Annals of medicine最新文献

{"title":"Severe interstitial lung disease risk prediction in anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 positive dermatomyositis: the STRAD-Ro52 model.","authors":"Fei Xiao, Feilong Chen, DongSheng Li, Songyuan Zheng, Xiao Liang, Juan Wu, JunYuan Zhong, Xiangliang Tan, Rui Chen, Junqing Zhu, Shixian Chen, Juan Li","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2440621","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2440621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5-positive dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease (MDA5⁺DM-ILD) often leads to acute respiratory failure and endangers lives. This study quantitatively analysed chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images to assess MDA5⁺DM-ILD and establish a risk prediction model for severe ILD within six months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a 'Standardized Threshold Ratio Analysis & Distribution' (STRAD) to analyse lung HRCT images. In this retrospective study, 51 patients with MDA5⁺DM-ILD were included and divided into severe-ILD and non-severe-ILD groups based on the occurrence of acute respiratory failure within six months post-diagnosis of MDA5⁺DM. The STRAD parameters, clinical indicators and treatments were compared between the two groups. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to select the optimal STRAD parameters. Multivariate analysis selected clinical factors to be further combined with STRAD to enhance the predictive performance of the final model (STRAD-Ro52 model).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed between the two groups in STRAD parameters, anti-Ro52 antibody titers, presence of anti-Ro52 antibodies, age, ESR, ALB, Pa/FiO₂, IgM and IL-4 levels. The STRAD parameters were significantly correlated with demographic, inflammatory, organ function and immunological indicators. Lasso logistic regression analysis identified the -699 to -650 HU lung tissue proportion (%V7) as the optimal parameter for predicting severe ILD and S6·%V7, and the distribution of %V7 in the mid lungs was the optimal space parameter. Multifactorial regression of clinical indicators showed that the presence of anti-Ro52 antibodies was an independent risk factor for severe ILD, leading to the establishment of the STRAD-Ro52 model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The STRAD-Ro52 model assists in identifying MDA5⁺DM patients at risk of developing severe ILD within six months, further optimizing precise disease management and clinical research design.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2440621"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11660418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of DUOXA2 in the clinical diagnosis of paediatric congenital hypothyroidism.","authors":"Jiani Du, Yanling Yang, Ding Wei, Jiajun Wu, Chunping Tian, Qianqian Hu, Hongyan Bian, Chen Cheng, Xiaoyan Zhai","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2440121","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2440121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a common metabolic disorder in children that can impact growth and neurodevelopment, particularly during infancy and early childhood. DUOXA2, a DUOX maturation factor, plays a crucial role in the maturation and activation of dual oxidase DUOX2 (a member of the NADPH oxidase family). DUOX2 can correctly migrate to the plasma membrane from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with the help of DUOXA2, and the two proteins together form a stable complex that promotes hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Genetic alterations in <i>DUOXA2</i> lead to defects function of DUOX2 protein causing inherited CH.</p><p><p><b>Objectives</b>: This review discusses the relationship between DUOXA2 and CH, including the pathogenic mechanisms of CH in children caused by <i>DUOXA2</i> mutations and the possibility or promise of <i>DUOXA2</i> gene screening as a diagnostic marker for CH in the clinic.</p><p><p><b>Methods</b>: The review synthesizes current research on the biological role of DUOXA2 and DUOX2 in thyroid hormone synthesis, the molecular impact of DUOXA2 mutations, and the clinical implications of genetic screening for CH.</p><p><p><b>Results</b>: Mutations in <i>DUOXA2</i> disrupt this process of H2O2 generation in the synthesis of thyroid hormones , leading to inherited CH. Early identification through <i>DUOXA2</i> gene screening could improve diagnostic accuracy, which facilitates early intervention and personalized treatment.</p><p><p><b>Conclusions</b>: <i>DUOXA2</i> gene screening holds promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in CH. However, it cannot be used as a sole diagnostic indicator, and to optimize diagnostic sensitivity, it should be combined with the screening of other relevant genetic mutations and diagnostic tools. Further research is needed to refine screening protocols and explore therapeutic options.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2440121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11648137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-dose heparin sodium as a protective factor against bronchiolitis obliterans formation after adenovirus infection.","authors":"Li Peng, Lili Zhong, Rong Hu, Lei Cui, Silan Liu, Han Huang, Xiaofang Ding, Min Chen, Lin Lin","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2440130","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2440130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adenovirus (ADV) pneumonia in children is a significant contributor to the occurrence of post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). Heparin sodium has known anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and tissue repair properties. However, its role in treating BO after ADV infection remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 793 children diagnosed with ADV pneumonia and hospitalized in the southern region from January 2019 to December 2019. Among them, 307 cases were classified as single ADV pneumonia. We utilized directed acyclic graphs to analyze the causal relationships between various variables, which further helped us identify the independent and confounding variables for constructing our regression model. Propensity score matching (PSM) was also employed to control for confounding variables that could not be intervened in this study, ensuring baseline level equilibrium and correction. We utilized univariate logistic regression analysis to explore the factors influencing BO development after ADV pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 793 children diagnosed with ADV pneumonia, 86 cases (10.84%) progressed to BO. The proportion of heparin use was higher in the non-BO group than in the BO group after PSM. The univariate regression analysis revealed that acute respiratory failure, neurological involvement and fibrinogen (FIB) were risk factors for the development of BO in ADV pneumonia cases (OR > 1, <i>p</i> < 0.05), but low-dose heparin sodium treatment and hemoglobin (OR < 1, <i>p</i> < 0.05) exhibited protective effects against BO formation. Among the 307 children with single ADV pneumonia (excluding confounding factors), 33 cases (10.75%) developed BO. The univariate regression analysis further indicated that fever duration, acute respiratory failure and FIB were risk factors for the development of BO in single ADV pneumonia (OR > 1, <i>p</i> < 0.05), while low-dose heparin sodium treatment (OR < 1, <i>p</i> < 0.05) was protective against BO formation after a single ADV pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low-dose heparin sodium treatment may be a protective factor against the development of BO after ADV pneumonia infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2440130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and preference for future delivery among language minority, newcomer, and racialized peoples in Canada: a national cross-sectional and longitudinal study.","authors":"Robin M Humble, Janet Sau Wun Lee, Crystal Du, S Michelle Driedger, Eve Dubé, Shannon E MacDonald","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2445777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2445777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite high COVID-19 vaccine coverage in Canada, vaccine acceptance and preferred delivery among newcomers, racialized persons, and those who primarily speak minority languages are not well understood. This national study explores COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, access to vaccines, and delivery preferences among ethnoculturally diverse population groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted two national cross-sectional surveys during the pandemic (Dec 2020 and Oct-Nov 2021). Binary logistic regression analysis investigated the association between newcomer, language, and racialized minority respondents' perceptions and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines, experiences of discrimination when accessing health services, and sociodemographic characteristics. McNemar-Bowker tests were used to assess changes in responses collected at two time points.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1630 respondents, 30.8% arrived in Canada within the last five years, 87.4% self-identified as a racialized minority, and 37.2% primarily spoke languages other than English or French. Although single dose COVID-19 vaccine uptake was at 92.7% among respondents, 14.8% experienced difficulty accessing vaccines, citing a need for translated resources or multi-lingual personnel. In longitudinal analysis, respondents were increasingly motivated over time to overcome barriers to accessing vaccines (61.4% to 69.6%, p = <.001). Fifty-nine percent (59.9%) of respondents would accept annual vaccination and over half would accept co-administration with routine (56.2%) or influenza (52.3%) vaccines. Experiences of racism/discrimination upon health service access were reported by 12.3% of respondents, who recommended increasing culturally safe practices and community involvement at vaccination sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding how newcomers, racialized peoples, and minority language speakers perceive and access COVID-19 vaccines will support vaccination campaigns to optimize equitable access.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2445777"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of serotonin receptor gene variants on substance use disorders.","authors":"Laith Al-Eitan, Hana Abu Kharmah, Mansour Alghamdi","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2445779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2445779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Substance use disorders are multifaceted conditions influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Serotonergic pathways are known to be involved in substance use disorder susceptibility, with genetic markers within serotonin receptor genes identified as potential risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To further explore this relationship, we conducted a study to investigate the association between several polymorphisms in five serotonin receptor genes (<i>HTR1B</i>, <i>HTR2A/B</i>, <i>HTR3A/B</i>) and substance use disorders (SUD) in Jordanian males by sequencing genotypes in 496 SUD patients and 496 healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed an allelic association between rs9567735 in the <i>HTR2A</i> gene and rs17586428 in the <i>HTR2B</i> gene with SUD. Haplotype analysis also showed that one haplotype of the <i>HTR2A</i> gene and four haplotypes of the five included genes were significantly associated with SUD risk. Moreover, we found that motives for substance use were correlated with single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs rs1923882 and rs1150226, with the latter SNP also being associated with smoking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that genetic variants of human 5-HT receptor genes may affect individual susceptibility to SUD in Jordan. However, further studies with larger sample sizes and additional variants in the same or different genes must confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2445779"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the effect and mechanism of action of Jinlida granules (JLD) in the treatment of diabetes-associated cognitive impairment based on network pharmacology with experimental validation.","authors":"Haiyan Gu, Yuxin Zhang, Jinghua Sun, Lipeng Liu, Zanchao Liu","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2445181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2445181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the effect and the probable mechanisms of JLD in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) - associated cognitive impairment (TDACI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effect of JLD in combating TDACI was assessed in T2DM model mice by conducting Morris water maze (MWM) behaviour testing. Active components and their putative targets, as well as TDACI-related targets, were collected from public databases. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs), Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses and molecular docking were then utilized to explore potential molecular network mechanisms. Finally, the main targets were verified in animal model experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MWM test showed that JLD improved aspects of behaviour in T2DM model mice. JLD improved glucose intolerance, tissue insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism and enhanced synapse-associated protein expression in hippocampus tissue. Network pharmacology revealed 185 active components, 337 targets of JLD, and 7998 TDACI related targets were obtained . PPI network analyses revealed 39 core targets. GO and KEGG analyses suggested that JLD might improve TDACI by regulating gene expression, apoptotic processes and inflammatory responses mainly <i>via</i> PI3K-AKT and AGE-RAGE signaling pathways. Molecular docking revealed strong binding of the main components to core targets. JLD reduced hippocampus tissue expression of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL6), core targets of treatment of TDACI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggested that JLD has the potential to improve TDACI through multiple components, multiple targets and multiple pathways. JLD may be a promising treatment for diabetic cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2445181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undenatured type II collagen for knee osteoarthritis.","authors":"Ashim Gupta, Nicola Maffulli","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2025.2493306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2025.2493306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) leads to significant pain and reduced function and affects patients' overall quality of life (QoL). Conservative modalities are the first line of management, resorting to surgery only if they fail. However, these modalities have limitations, and do not address the underlying cause of knee OA. The use of nutraceuticals, including native/undenatured type II collagen (UC-2), has evolved and shown promise in the conservative management of knee OA. This article highlights the mechanism of action, and qualitatively presents the pre-clinical, clinical and on-going scientific literature exploring the safety and efficacy of UC-2 for the management of knee OA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was performed using multiple databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus) employing terms for UC-2 and Knee OA for articles published in English language, while adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. All pre-clinical and clinical studies utilizing UC-2 for knee OA were included. Studies not using UC-2 alone or not focusing on the management of knee OA were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve studies (3 pre-clinical studies, 8 clinical studies and 1 study with both pre-clinical and clinical component) met our pre-defined search and inclusion criteria, and were included in this review.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>UC-2 acts <i>via</i> a specific immune mediated mechanism, known as oral tolerance, which can lead to reduced inflammation and enhanced cartilage repair in the knee joint. In addition, administration of UC-2 (40 mg daily) is safe and efficacious in the short- and mid-term, reducing inflammation and pain, and improving function, range of motion (ROM) and overall QoL. Nonetheless, more adequately powered, prospective, multi-center, non-randomized and randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up are warranted to establish the long-term efficacy of UC-2 in knee OA patients and justify its routine clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2493306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidomain intervention for delaying aging in community-dwelling older adults (MIDA): study design and protocol.","authors":"Siyang Lin, Fang Wang, Min Huang, Jingyi Chen, Xinye Jiang, Qiaowei Li, Yin Yuan, Feng Huang, Pengli Zhu","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2025.2496409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2025.2496409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The exploration of interventions to delay aging is an emerging topic that promotes healthy aging. The multidomain intervention has the potential to be applied in the field of aging because it concentrates on the functional ability of older adults. There is currently no literature reporting on a multidomain intervention involving cognition, exercise and nutrition for delaying aging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Multidomain Intervention for Delaying Aging in Community-dwelling Older Adults (MIDA) is a Zelen-design randomized controlled trial with a 6-month intervention duration. The multidomain intervention comprises cognitive training, exercise training, and nutritional guidance, delivered through both group sessions and individual family interventions. A total of 248 participants aged 60 to 85 years will be randomized to the intervention group or control group and followed up for 12 months. The primary outcome is the change in epigenetic age acceleration and pace of aging following the multidomain intervention. The secondary outcomes are the changes in frailty score and intrinsic capacity Z-score. Other outcomes include physical functions, body composition, aging biomarkers, inflammatory markers, haematology and biochemistry parameters, and lifestyle factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study will explore the effects of the multidomain intervention on delaying aging in community-dwelling older adults. We aim to introduce a new approach to delaying aging and offer a practical multidomain intervention strategy for healthcare institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2496409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rationale, design of the Assisted reproductive technology cohort nested in a pre-pregnancy family cohort (APP-Cohort).","authors":"Wei Xiong, Qinghan Liang, Xiaojie Han, Qiaolu Cheng, Qihang Liu, Xifang Zuo, Huiyu Wang, Huijing He, Guangliang Shan","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2445183","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2445183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Infertility has become a major global issue due to the trend of delaying marriage and advanced maternal age. Family/Birth cohort studies are essential for exploring ways to enhance health outcomes at both the individual and societal levels. However, there is a shortage of cohorts that include families who have utilized assisted reproductive technology (ART), particularly initiated at the early stages before pregnancy. The Assisted Reproductive Technology Cohort (APP-Cohort) is a prospective study aiming to investigate the epidemiology and risk factors of adverse gestational outcomes and other health issues in couples who have conceived through ART or naturally.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cohort study's baseline survey commenced in January 2022 at several locations in Beijing, and enrollment is currently in progress. Both spouses filled out a questionnaire covering demographic, socio-economic, and various modifiable risk factors to gather information on their lifestyle. Physical examinations and biochemical tests were carried out, alongside regular yearly health check-ups throughout pregnancy and childhood. The survey data will be connected to electronic medical records to compile health information on the couples, newborns, and children.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The APP-Cohort study collected data from both wives and husbands before conception, allowing for early assessment of environmental risk factors for maternal and offspring health. With a focus on various types of risk factors such as genetic, environmental, and shared familial traits, the ongoing follow-up of this study will enable researchers to evaluate and distinguish the impacts of these factors on pregnancy outcomes, perinatal health, and children's health for individuals conceived naturally versus those conceived through ART. By utilizing practical experience and advanced mathematical analysis of the extensive data, the APP-Cohort study will provide valuable insights to promote the administration and success rate of ART in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2445183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of scrub typhus IgM and IgG antibodies among patients from Karnataka, India.","authors":"Kiran Chunduru, Manoj A R, Subhadra Poornima, Nagalakshmi Narasimhaswamy, Indira Bairy, Mridula M, Manjunatha Hande H, Shamee Shastry, Ramakrishna Devaki, George M Varghese, Kavitha Saravu","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2025.2468258","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2025.2468258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The longevity of scrub typhus IgM and IgG are not clear. A region-specific diagnostic cut-off for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a necessity for improved diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine a region-specific optical density (OD) value cut-off for scrub typhus IgM and IgG ELISA and to study the persistence of these antibodies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted among patients diagnosed with scrub typhus admitted to Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, Karnataka, India from August 2019 to April 2023. An equal number of scrub typhus patients and healthy volunteers were enrolled to determine region-specific scrub typhus IgM and IgG ELISA OD value cut-off. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the OD value cut-off with an optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity. The patients were followed up prospectively at varying time points up to 18 months and scrub typhus IgM and IgG ELISA were performed in all the collected samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ROC curve analysis of scrub typhus IgM revealed an optimal OD value cut-off of 1.309 with a sensitivity and specificity of 98.7% (95% CI: 93.1%-100%). The ROC curve analysis of scrub typhus IgG revealed an optimal OD value cut-off of 0.9 with a sensitivity of 71.7% (95% CI: 60.5%-81.4%) and specificity of 93.5% (95% CI: 85.7%-97.9%). At 18 months of follow-up, scrub typhus IgM (OD value > 1.309) and IgG (OD value > 0.9) were above the newly derived diagnostic cut-off in 17 (32%) and 40 (75.4%) patients, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Scrub typhus IgM and IgG antibodies were persistent above the newly derived regional diagnostic cut-off for up to 18 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"2468258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}