Multifunctional Mesoporous Titanium Dioxide Nanodrug for Corneal Haze Treatment and Its Mechanism.

IF 8.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Biomaterials research Pub Date : 2025-05-14 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.34133/bmr.0202
Tao Li, Xiaoli Wu, Yi Huang, Juan Tang, Yu Zhang, Yangrui Du, Zhiyu Du
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Abstract

Preventing and treating corneal haze is essential after corneal surface refractive surgery. However, the high intraocular pressure that results after applying traditional anti-inflammatory corticosteroids has attracted great attention. Therefore, we synthesized a multifunctional nanomedicine (Tet@TiO2) with controlled drug release, inflammation targeting, and good biocompatibility for corneal haze treatment. In this study, we discovered that Tet@TiO2 and tetrandrine (Tet), but not TiO2, displayed a characteristic absorption peak at 282 nm. Three weeks after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy surgery, the Tet@TiO2 group displayed significant decreases in nuclear volume, corneal cell edema, type I and III collagen fiber expression, normal organelle morphology, and collagen fiber arrangement. Compared with those in the control and TiO2 groups, the α-smooth muscle actin, connective tissue growth factor, and type III collagen fibers in the Tet@TiO2 group decreased more significantly after fluorometholone eye drop and Tet treatment, indicating that Tet@TiO2 can effectively inhibit the expression of these inflammatory factors during corneal haze formation. Moreover, Tet@TiO2 showed good, sustained antibacterial properties. More importantly, we found that Tet@TiO2 could effectively down-regulate the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and up-regulate the expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) by modulating the inflammatory PI3K-AKT-Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway after corneal surface refractive surgery to effectively prevent and treat corneal haze by reducing the expression of inflammatory factors.

多功能介孔二氧化钛纳米药物治疗角膜雾霾及其机理研究。
预防和治疗角膜薄雾是角膜表面屈光手术后必不可少的。然而,使用传统的抗炎皮质类固醇后引起的高眼压引起了人们的广泛关注。因此,我们合成了一种药物释放可控、炎症靶向、生物相容性良好的多功能纳米药物(Tet@TiO2),用于治疗角膜雾霾。在本研究中,我们发现Tet@TiO2和粉防己碱(Tet),而不是TiO2,在282 nm处表现出特征吸收峰。经上皮性光屈光性角膜切除术后3周,Tet@TiO2组的核体积、角膜细胞水肿、I型和III型胶原纤维表达、细胞器形态和胶原纤维排列均明显减少。与对照组和TiO2组相比,Tet@TiO2组经氟美洛酮滴眼液和Tet治疗后α-平滑肌肌动蛋白、结缔组织生长因子、III型胶原纤维的下降更为明显,说明Tet@TiO2能有效抑制角膜雾霭形成过程中这些炎症因子的表达。此外,Tet@TiO2具有良好的持续抗菌性能。更重要的是,我们发现Tet@TiO2可以通过调节角膜表面屈光手术后炎症性PI3K-AKT-Bax/Bcl-2信号通路,有效下调磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)、蛋白激酶B (AKT)和B细胞淋巴瘤-2 (Bcl-2)的表达,上调Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)的表达,通过降低炎症因子的表达,有效预防和治疗角膜雾霾。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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