Biomaterials research最新文献

{"title":"Bioinspired TIMP-1 Nanoparticles Mimic Extracellular Vesicle Anti-angiogenic Activity in Ewing Sarcoma.","authors":"Cristina Liboni, Martina Boaron, Diana Corallo, Sanja Aveic, Marco Ballestri, Ricardo Sánchez-Rodríguez, Alessandra Maria Testa, Claudia Ferroni, Greta Varchi, Antonella Viola, Roberta Angioni","doi":"10.34133/bmr.0408","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmr.0408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-angiogenic therapies targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) axis have achieved transient benefits, as tumors rapidly activate compensatory vascular programs. Here, we present a bioinspired nanoplatform that reproduces the anti-angiogenic signaling of mesenchymal-stromal-cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) by delivering the endogenous metalloproteinase inhibitor tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1). Poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles (NP_TIMP1) were engineered to retain TIMP-1 bioactivity, inhibit matrix metalloproteinase activity, and efficiently interact with endothelial cells. In vitro, NP_TIMP1 suppressed endothelial sprouting and tip-cell formation in 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional microfluidic systems. In zebrafish patient-derived xenografts of Ewing sarcoma, NP_TIMP1 localized to tumor-associated vessels and substantially reduced vascular infiltration, reproducing the efficacy of TIMP-1-enriched EVs. In contrast, soluble TIMP-1 failed to elicit these effects, indicating that nanoparticle-mediated delivery enhances protein stability and spatial engagement with the endothelium. This study establishes TIMP-1 as a key stromal regulator of angiogenesis and demonstrates that EV-mimetic nanoparticles can recapitulate its therapeutic potential, providing a scalable bioengineering approach to overcome the limitations of natural vesicles and develop next-generation anti-angiogenic nanotherapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93902,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials research","volume":"30 ","pages":"0408"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13594418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149027079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2D Titanium-Based Nanozyme Induced a Ferroptosis-like Strategy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapeutics.","authors":"Hailing Yu, Songying Pi, Zebo Jiang, DongHui Huang, Xinxi Yu, Feile Ye, Ting Yu, Huimin Lan, Qianqian Zhang, Jingchuan Zhu, Lili Wu, ZhiSheng Nong, Yin Huang, Yongquan Huang","doi":"10.34133/bmr.0400","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmr.0400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ferroptosis, a regulated cell death pathway driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Nevertheless, the direct delivery of iron can lead to systemic toxicity. In this study, a nonferrous ferroptosis-like strategy employing 2D Ti₃C₂ MXene nanosheets was developed. The Ti₃C₂ nanozyme has been shown to possess peroxidase- and catalase-like activities, capable of decomposing H₂O₂ into cytotoxic·OH and O₂, respectively. When exposed to near-infrared II laser irradiation, Ti₃C₂ induced a localized increase in temperature and amplified reactive oxygen species production, resulting in a synergistic effect that led to mitochondrial damage and glutathione peroxidase 4 inactivation. In vivo studies demonstrated tumor suppression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models, accompanied by M1 macrophage polarization and CD8⁺ T cell activation. This work provides a novel paradigm for nanocatalytic ferroptosis therapy, combining enzymatic activity, photothermal effects, and immunomodulation to overcome TNBC resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":93902,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials research","volume":"30 ","pages":"0400"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149019106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Glutathione-Responsive Prodrug Nanosystem for Colorectal Cancer: Synergistic Co-Delivery of Paclitaxel and Curcumin to Combat Multidrug Resistance and Reinvent the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment.","authors":"Yu Qiao, Shuai Yu, Chen Li, Dong-Dong Meng, Jia-Qi Niu, Dong-Run Yu, Xiao-Ming Wu, Hao-Xuan Wu, Wei-Tong Sun","doi":"10.34133/bmr.0399","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmr.0399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The management of colorectal cancer is constrained by a self-perpetuating vicious cycle, driven initially by gut microbiota dysbiosis that triggers chronic inflammation, which in turn promotes the establishment of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and multidrug resistance. We engineered a glutathione (GSH)-responsive prodrug micellar nanosystem (PSC/PTX) for the synergistic co-delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) and curcumin (CUR). In this nanoplatform, CUR was covalently conjugated to form a prodrug via disulfide linkages, while PTX was physically encapsulated within the micelles, ensuring the precise release of the 2 drugs in the tumor-specific microenvironment. The nanoplatform reverses P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux, prolongs the circulation time, improves the bioavailability, and enhances the accumulation at tumor sites of 2 drugs. This nanoplatform exerts multifaceted therapeutic efficacy. Initially, it reinstates the balance of intestinal microbiota by increasing the abundances of beneficial microorganisms (e.g., <i>Bacteroidetes</i>, <i>Eubacterium</i>, and <i>Bifidobacterium</i>) while decreasing those of harmful bacteria (e.g., <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>). Additionally, it inhibits pro-tumor inflammatory factors by attenuating the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), ultimately leading to a remodeling of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). This process involves boosting the infiltration of cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells, decreasing the number of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs), and repolarizing macrophages to the M1 phenotype (CD86⁺↑, CD206⁺↓). Collectively, this integrated and coordinated strategy breaks the self-sustaining vicious cycle of microbiota-driven, inflammation-fueled carcinogenesis and multidrug resistance via the synergistic modulation of chemotherapy sensitization, immunity, and the microbiota, thereby offering a novel and promising therapeutic modality for refractory colorectal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":93902,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials research","volume":"30 ","pages":"0399"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13583130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Injectable and Photocrosslinkable Hydrogel Based on Recombinant Human Collagen Type XVII Promotes Osteochondral Regeneration by Activating the TGF β/SMAD Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Guanhao Yang, Wei Li, YanEn Wang, Xin Zhang, Haihang Li, Tinglin Zhang, Denghui Liu, Anzhao Wang, Jie Gao, Zhongtang Liu, Yu Sun, Xuan Huang","doi":"10.34133/bmr.0412","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmr.0412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The management of articular cartilage defects remains a major clinical challenge owing to the tissue's limited intrinsic regenerative capacity. Conventional collagen-based hydrogels often fail to achieve functional repair due to a mismatch between their biological functions and mechanical properties. Here, for the first time, we apply recombinant human collagen type XVII (rhCOL17) to cartilage repair by engineering an injectable and photocrosslinkable hydrogel based on rhCOL17. A systematic screening identified the 15% methacrylated rhCOL17 (CMA) formulation as possessing optimal mechanical properties and biocompatibility, featuring a suitable 3-dimensional porous structure, moderate swelling, slow degradation, and rapid in situ photocrosslinking capability. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the CMA hydrogel is noncytotoxic and notably promotes the proliferation, migration, and chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and chondrocytes, as evidenced by the up-regulation of SOX9, COL2, and ACAN. In vivo, using a rat knee joint full-thickness cartilage defect model, the BMSCs-laden 15% CMA composite hydrogel (BMSCs@CMA) achieved superior osteochondral integrated repair, with the regenerated tissue closely resembling native cartilage in macroscopic morphology, subchondral bone mineralization, histological structure, and collagen type II deposition. Mechanistically, transcriptome sequencing, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations collectively demonstrate that rhCOL17 directly binds to transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) with high affinity and stable interaction, subsequently activating the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway to orchestrate BMSCs chondrogenesis. In conclusion, this study establishes the pivotal role of collagen type XVII in cartilage regeneration, presenting a promising, minimally invasive strategy with mechanical adaptability and active inductive functionality for functional cartilage defect repair, and expands the cross-tissue application prospects of rhCOL17.</p>","PeriodicalId":93902,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials research","volume":"30 ","pages":"0412"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13572800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148972753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D-Printed Region-Specific Biomimetic Prosthesis for Enhancing Heterogeneous Double-Interface Integration of Bone-Prosthesis and Tendon-Prosthesis.","authors":"Jinbo Zhang, Qing Han, Xue Zhao, Xingzhen Li, Zhaowei Zhang, Tao Lv, Jincheng Wang, Hao Chen","doi":"10.34133/bmr.0416","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmr.0416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large bone defects with loss of natural tendon and soft tissue attachment sites remain challenging in prosthetic reconstruction because both bone-prosthesis and tendon-prosthesis interface integration must be achieved. To address this heterogeneous dual-interface requirement, this study proposes and validates a 3-dimensional printed (3D-printed) region-specific biomimetic titanium alloy prosthesis design strategy. This strategy integrates biomimetic tendon ordered microstructures and biomimetic trabecular-like disordered porous structures within distinct functional regions of the same Ti6Al4V prosthesis. Specifically, the top cap was designed with tendon-like ordered microstructures for soft tissue attachment, whereas the body region was designed with trabecular porous structures for bone integration. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the biomimetic tendon structure markedly promotes the directional alignment and tenogenic differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells, while the biomimetic trabecular-like structure favors osteogenic differentiation and mineralization maturation of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In vivo animal experiments further validate that a single structure is insufficient to simultaneously meet the dual demands of soft tissue attachment and bone stability. In contrast, the 3D-printed region-specific biomimetic prosthesis establishes spatially partitioned microenvironments for tendon and bone formation in vivo, enabling more coordinated heterogeneous double-interface tissue integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":93902,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials research","volume":"30 ","pages":"0416"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13562796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraperitoneal Copper-Manganese Nanozyme Suppresses Peritoneal Metastasis with Antitumor Immune Activation.","authors":"Jinquan Zhang, Zhenze Xie, Muye He, Siqi He, Ling Wang, Chengxiao Song, Jingguang Wang, Jian Li, Chang Du, Ruoxu Dou","doi":"10.34133/bmr.0401","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmr.0401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer (CRC) carries a dismal prognosis, and current surgical and medical therapies achieve limited efficacy with high recurrence rates. Here, we developed a copper-manganese-based nanozyme (CM) that integrated MnO₂-mediated Fenton-like catalysis with copper-induced cuproptosis for intraperitoneal treatment of CRC peritoneal metastasis. Composed of CuO and Cu₂(OH)₃Cl crystalline domains embedded in amorphous MnO₂, the nanozyme has a hydrodynamic diameter of ~140 nm and displays peroxidase-like, glutathione oxidase, catalase, and Fenton-like activities that amplify reactive oxygen species (ROS) under tumor-mimicking conditions. CRC cells efficiently internalize the nanozyme, which penetrates 3-dimensional spheroids and induces strong, selective cytotoxicity via ROS amplification and cuproptosis. Intraperitoneal delivery of CM achieves prolonged peritoneal retention, marked reduction of peritoneal tumor burden and ascites, and remodeling of the local immune microenvironment with activation of antitumor immune responses. This study provides an effective cavity-confined therapeutic approach for CRC peritoneal metastasis based on Fenton-like ROS amplification and cuproptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":93902,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials research","volume":"30 ","pages":"0401"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13554416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodynamically Sensitized Mitochondrial-Damage Amplification Strategy Promotes Pyroptosis-Induced Immunotherapy of Osteosarcoma.","authors":"Tao Ding, Tongyin Xiong, Xinzhong Xu, Qiuting Sun, Mengyu Liu, Zhennan Fang, Yang Li, Zhiwei Wu, Wenbiao Zhang, Ping Zhou, Hongyu Bao, Xiaoyan He, Tao Wang, Chi Zhang, Dasheng Tian, Fei Huang","doi":"10.34133/bmr.0392","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmr.0392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The heterogeneity of osteosarcoma (OS) is the main reason for ineffective treatment and uncontrolled disease. Immunotherapy provides an ideal strategy to overcome the heterogeneity of OS, but effective activation of tumor-intrinsic immunogenicity remains challenging. We developed a biomimetic nanoplatform utilizing mitochondrial damage as a potent immunogenic trigger by employing the mitochondria-targeting compound cinnamaldehyde (CA) derived from traditional Chinese medicine. OS cell membrane-coated hollow MnO₂ nanoparticles were used to deliver CA and chlorin e6. After accumulating at the tumor site and being internalized by tumor cells, CA release induces mitochondrial oxidative damage and produces hydrogen peroxide in combination with hollow manganese dioxide to alleviate the hypoxic microenvironment. Finally, a mitochondrial-damage amplification mechanism is formed to trigger tumor pyroptosis under the synergy of adjustable photodynamic therapy. Released damage-associated molecule patterns and damaged double-stranded DNA inside tumor cells promote dendritic cell maturation by activating the cGAS-STING (cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes) signaling axis. Through CA-triggered amplification of mitochondrial damage, dual immunogenic pathways reshape the immunosuppressive microenvironment, overcoming OS heterogeneity and inhibiting distal metastasis. This strategy provides new opportunities for tumor-intrinsic immunogenic activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93902,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials research","volume":"30 ","pages":"0392"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13554715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NEKfla: A Genetically Encoded Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Biosensor for Live-Cell Monitoring of Early NIMA-Related Kinase 7-NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome Signaling.","authors":"Sanghyun Ahn, Jung-Soo Suh, Yoonkwan Jang, Gyuho Choi, Kiseok Han, Yerim Lee, Dahee Lee, Chanhui Song, Jeong-Min Go, Minji Kim, Jinyoung Lee, Jung-Hwan Lee, Hae-Won Kim, Hwayoung Yun, Tae-Jin Kim","doi":"10.34133/bmr.0403","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmr.0403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The NLRP3 inflammasome is a key regulator of inflammatory responses and is increasingly recognized as an important mediator of pathological reactions to diverse chemical, biological, and microenvironmental stimuli. However, most currently available approaches primarily detect downstream or end-stage events, limiting real-time analysis of the early molecular processes that precede inflammasome assembly. Here, we report NEKfla, a genetically encoded Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensor designed to monitor early NEK7-NLRP3-associated signaling in living cells with single-cell spatiotemporal resolution. NEKfla was engineered using full-length NEK7 and NLRP3 linked to a ECFP-YPet FRET pair, and a ΔLRR control sensor was generated to assess interaction-dependent responses. In live-cell and in vitro analyses, NEKfla detected stimulus-dependent increases in FRET in response to lipopolysaccharide and nigericin, responded to pharmacological inhibition by MCC950 and licochalcone B, and visualized dynamic changes associated with NLRP3 oligomerization. The biosensor also functioned in multiple cellular contexts, including macrophage-like cells, and detected signaling changes earlier than a caspase-1 reporter. Together, these findings establish NEKfla as a live-cell platform for tracking proximal inflammasome activation events and support its potential utility in mechanistic studies and cell-based screening of materials or compounds that modulate early NLRP3 inflammasome signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":93902,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials research","volume":"30 ","pages":"0403"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13547735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148908412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acid-Responsive Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Core-Shell Nanovesicles Loaded with Interleukin-2 Nanoplatforms Selectively Expand Regulatory T Cells to Reconstruct Immunometabolic Homeostasis in Diabetic Neuropathy.","authors":"Yangjie Li, Yanqing Liu, Fei Gong, Kangling Xie, Ling Zhang, Taolin Fan, Cui Li, Jiahao Li, Fan Hu, Ying Cai","doi":"10.34133/bmr.0407","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmr.0407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a nanotherapeutic strategy for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) by developing polyimide-coated zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 core-shell nanovesicles loaded with interleukin-2 (MOF@PI-IL2) for inflammation-microenvironment-responsive delivery of IL-2 and relatively preferential activation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells). Given that DPN is characterized by chronic neuroinflammation and immune dysregulation with impaired Treg cell numbers and activity, the engineered nanoparticles promote Treg cell expansion and immunometabolic reprogramming while suppressing CD8⁺ T cell cytotoxicity. Through comprehensive evaluation using multiomics integration, biomineralization synthesis, inflammatory models, and DPN mouse experiments, the system demonstrated favorable physicochemical properties and biodistribution. Treatment with MOF@PI-IL2 significantly improved both electrophysiological parameters and structural nerve function. Forkhead box P3 knockdown experiments confirmed that the therapeutic effects were Treg cell dependent. Multiomics analysis further suggested that the treatment partly corrected short-chain fatty acid and tryptophan metabolic dysregulation and was associated with reconstruction of correlations within a \"metabolism-IL-2 response-Treg cell module\". This work provides an inflammation-microenvironment-responsive and translatable Treg-cell-targeted nanoimmunotherapeutic strategy for DPN while broadening the conceptual framework for treating chronic inflammatory diseases through immunometabolic modulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93902,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials research","volume":"30 ","pages":"0407"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13542432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female Reproductive Tract Modeling through Advanced 3D Biomimetic Platforms.","authors":"Chaeyoun Lee, Yoonseo Choi, Hyejin Lee, Seunghee Kim, Jeong Su Park, Young Min Shin, Dae Hyeok Yang, Gun-Jae Jeong, Dong Nyoung Heo, Jeong-Kee Yoon, Junhyeong Yim, Jongmin Kim, Yonghwan Kim, Kyung Hyun Yoo, Jung Bok Lee, Byung-Chul Lee","doi":"10.34133/bmr.0413","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmr.0413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The female reproductive tract (FRT) is an intricate and highly regulated network comprising the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and placenta, which work in concert to govern complex reproductive functions. Dysfunction within any of these organs can lead to serious pathological conditions, including infertility, pregnancy complications, and gynecological cancers. Although conventional 2-dimensional (2D) cultures and animal models have provided foundational insights, they are limited in their ability to recapitulate human-specific 3D tissue architecture and dynamic biochemical microenvironments. To address these limitations, organoid and organ-on-a-chip (OoC) technologies have emerged as a powerful 3D biomimetic platform. Organoids preserve epithelial identity, cellular heterogeneity, and patient-specific phenotypes, whereas OoC systems incorporate microfluidic flow, mechanical stimulation, and multicompartmental interfaces to model organ-level physiology. This review provides an organ-specific overview of recent advances in organoid and OoC systems across the FRT, discusses their advantages and current limitations relative to traditional models, and highlights their potential to transform reproductive biology research, disease modeling, and translational applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93902,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials research","volume":"30 ","pages":"0413"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13538936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}