Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme最新文献

{"title":"Reply to discussion of \"Nutrient intakes of Canadian children and adolescents at school by meal occasion and location of food preparation\".","authors":"Emily R Ziraldo, Mavra Ahmed, Christine Mulligan, Daniel W Sellen, Mary R L'Abbé","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0129","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144736035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between objectively measured nighttime sleep duration, sleep timing, and sleep quality and body composition in toddlers in the Guelph Family Health Study.","authors":"Sarah C S Ribey, Hannah J Coyle-Asbil, Katarina Osojnicki, Bridget Coyle-Asbil, Lori Ann Vallis, Gerarda Darlington, Alison M Duncan, David W L Ma, Jess Haines, Andrea C Buchholz","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0244","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of child obesity is a worldwide public health concern. Good sleep quality is associated with reduced adiposity in older children and adults. More research is needed in younger children to help mitigate risk of obesity. In addition, we aimed to address limitations found in previous studies such as relying on subjective measures, or only including one parameter of sleep, using only one body composition parameter, and/or not adjusting for relevant covariates. This cross-sectional study examined baseline data from 48 toddlers aged 1 to <3 years enrolled in the Guelph Family Health Study. Nighttime sleep duration (total sleep time; TST), sleep timing (sleep onset and offset time), and sleep quality (wake after sleep onset; WASO) were measured using 24 h accelerometry for 7 consecutive days. Height, body weight, and waist circumference were measured, and BMI <i>z</i>-scores and waist-to-height ratios were calculated. Percent fat mass and fat mass index were calculated using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Linear regression models were used to estimate associations between sleep parameters and body composition outcomes, with adjustments for relevant covariates (age, sex, household income, screen time, energy intake, physical activity, household stress). Nighttime sleep onset time was positively associated with waist-to-height ratio ( <math> <mover><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow> <mo>̂</mo></mover> </math> = 0.004, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Sleep offset time was negatively associated with BMI <i>z</i>-score ( <math> <mover><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow> <mo>̂</mo></mover> </math> = -0.48, <i>p</i> = 0.02). TST and WASO were not associated with any body composition outcome. Building healthy sleep habits may prevent childhood obesity; longitudinal research in a larger sample is warranted. This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02939261).</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-body exercise following doxorubicin administration alters skeletal muscle drug accumulation and amino acid pools.","authors":"Meghan V McCue, Madeline Stever, Alexandra L Ransom, David A MacLean","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0096","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Doxorubicin is a commonly used chemotherapy that rapidly accumulates within muscle and disrupts nitric oxide formation and amino acid homeostasis. Exercise has been lauded as a potential countermeasure to protect skeletal muscle from the harmful effects of the drug; however, little is known about how exercise impacts these factors following doxorubicin administration. Young, healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats (<i>n</i> = 36) were randomly assigned to experimental groups. All groups except true control received a 4.5 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin. Dox24 and Dox48 rats were drug-only controls, harvested at 24 and 48  h post-injection, respectively. The remaining groups performed exercise at 24 h and were sacrificed immediately following (1EXE), exercised at 24 h followed by 24 h of recovery (1EXE + REC), and exercised at both 24 and 48 h (2EXE). Recovery following exercise elevated intramuscular doxorubicin, which was reduced by a secondary bout (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Intramuscular nitric oxide formation was significantly reduced by doxorubicin, and exercise did not restore levels to that of true control. Essential amino acids were reduced by exercise (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Glutamate was reduced (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in all groups except Dox24. Methionine was elevated (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in all groups compared to true control. The data suggest that multiple bouts of exercise are likely required to continuously remove doxorubicin from muscle. Exercise could not restore impaired nitric oxide production. Depleted glutamate and increased methionine suggest increased metabolism and production to combat oxidative stress and energetic constraints. Depleted essential amino acid pools highlight the importance of dietary intervention in exercise oncology settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144746479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of oat β-glucan in managing blood pressure: a randomized cross-over pilot trial.","authors":"Yasmin Iman, Dianna Dandeneau, Haizhou Wang, Rebecca Mollard, Reid Whitlock, Nancy Ames, Lovemore Malunga, Navdeep Tangri, Dylan Mackay, Thomas Netticadan, Sijo Joseph Thandapilly","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension affects over 1.2 billion adults worldwide. While numerous pharmacological treatments are available for managing hypertension, dietary approaches may also offer beneficial alternatives or complementary strategies. High molecular weight (HMW) β-glucan, a fibre found in oats, may be responsible for reductions in systolic blood pressure. This pilot trial investigated the efficacy of HMW oat β-glucan in reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure in individuals with mild hypertension. Additionally, changes in heart rate, body weight, waist circumference, and dietary intake, including protein, carbohydrates, fat, and fibre were assessed. This study was conducted virtually during the COVID-19 pandemic. The trial followed a randomized, double-blinded, cross-over design. During the treatment period, participants were provided breakfast cookies made from oats containing 4 g/day of HMW oat β-glucan. During the control period, participants received breakfast cookies made primarily from wheat, which does not contain a significant amount of β-glucan (0.12 g/day). Twenty-one people completed the trial. Consumption of oat β-glucan breakfast cookies for 4 weeks did not reduce systolic blood pressure (132.71 ± 1.92 vs. 132.9 ± 1.92, <i>p</i> = 0.95) or diastolic blood pressure (82.86 ± 1.43 vs. 82.38 ± 1.43, <i>p</i> = 0.98) compared to control. Waist circumference (<i>p</i> = 0.67), weight (<i>p</i> = 0.79), heart rate (<i>p</i> = 0.73), and dietary intake (protein (<i>p</i> = 29), carbohydrate (<i>p</i> = 0.45), fat (<i>p</i> = 12), and fibre (<i>p</i> = 0.64)) were unchanged. Our results indicate that oat β-glucan consumption does not affect systolic or diastolic blood pressure compared to a wheat-based control in middle age and older adults with mild hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Note of appreciation.","authors":"","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0496","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Get Active Questionnaire for Pregnancy in Colombian Spanish.","authors":"Diana Carolina Rodríguez-González, Nelson Fernelly González Cetina, Carolina Sandoval Cuellar, Ledmar Jovanny Vargas Rodríguez","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2023-0021","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2023-0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To ensure safe, optimal, and personalized physical activity, exercise, or sport during pregnancy, the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, the College of Family Physicians of Canada, and the Women's Health Division of the Canadian Physiotherapy Association, developed the Get Active Questionnaire for Pregnancy (GAQ_P) as a pre-assessment to identify women who may have a relative or absolute contraindication to prenatal exercise that requires further consultation with a health professional to determine if exercise can or should be continued or initiated during pregnancy. This study aims to translate and cross-culturally adapt the GAQ_P for use in Colombian Spanish. The original instrument was developed in English and French for the evaluation of the health of pregnant women before the beginning of physical activity and the guidelines for the same. Ten steps were followed according to the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research Translation and Cultural Adaptation guidelines, with the participation of four experts. The comprehensibility of the instrument was 99%, which shows a high percentage of intelligibility of the document. This article describes the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the GAQ_P for use in Colombian Spanish, contributing positively to pre-exercise screening during pregnancy in Colombia.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141177075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological monitoring for occupational heat stress management: recent advancements and remaining challenges.","authors":"Sean R Notley, Robert D Meade, David P Looney, Christopher L Chapman, Adam W Potter, Alison Fogarty, Tabassum Howlader, Luana C Main, Karl E Friedl, Glen P Kenny","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0395","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Occupational heat stress poses a major threat to worker health and safety that is projected to worsen with global warming. To manage these adverse effects, most industries rely on administrative controls (stay times and work-to-rest allocations) that are designed to limit the rise in body core temperature in the \"average\" individual. However, due to the extensive inter- and intra-individual variation in thermoregulatory function, these administrative controls will result in some individuals having their work rate and productivity unnecessarily restricted (false positives), while others may be subject to rises in heat strain that compromise health (false negatives). Physiological monitoring has long been touted as a more effective approach for individualized protection from excessive heat stress. This has led to extensive interest in the use of wearable technology for heat stress management from both the scientific community and manufacturers of wearable devices, which has accelerated in the past decade. In this review, we evaluate the merits of the recent and emerging approaches to manage occupational heat strain with wearable physiological monitors. Against this background, we then describe the issues that we perceive to be unresolved regarding the use of wearable heat strain monitors and the research efforts needed to address those issues. Particular emphasis is directed to the efficacy of existing physiological indicators of heat strain, how to define upper limits for those indicators and the efforts required to rigorously validate emerging wearable heat strain monitoring devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brown rice attenuates iron-induced Parkinson's disease phenotypes in male wild-type <i>drosophila</i>: insights into antioxidant and iron metabolism modulation.","authors":"Hassan Muhammad Yankuzo, Ismail Sulaiman, Suleiman Alhaji Muhammad, Abdullahi Abdullahi Raji, Yaaqub Abiodun Uthman, Mustapha Umar Imam","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0110","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive movement disorder associated with brain iron (Fe) accumulation and free radicals. Brown rice (BR) is antioxidant-rich and has been shown to ameliorate oxidative stress-induced damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BR compared to white rice (WR) on Fe-induced PD in a fruit fly model. Three-day-old male adult flies were divided into two groups: one on a normal diet and the other on Fe-diet (1 mmol/L) for 10 days to induce PD. After 10 days, the Fe-fed flies were redistributed into four groups: one on normal diet (Fe group), while the others were treated with BR (Fe + BR group), WR (Fe + WR group), or L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) (Fe + L-dopa group) for 5 days. Similarly, the flies initially on a normal diet were separated into four groups: one on normal diet (Control group), while the others were treated with BR (BR group), WR (WR group), or L-dopa (L-dopa group) for 5 days. Finally, Fe levels, dopamine, malonaldehyde (MDA), and antioxidant enzymes were measured, and the mRNA levels of antioxidant and Fe metabolism genes were assessed. BR significantly improved motor and cognitive functions, decreased fly head MDA and Fe levels, and increased antioxidant enzyme levels in comparison to the Fe and WR groups. Similarly, BR upregulated the mRNA levels of antioxidant genes: catalase, GPx, Nrf2, and DJ-1. The results suggest that BR could potentially reduce morbidities associated with PD possibly due to its bioactive compounds compared to WR.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-exercise ingestion of a low glycaemic index rice-based mixed meal increases fat oxidation and endurance running performance in a hot-humid environment.","authors":"Zaini Bahari, Abdul Rashid Aziz, Nik Shanita Safii, Ahmad Munir Che Muhamed","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0219","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Relative to exercise in a thermoneutral environment, there is only limited evidence demonstrating that a low glycaemic index (LGI) pre-exercise meal can enhance endurance exercise performance in a hot-humid (HH) condition. Also, previous studies predominantly utilised Western-based and single food items, with minimal focus on Asian-based mixed meals. This study aimed to investigate the impact of pre-exercise LGI and high glycaemic index (HGI) rice-based mixed meals on endurance performance among acclimatised trained athletes in HH condition (32 °C, 65% relative humidity). Twelve native-born endurance-trained male runners (age 22.0 ± 5.8 years; peak oxygen consumption (V̇O_2peak) 64.2 ± 5.5 mL kg^-1 min^-1) completed two trials consisting of 45 min steady-state (SS) run at 70% V̇O_2peak followed by 10 km performance run (TT_10km). Three hours before exercise, participants consumed an isocaloric rice-based mixed meals containing either LGI (GI value = 47) or HGI (GI value = 80), providing 1.3 g of carbohydrate (CHO) per kg of body mass. Participants ran faster during TT_10 km after consuming the LGI meal compared to the HGI meal (LGI: 55.18 ± 1.22 vs. HGI: 57.03 ± 2.25 min, <i>p</i> = 0.010). End rectal temperature did not significantly differ between trials (LGI: 39.16 ± 0.74 vs. HGI: 38.95 ± 0.46 °C, <i>p</i> = 0.352). Fat oxidation was higher during the SS run in the LGI compared to the HGI trial (LGI: 0.19 ± 0.05 vs. HGI: 0.13 ± 0.19 g min^-1, <i>p</i> = 0.001). This study demonstrated that, relative to HGI, consuming a pre-exercise LGI rice-based mixed meal enhanced endurance performance in HH environment among acclimatised trained male athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of the effects of dairy products with their plant-based alternatives on metabolic responses in healthy young Canadian adults: a randomized crossover study.","authors":"Nicole Da Silva, G Harvey Anderson, Amira M Amr, Shirley Vien, Hrvoje Fabek","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0158","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant-based food demand is rapidly increasing. However, the metabolic responses of plant proteins within their commercially available form remain unclear. Two randomized crossover experiments compared plant-based alternatives to dairy on postprandial glycemia, metabolic hormones, and appetite before and after a fixed-size (12 kcal/kg body weight) pasta meal in sixteen healthy young adults (eight males and eight females). In experiment 1, participants (22.8 ± 2.3 year) consumed one serving of Greek yogurt (175 g), cheddar cheese (30 g), plant-based cheese (30 g), or plant-based yogurt (175 g). In experiment 2, participants (22.3 ± 2.4 year) consumed one serving (250 mL) of cow's milk, vanilla soy beverage or vanilla almond beverage, and (30 g) of cheddar cheese or plant-based cheese. Blood glucose, insulin, and appetite were measured at baseline, post-treatment, and following a fixed-size pasta meal (post-meal) within 15-30 min. In experiment 2, C-peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and ghrelin were measured. Greek yogurt and cheddar cheese lowered post-meal blood glucose more than their plant-based alternatives (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and post-treatment blood glucose was higher following almond beverage than cheddar cheese and plant-based cheese (<i>p</i> < 0.01). In experiment 1, post-treatment insulin was higher after Greek yogurt than cheddar cheese and plant-based cheese and all treatments post-meal (<i>p</i> < 0.02). Post-meal appetite was lower after plant-based yogurt than cheddar cheese and plant-based cheese (<i>p</i> < 0.01). In experiment 2, post-treatment insulin was higher after almond beverage compared to all treatments (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and post-meal GLP-1 was higher after milk than almond beverage (<i>p</i> = 0.03). We conclude that the physiological functionality of plant-based alternatives as measured by blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and GLP-1 did not replicate the metabolic functions of dairy products. Clinical trial registry number: http://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04600128 and NCT05919667).</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}