyun Choi","doi":"10.3967/bes2026.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2026.041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"39 5","pages":"597-603"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148045236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Ambient PM _2.5 Components with Lung Function in Adults Aged 40-89 Years: A Cross-sectional Study in China.","authors":"Yun Han Zou, Ning Li, Yu Wang, Jiao Nan Wang, Chen Chen, Jian Long Fang, Xiao Ming Shi","doi":"10.3967/bes2026.039","DOIUrl":"10.3967/bes2026.039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the impact of Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM _2.5) and its components on lung function. In total, 2,045 participants aged 40-89 years were recruited for this multi-center cross-sectional study. Lung function measurements were performed. Real-time PM _2.5 and its component data were obtained from atmospheric monitoring sites. Linear mixed-effects (LME) models were used to assess the relationships between PM _2.5, its components, and lung function. Weighted quantile sum regression, quantile g-computation, and Bayesian kernel machine regression were applied to assess the joint effects of PM _2.5 components on lung function. The mean PM _2.5 concentration during the study period was 71.92 μg/m ³. Among PM _2.5 components, nitrate had the highest mean concentration (16.82 μg/m ³), followed by organic carbon and sulfate. In the LME models, PM _2.5 exposure at a 1-day lag, scaled to its interquartile range, was significantly related to decreased lung function. Specifically, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV ₁), one-second rate (FEV ₁/FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory flow at 25% FVC (FEF _25%) decreased by 3.75%, 6.56%, 2.89%, 10.48%, and 8.71%, respectively. An age-stratified analysis showed stronger negative associations among participants aged ≥ 60 years compared with middle-aged adults. In mixed-exposure models, the PM _2.5 mixture was significantly linked to a decline in lung function. Zinc (Zn) and magnesium ion (Mg ²⁺) were significantly linked to reduced FVC and ammonium ion (NH ₄ ⁺) was identified as a key contributor to reduced FEV ₁, PEF, and FEF _75%. Lung function declined with increasing PM _2.5 and its components. Zn, Mg ²⁺, and NH ₄ ⁺ were identified as key components.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"39 5","pages":"584-590"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148045297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological Assessment Using SAF Scoring: Investigating Risk Factor Correlations with Disease Severity in MASLD Patients.","authors":"Xin Xin Li, Ya Qin Zhang, Shuo Jie Wang, Zi Xuan Gao, Yao Xie, Ming Hui Li, Yuan Jiao Gao","doi":"10.3967/bes2026.009","DOIUrl":"10.3967/bes2026.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate risk factors associated with significant histologic lesions in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) using the SAF (Steatosis, Activity, Fibrosis) scoring system and to develop a risk prediction model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective cohort of 415 biopsy-proven MASLD patients (2018-2022), participants were stratified into significant lesion (SAF activity grade ≥ 3 and/or fibrosis stage ≥ 3, <i>n</i> = 131) and non-significant lesion (activity < 3 and fibrosis < 3, <i>n</i> = 284) groups. Demographic, laboratory, and imaging parameters including platelet count (PLT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), total bile acids (TBA), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), uric acid (UA), laminin (LN), hyaluronic acid (HA), procollagen type III (PC-III), collagen type IV (C-IV), controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with significant lesions had higher body mass index (BMI), proportion of high-fat diet, AST, ALT, TBA, UA, CAP, and LSM (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression identified BMI ( <i>OR</i> = 1.182), UA ( <i>OR</i> = 1.003), CAP ( <i>OR</i>= 1.005), and LSM ( <i>OR</i> = 1.104) as independent predictors of significant histologic lesions, with a model area under the curve of 75.18%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BMI, hyperuricemia, hepatic steatosis (CAP), and fibrosis (LSM) are independent risk factors for advanced MASLD. A combined non-invasive assessment may enhance risk stratification in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"39 5","pages":"572-583"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148045277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modifiable Risk Factors and Socioeconomic Inequity in Diabetes: A Prospective Analysis in the UK Biobank.","authors":"Yan Bo Zhang, Qi Lu, Yan Feng Zhou, Jun Xiang Chen, Ting Ting Geng, Yue Li, Oscar H Franco, Carmen R Isasi, Qi Bin Qi, Yun Fei Liao, Gang Liu, An Pan","doi":"10.3967/bes2026.037","DOIUrl":"10.3967/bes2026.037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the association between overall socioeconomic status (SES) and incident diabetes, to estimate how much of the SES-diabetes association is explained by modifiable diabetes risk factors, and to assess whether the benefits of favorable risk factor profiles differ by SES.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 337,229 adults without diabetes at baseline from the UK Biobank. Overall SES was derived using latent class analysis based on income, occupation, and education. Modifiable diabetes risk factor scores were constructed across physiological, behavioral, environmental, and psychological domains. Cox proportional hazard models and additive hazard models were used to evaluate associations, mediation proportions, and interactions for incident diabetes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 12.5 years, 11,557 participants developed diabetes ascertained through linkage to registries. The low SES group had 2.47-fold (95% <i>CI</i>: 2.33-2.62) diabetes risk and 2.7 (2.5-2.8) more incident diabetes cases per 1,000 person-years compared to the high SES group, 54.4% of which was explained by all modifiable factors jointly, with physiological score contributing to the largest proportion (39.1%). Favorable risk factor profiles were associated with lower diabetes risk across all SES groups, and absolute risk reductions associated with favorable profiles were greatest among individuals with low SES ( <i>P</i> for additive interaction ≤ 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than half of the excess diabetes risk associated with low SES can be explained by modifiable risk factors. Improving these factors may contribute to greater reduction in diabetes incidence among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, supporting targeted diabetes prevention strategies to reduce socioeconomic disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"39 5","pages":"553-563"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148045295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PM _2.5 Exposure-induced Lung Injury in Mice <i>via</i> Ferroptosis.","authors":"Chong Wang, Meng Meng Wang, Yuan Yuan Chen, Wen Gu, Ying Shi, Chao Wang, Wei Huang, Yue Han Long, Ying Yang He, Lian Duan","doi":"10.3967/bes2025.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2025.167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"39 5","pages":"604-608"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148045265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific Associations of Prenatal Exposure to Legacy and Emerging PFAS with Fetal Anogenital Distance: A Study based on the Jiashan Birth Cohort.","authors":"Yan Mei Wu, Ming Zhu Wu, Hong Liang, Jian Ya Xi, Hong Lei Ji, Mao Hua Miao, Hong Kai Zhu, Jing Chuan Xue","doi":"10.3967/bes2026.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2026.029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"39 4","pages":"486-492"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Dietary Diversity during Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Wei Ming Wang, Qian Liang, Jin Liu, Chen Fan Zhang, Yu Hui Luo, Xue Feng Yang, Li Ping Hao, Nian Hong Yang","doi":"10.3967/bes2025.160","DOIUrl":"10.3967/bes2025.160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aims to prospectively examine the association between the minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W) score and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All participants were pregnant women enrolled in the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) or 24-h dietary recall. The MDD-W score was constructed by categorizing all food items into 10 food groups, following the Food and Agriculture Organization guidelines. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were conducted during 24-28 weeks of gestation to screen for GDM. Poisson regression models were used to assess the association between MDD-W scores and GDM risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 357 (11.8%) of the 3,026 women were diagnosed with GDM. Compared with participants whose MDD-W score was ≥ 8, those with a score of 5-7 had an increased risk of GDM (relative risk ( <i>RR</i>): 1.32; 95% confidence interval ( <i>CI</i>): 1.03, 1.69), and those with a score ≤ 4 had a significantly higher GDM risk ( <i>RR</i>: 1.58; 95% <i>CI</i>: 1.12, 2.26). Furthermore, these findings indicate that pregnant women with MDD-W scores < 8, in conjunction with being overweight or obese before pregnancy and excessive gestational weight gain, have the highest risk of developing GDM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data suggest that a higher MDD-W score during pregnancy is independently associated with a lower GDM risk. Therefore, promoting dietary diversity and weight management is recommended to protect pregnant women from developing gestational diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"39 4","pages":"418-426"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysbiosis of Gut Archaea is Associated with Obesity and Could be Recovered after Bariatric Surgery.","authors":"Ke Li Yang, Jian Ning Zhai, Jun Wen Ye, Xu Neng Zhang, Qi Chun Wei, Hui Wang, Huai Ming Wang, Li Li Chu, Jia Yang","doi":"10.3967/bes2026.019","DOIUrl":"10.3967/bes2026.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Obesity is closely associated with an altered gut microbiota; however, the role of archaea in obesity remains unknown. We aimed to delineate the alterations in gut archaea in obese subjects and explore the changes in bariatric surgery-associated gut archaeal composition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Metagenomic sequencing data from 191 obese subjects and 184 lean controls were retrieved from three public cohorts. Of these, 23 obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery were followed up for 3 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The gut archaea of obese subjects showed significantly lower Shannon diversity index than those of lean controls. Principal component analysis of the gut archaea revealed distinct clusters in obese subjects and lean controls. A model using the 20 top archaeal genera discriminated obese from lean controls with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.79, 0.83, and 0.86 in three cohorts. Ecological analysis showed decreased trans-kingdom correlations between archaea and bacteria in obese subjects compared to those in lean controls, with partial restoration observed after bariatric surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study to demonstrate that obesity is characterized by gut archaeal dysbiosis across multiple cohorts. Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss is associated with significant changes in the gut archaea.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"39 4","pages":"437-446"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemoglobin Thresholds for Defining Anemia among Healthy Infants Aged 0-5 Months in China: A Population-based Study.","authors":"Shu Xia Wang, Shan Jiang, Xue Hong Pang, Qian Zhang, Bo Wen Chen, Tao Xu, Yu Ying Wang, Wen Hua Zhao, Zhen Yu Yang","doi":"10.3967/bes2025.144","DOIUrl":"10.3967/bes2025.144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop hemoglobin (Hb) percentiles and thresholds for defining anemia among infants aged 0-5 months in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children aged 0 <i>-</i>17 years in China, a nationwide cross-sectional study, was conducted between 2019 and 2021. Hb levels were measured in infants using the HemoCue 201+ analyzer. Age- and sex-specific Hb distributions were constructed for \"healthy infants\", defined as those with adequate iron reserves at birth, exclusive breastfeeding, normal weight-for-age Z-score and weight growth velocity, normal neuropsychological development, and absence of acute or chronic diseases. A generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape was applied to fit the Hb percentiles. The 5th percentile of the Hb distribution was defined as the threshold for anemia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10,174 infants aged 0-5 months participated in the study, among whom 2,155 healthy infants were included in the analysis. Hb levels peaked at birth, gradually decreased to a nadir around 60 days after birth, and then rose to a plateau. The Hb thresholds defining anemia were 102.7 g/L, 96.3 g/L, 92.8 g/L, 95.4 g/L, 97.1 g/L, and 95.8 g/L for the 0-, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-month age groups, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study establishes hemoglobin thresholds for defining anemia in infants aged 0-5 months based on a nationwide, population-based dataset in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"39 4","pages":"408-417"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}