Annals of medicine最新文献

{"title":"The importance of Naples prognostic score in predicting long-term mortality in heart failure patients.","authors":"Sidar Şiyar Aydın, Selim Aydemir, Murat Özmen, Emrah Aksakal, İbrahim Saraç, Faruk Aydınyılmaz, Onur Altınkaya, Oğuzhan Birdal, İbrahim Halil Tanboğa","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2442536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2442536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heart failure (HF) remains a significant health problem despite advances in diagnosis and treatment options. Malnutrition and increased inflammation predict poor disease prognosis. The parameters of the Naples prognostic score (NPS) include albumin, total cholesterol, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR). We aimed to assess the potential of NPS as a predictor of long-term mortality in patients with HF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1728 patients with HF who applied to our center between 2018 and 2022 were included in this study. The NPS was computed and the patients were divided into three groups according to their NPS values as follows: NPS = 0 (Group 1), NPS = 1-2 (Group 2), and NPS = 3-4 (Group 3). We also evaluated the association between NPS value and HF mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients were followed for a mean follow-up duration of 30 months. The mortality rate was 8.3% (145 patients). We carried out Model-1 and -2 Cox regression analyses to identify long-term mortality determinants. Model-2 was constructed by adding NPS to Model-1. NPS was significantly associated with HF mortality (Hazard Ratio: 2.194, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.176-4.091, <i>p</i> = 0.014). According to the Kaplan-Meier plot and log-rank analyses, there was a statistically significant difference in the long-term mortality of patients with HF and their NPS values for the entire cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on our findings, NPS showed promise as an independent predictor of long-term mortality in individuals with HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2442536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early combination of sotrovimab with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir or remdesivir is associated with low rate of persisting SARS CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised outpatients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19: a prospective single-centre study.","authors":"I Gentile, G Viceconte, F Cuccurullo, D Pietroluongo, A D'Agostino, M Silvitelli, S Mercinelli, R Scotto, F Grimaldi, S Palmieri, A Gravetti, F Trastulli, M Moccia, A R Buonomo","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2439541","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2439541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immunocompromised patients are at high risk of developing persisting/prolonged COVID-19. Data on the early combined use of antivirals and monoclonal antibodies in this population are scarce.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We performed an observational, prospective study, enrolling immunocompromised outpatients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, treated with a combination of sotrovimab plus one antiviral (remdesivir or nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) within 7 days from symptom onset. Primary outcome was hospitalization within 30 days. Secondary outcomes were: needing for oxygen therapy; development of persistent infection; death within 60 days and reinfection or relapse within 90 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 52 patients. No patient was hospitalized within 30 days of disease onset, required oxygen administration, died within 60 days, or experienced a reinfection or clinical relapse within 90 days.The clearance rates were 67% and 97% on the 14th day after the end of therapy and at the end of the follow-up period, respectively.Factors associated with longer infection were initiation of therapy 3 days after symptom onset and enrollment for more than 180 days from the beginning of the study. However, only the latter factor was independently associated with a longer SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting a loss of efficacy of this strategy with the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early administration of combination therapy with a direct antiviral and sotrovimab seems to be effective in preventing hospitalization, progression to severe COVID-19, and development of prolonged/persisting SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2439541"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe postoperative complications after minimally invasive esophagectomy reduce the long-term prognosis of well-immunonutrition patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Chao Chen, Shao-Jun Xu, Zhi-Fan Zhang, Cheng-Xiong You, Yun-Fan Luo, Rui-Qin Chen, Shu-Chen Chen","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2440622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2440622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While severe postoperative complications (SPCs) impact cancer prognosis, their effect on locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with varying immunonutritional statuses after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 442 patients with locally advanced ESCC who underwent MIE, investigating the relationship between SPCs and survival based on preoperative immunonutritional status, determined by the prognostic nutritional index (PNI). Nomograms were developed for patients with preserved immunonutritional status using Cox regression, and their performance was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the patients, 102 (23.1%) experienced SPCs after MIE. Five-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly different between SPCs and non-SPCs groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In the preserved immunonutritional group, SPCs significantly reduced 5-year OS (<i>p</i> = 0.008) and DFS (<i>p</i> = 0.011), but not in the poor immunonutritional group (OS <i>p</i> = 0.152, DFS <i>p</i> = 0.098). Multivariate Cox regression identified SPCs as an independent risk factor for OS (HR = 1.653, <i>p</i> = 0.013) and DFS (HR = 1.476, <i>p</i> = 0.039). A nomogram for predicting OS and DFS in preserved immunonutritional patients demonstrated excellent performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SPCs significantly affect prognosis in ESCC patients with preserved immunonutritional status after MIE. Nomograms based on SPCs can predict OS and DFS in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2440622"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital learning strategies in residency education.","authors":"Helena Vallo Hult, Adam Abovarda, Christian Master Östlund, Paul Pålsson","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2440630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2440630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>New digital learning environments have transformed medical education and training, allowing students and teachers to engage in synchronous, real-time interactions and asynchronous learning activities online. Despite extensive research on the role of digital technologies in education, understanding the interplay between digital technology, work, and learning, especially in complex fields like healthcare, remains a challenge.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to examine resident physicians' perceptions and experiences of using a digital learning environment as part of their specialist medical training. The paper focuses on digital learning through video conferencing (virtual lectures and seminars) and related learning technologies. It aims to understand how resident physicians perceive pedagogical opportunities and challenges in digital learning environments during their medical training and what strategies they use to address these.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The methodological approach is qualitative, aiming to capture and understand participants' experiences and views of digital learning. The empirical data gathered from open-ended responses to four course evaluation surveys and semi-structured interviews with nine physicians from a cohort of participants enrolled in two or more digital courses were analyzed through thematic analysis. The analysis revealed three main themes related to digital transformation of learning: sociotechnical, educational and administrative.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results suggest that (i) sociotechnical aspects and understanding of the context in which the learning takes place contribute to enhancing digital learning for resident physicians; (ii) insights into participants' perceptions of digital learning emphasize that interactive communication and group discussions are significant for their learning, and (iii) administrative aspects related to course design, lecture management, and instructional support are more important in digital learning environments compared to traditional teaching and learning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings from this study confirm and extend prior studies on digital learning in healthcare, contributing to a better understanding of how digital learning environments, especially virtual lectures and seminars, can be developed and integrated into residency programs and health professions education to increase their usefulness.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2440630"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The expression and clinical significance of serum exosomal-long non-coding RNA DLEU1 in patients with cervical cancer.","authors":"Yu Chen, Facai Cui, Xiaoyu Wu, Weifeng Zhao, Qingxin Xia","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2442537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2442537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) lymphocytic leukaemia deletion gene 1 (DLEU1) is abnormally overexpressed in many cancer types, including cervical cancer (CC). However, the potential clinical significance of DLEU1 in serum exosomes of patients with CC remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expression of serum exosomal DLEU1 was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the clinical diagnostic efficacy of DLEU1. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox proportional hazards model were used to assess the effect of DLEU1 on postoperative recurrence, metastasis and prognosis among patients with CC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our research showed that DLEU1 expression in the serum exosomes of patients with CC was significantly upregulated compared to that in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and healthy controls (HCs) (both <i>p</i> < .001). DLEU1 relative expression was significantly correlated with tumour size, cervical invasion depth, pathological grade, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and lymph node metastasis among patients with CC (<i>p</i> < .01 all). The combined detection of DLEU1, carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) exhibited significantly higher diagnostic efficiency (<i>p</i> < .01). Furthermore, the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of CC patients in the high DLEU1 expression group were markedly lower than those in the low DLEU1 expression group (both <i>p</i> < .01). Cox univariate and multivariate regression analyses indicated that DLEU1 was an independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence and metastasis in CC patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that serum exosome DLEU1 has certain clinical value for diagnosing, monitoring recurrence and metastasis, and evaluating CC prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2442537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic ability for common skin diseases among general practitioners working in community health service centers in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Guanghui Wang, Haiying Chen, Xiaoqing Gu, Minjie Jia, Ying Yu, Xiaoxiao Cao, Ruiping Wang","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2442066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2442066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Primary care general practitioners (GPs) play a crucial role in common skin diseases (CSDs) diagnosis and treatment for community residents. This study investigates their clinical diagnostic ability for CSDs and influencing factors among GPs in Shanghai.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2023, we recruited 5745 GPs in Shanghai, and online survey was conducted among 5745 GPs with written informed consents. Images of ten CSDs was used to evaluate the diagnostic ability among GPs, logistic regression (LR) analysis was applied to explore influencing factors in GPs with a good skin diseases diagnostic ability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 5745 GPs included 1740 male (30.3%), the age ranged from 25 to 60 years with an average of age of 40.8 years. The total score for GSDs diagnostic ability ranged from 2 to 10, with a median of 7.5. In this study, GPs who have achieved ≥ 9 scores were identified as GPs with good diagnostic ability, with a prevalence of 26.7%. LR analysis indicated that GPs with 11 to 15 and over 15 years of work experience had a higher prevalence of good diagnostic ability compared with those with <5 years, the OR was 1.23 (95% CI: 1.02-1.48) and 1.25 (95% CI: 1.05-1.49) respectively. GPs with advanced studies [OR = 1.61, 95% CI:1.33-1.95] and work experience [OR = 1.39, 95% CI:1.20-1.61] in dermatology had a higher prevalence of good diagnostic ability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The diagnostic ability for CSDs was good among GPs in Shanghai. GPs with more years of work, advanced studies and work experience in dermatology have better diagnostic abilities CSDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2442066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optic disc changes in Chinese patients with <i>NLRP3</i>-associated autoinflammatory disease.","authors":"Yuezhu Lu, Min Shen, Zhikun Yang, Xiao Zhang, Donghui Li, Zhangwanyu Wei, Bing Li, Xufeng Zhao, Na Wu, Bingxuan Wu, Weihong Yu, Yong Zhong","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2438842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2438842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the optic disc changes (ODC) in Chinese patients with <i>NLRP3</i>-associated autoinflammatory disease (<i>NLRP3</i>-AID).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who were diagnosed with <i>NLRP3</i>-AID at the Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital between April 2015 and December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 20 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. All 20 patients had a moderate MWS <i>NLRP3</i>-AID phenotype. Thirteen patients (65%) had ocular involvements. The interval between symptoms onset and diagnosis was significantly longer in patients with ocular involvement than in patients without (<i>p</i> = 0.044). The incidence of hearing loss was significantly higher in patients with ocular involvement (<i>p</i> = 0.017), while the incidence of abdominal pain was significantly lower when compared to patients without ocular involvement (<i>p</i> = 0.007). Optic disc swelling (ODS) (50%) was the most common ODC. All of the four T348M mutation carriers within our cohort exhibited ODS with visual-field defects. There was a significant difference between patients with/without ODS regarding the number of patients carrying T348M mutation (<i>p</i> = 0.014). The occurrence of hearing loss and CNS involvement was significantly higher in the group with ODS compared to the group without (<i>p</i> = 0.0014, <i>p</i> = 0.0198). Of the eight patients who underwent lumbar puncture, five presented with intracranial hypertension (IH). ODS was observed in all patients with IH. The serum inflammatory markers were significantly higher in patients with ODS than in those without. Two patients receiving regular subcutaneous IL-1 inhibitor treatment showed improvements in ODC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ODC is common among Chinese patients with NLRP3-AID, with ODS being the most common manifestation. Hearing loss and CNS involvement often accompany the occurrence of ODS. The serum inflammatory markers are associated with ODS. The T348M mutation is more likely to lead to ODC with visual-field defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2438842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features and endovascular treatment of ruptured peripheral cerebral aneurysms associated with moyamoya disease: an 8-year single-center experience.","authors":"Zheng Feng, Yongquan Chang, Xingyi Jin, Weidong Yu, Chao Fu","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2441517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2441517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ruptured peripheral cerebral aneurysm (PPCA) associated with moyamoya disease (MMD) is rarely reported, and its optimal treatment remains controversial. This study aims to present the clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and outcome predictors of this rare clinical entity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of patients with hemorrhagic MMD from January 2013 to December 2020 was performed. All medical records were independently compiled and reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-three patients were identified, 56.5% of whom were female. The mean age was 45.9 years with a peak age of onset of 51-60 years. Most patients (65.2%) developed intraventricular hemorrhage with or without intracerebral hemorrhage. These aneurysms were frequently located on the anterior (26.1%) and posterior (43.5%) choroidal arteries. Sixteen (69.6%) aneurysms were embolized and the remaining 7 (30.4%) were managed conservatively due to approach inaccessibility. Good outcomes were achieved in 82.6% of all cases, with 81.3% for embolization and 85.7% for observation. Complete occlusion was observed in all 16 aneurysms embolized. Of the conservatively treated aneurysms, 1 (14.3%) re-ruptured, 1 (14.3%) decreased in size, 2 (28.6%) disappeared, and 3 (42.8%) remained stable in size. Aneurysm rebleeding was associated with an unfavorable outcome (<i>P</i> = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PPCA should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic MMD. Aneurysm rebleeding appears to be a potential predictor of poor outcome and therefore aggressive intervention should be advocated. Endovascular embolization may be safe and feasible, and conservative observation should be carefully chosen given the high risk of aneurysm re-rupture.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2441517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-dose heparin sodium as a protective factor against bronchiolitis obliterans formation after adenovirus infection.","authors":"Li Peng, Lili Zhong, Rong Hu, Lei Cui, Silan Liu, Han Huang, Xiaofang Ding, Min Chen, Lin Lin","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2440130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2440130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adenovirus (ADV) pneumonia in children is a significant contributor to the occurrence of post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). Heparin sodium has known anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and tissue repair properties. However, its role in treating BO after ADV infection remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 793 children diagnosed with ADV pneumonia and hospitalized in the southern region from January 2019 to December 2019. Among them, 307 cases were classified as single ADV pneumonia. We utilized directed acyclic graphs to analyze the causal relationships between various variables, which further helped us identify the independent and confounding variables for constructing our regression model. Propensity score matching (PSM) was also employed to control for confounding variables that could not be intervened in this study, ensuring baseline level equilibrium and correction. We utilized univariate logistic regression analysis to explore the factors influencing BO development after ADV pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 793 children diagnosed with ADV pneumonia, 86 cases (10.84%) progressed to BO. The proportion of heparin use was higher in the non-BO group than in the BO group after PSM. The univariate regression analysis revealed that acute respiratory failure, neurological involvement and fibrinogen (FIB) were risk factors for the development of BO in ADV pneumonia cases (OR > 1, <i>p</i> < 0.05), but low-dose heparin sodium treatment and hemoglobin (OR < 1, <i>p</i> < 0.05) exhibited protective effects against BO formation. Among the 307 children with single ADV pneumonia (excluding confounding factors), 33 cases (10.75%) developed BO. The univariate regression analysis further indicated that fever duration, acute respiratory failure and FIB were risk factors for the development of BO in single ADV pneumonia (OR > 1, <i>p</i> < 0.05), while low-dose heparin sodium treatment (OR < 1, <i>p</i> < 0.05) was protective against BO formation after a single ADV pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low-dose heparin sodium treatment may be a protective factor against the development of BO after ADV pneumonia infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2440130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of DUOXA2 in the clinical diagnosis of paediatric congenital hypothyroidism.","authors":"Jiani Du, Yanling Yang, Ding Wei, Jiajun Wu, Chunping Tian, Qianqian Hu, Hongyan Bian, Chen Cheng, Xiaoyan Zhai","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2440121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2440121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a common metabolic disorder in children that can impact growth and neurodevelopment, particularly during infancy and early childhood. DUOXA2, a DUOX maturation factor, plays a crucial role in the maturation and activation of dual oxidase DUOX2 (a member of the NADPH oxidase family). DUOX2 can correctly migrate to the plasma membrane from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with the help of DUOXA2, and the two proteins together form a stable complex that promotes hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Genetic alterations in <i>DUOXA2</i> lead to defects function of DUOX2 protein causing inherited CH.</p><p><p><b>Objectives</b>: This review discusses the relationship between DUOXA2 and CH, including the pathogenic mechanisms of CH in children caused by <i>DUOXA2</i> mutations and the possibility or promise of <i>DUOXA2</i> gene screening as a diagnostic marker for CH in the clinic.</p><p><p><b>Methods</b>: The review synthesizes current research on the biological role of DUOXA2 and DUOX2 in thyroid hormone synthesis, the molecular impact of DUOXA2 mutations, and the clinical implications of genetic screening for CH.</p><p><p><b>Results</b>: Mutations in <i>DUOXA2</i> disrupt this process of H2O2 generation in the synthesis of thyroid hormones , leading to inherited CH. Early identification through <i>DUOXA2</i> gene screening could improve diagnostic accuracy, which facilitates early intervention and personalized treatment.</p><p><p><b>Conclusions</b>: <i>DUOXA2</i> gene screening holds promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in CH. However, it cannot be used as a sole diagnostic indicator, and to optimize diagnostic sensitivity, it should be combined with the screening of other relevant genetic mutations and diagnostic tools. Further research is needed to refine screening protocols and explore therapeutic options.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2440121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}