Annals of medicine最新文献

{"title":"Regulation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 signalling pathway by <i>Shenghui Yizhi</i> decoction reduces neuroinflammation in mice with Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Peng Wang, Zi-Yi Sun, Gao-Yu Zhang, Yi Jin, Wei-Liang Sun, Bao-Sheng Zhao, Xin Chen, Qiu-Bing Li","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2411011","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2411011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Shenghui Yizhi</i> Decoction (SHYZD) has exhibited the capacity to enhance cognitive function and learning abilities in individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) while ameliorating pre-existing neuroinflammation. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism underlying its therapeutic effects on AD remains to be elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four male SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into three groups, and eight male SAMR1 mice were used as a blank control, to examine their learning and spatial memory abilities. The expression of amyloid β1-42 (Aβ1-42) was detected by immunohistochemical staining of hippocampal tissue. ELISA was used to detect the interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expressions. Real time PCR was used to detect NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3), cysteine protease-1 (Caspase-1), and IL-1β mRNA expression. Western blot was used to detect nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), inhibitor of NF-κB α (IκBα), IκB kinase α (IKKα), NLRP3, Caspase-1, and IL-1β protein expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, SAMP8 mice, employed as an AD model, displayed markedly diminished abilities in terms of spatial localization, navigation, and spatial exploration when compared to the blank control group. Additionally, there was a substantial upregulation of Aβ1-42 expression in the hippocampus of these mice, along with a significant increase in the levels of inflammation-associated factors, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NLRP3, Caspase-1, as well as the NF-κB pathway-related proteins, namely, NF-κB, IκBα, and IKKα. Moreover, after treatment with positive drugs (donepezil hydrochloride) and SHYZD, the learning abilities of the mice exhibited significant improvements. Furthermore, the hallmark AD protein Aβ1-42, inflammatory factors, and NF-κB/NLRP3 signalling pathway proteins were significantly reduced. These findings collectively suggest that SHYZD exerts a therapeutic effect on AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, the specific molecular mechanisms through which SHYZD alleviates AD and the potential role for SHYZD in the NF-κB/NLRP3 signalling pathway are identified in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"2411011"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11486153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histone deacetylases: potential therapeutic targets in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.","authors":"Shuxian Guo, Jin Zhao, Yuzhan Zhang, Yunlong Qin, Jinguo Yuan, Zixian Yu, Yan Xing, Yumeng Zhang, Yueqing Hui, Anjing Wang, Mei Han, Yueru Zhao, Xiaoxuan Ning, Shiren Sun","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2418958","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2418958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Chemotherapy has been well shown to enhance life expectancy in patients with malignancy. However, conventional chemotherapy drugs, particularly cisplatin, are highly associated with nephrotoxicity, which limits therapeutic efficacy and impairs quality of life. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are proteases that play significant roles in diseases by influencing protein post-translational modification and gene expression. Agents that inhibit HDAC enzymes have been developed and approved by the FDA as anticancer drugs. It is worth noting that in certain preclinical studies with tumour cell lines, the integration of HDAC modulators and cisplatin not only exerts synergistic or additive tumour-killing effects but also alleviates cisplatin nephrotoxicity. The aim of this review is to discuss the role of HDACs in cisplatin nephrotoxicity.</p><p><p><b>Methods:</b> After searching in PubMed and Web of Science databases using 'Histone deacetylase', 'nephrotoxicity', 'cisplatin', and 'onconpehrology' as keywords, studies related was compiled and examined.</p><p><p><b>Results:</b> HDAC inhibitors exert renal protective effects by inhibiting inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and promoting autophagy; whereas sirtuins play a renal protective role by regulating lipid metabolism, inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis, and protecting mitochondrial biosynthesis and mitochondrial dynamics. These potential interactions provide clues concerning targets for molecular treatment.</p><p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> This review encapsulates the function and molecular mechanisms of HDACs in cisplatin nephrotoxicity, providing the current view by which HDACs induce different biological signaling in the regulation of chemotherapy-associated renal injury. More importantly, this review exhaustively elucidates that HDACs could be targeted to develop a new therapeutic strategy in treating cisplatin nephrotoxicity, which will extend the knowledge of the biological impact and clinical implications of HDACs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"2418958"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis (TB) treatment challenges in TB-diabetes comorbid patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mahnoor Khattak, Anees Ur Rehman, Tuba Muqaddas, Rabia Hussain, Muhammad Fawad Rasool, Zikria Saleem, Mesfer Safar Almalki, Samar Adel Alturkistani, Shuruq Zuhair Firash, Oseid Mohammed Alzahrani, Ammar Abdulraheem Bahauddin, Safa Almarzooky Abuhussain, Muath Fahmi Najjar, Hossameldeen Mahmoud Ali Elsabaa, Abdul Haseeb","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2313683","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2313683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Directly Observed Treatment-Short Course (DOTS) Programme was implemented by WHO and includes a combination of four anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs (isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and rifampicin) for a period of six months to eradicate the TB infection completely. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is recognized as one of a strong contributor of TB according to World Health Organization (WHO). The presence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM type 2) makes TB treatment complicated. Thus, the objective of the current meta-analysis was to identify and quantify the impact of type 2 DM on treatment outcomes of TB patients treated under the DOTS Programme.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This meta-analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Through a systematic review of relevant literature, we focused on studies investigating treatment outcomes including extended treatment duration and recurrence for individuals with both TB and DM undergoing DOTS therapy. The extracted information included study designs, sample sizes, patient characteristics and reported treatment results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 44 studies from different parts of the world, the pooled HR for the impact of DM on extended treatment duration and reoccurrence were HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.83, <i>p</i> < .01 and HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.70-1.04, <i>p</i> = .08, respectively. The pooled HR for impact of DM on composite TB treatment outcomes was calculated as 0.76 (95% CI 0.60-0.87), <i>p</i> < .01 with an effect size of 41.18. The heterogeneity observed among the included studies was moderate (<i>I</i>² = 55.79%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A negative impact of DM was found on recurrence and extended treatment duration in TB patients treated with DOTS therapy. DM type 2 is responsible for the TB treatment prolongation and TB recurrence rates. By implementing effective management strategies and advancing research, the challenges can be mitigated, arising due to the complex interaction between DM and TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"2313683"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10863515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139725361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the implication of steroid 5 alpha-reductase 3 on prognosis and immune microenvironment in Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Yuming Lu, Ziwei Liu, Yu Zheng, Xuesong Liu, XiaoQin Liu, Nanguan Chen, Kai Mao, Weida Lin","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2408463","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2408463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study combined the bioinformatics and <i>in vitro</i> experiment-related technologies to analyze the impact of steroid 5 alpha-reductase 3 (SRD5A3) on the prognosis and immune microenvironment of Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Gene expression and clinical data were obtained from public databases. The prognosis was evaluated using survival, multifactor Cox, enrichment, and mutation analyses. This was then verified through <i>in vitro</i> experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression level of <i>SRD5A3</i> in LIHC tissues was significantly higher than that in the adjacent tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high <i>SRD5A3</i> expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and short progression-free survival in patients with LIHC. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that positive <i>SRD5A3</i> expression was an independent risk factor for OS in patients with LIHC. Expression of <i>SRD5A3</i> was negatively correlated with immune cell infiltration of CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and B cells. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that <i>SRD5A3</i> was significantly enriched in signaling- and tumor metastasis-related pathways. Nomogram and calibration curve showed that the predicted performance of the model was consistent with the actual results. <i>In vitro</i> results confirmed that <i>SRD5A3</i> knockdown inhibited the migration, invasion, and proliferation of LIHC cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>SRD5A3</i> is actively expressed in LIHC, and positive expression of <i>SRD5A3</i> is an independent risk factor for different prognoses in patients with LIHC. <i>SRD5A3</i> can promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells and is related to short immune infiltration in patients with LIHC.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"2408463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11441025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human adipose-derived stem cells promote migration of papillary thyroid cancer cell via leptin pathway.","authors":"Bo-Tao Zhang, Ying Li, Qi-Lan Jiang, Rui Jiang, Yang Zeng, Jun Jiang","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2419990","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2419990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obesity is associated with the incidence and poor prognosis of thyroid cancer, but the mechanism is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on the invasion and migration of thyroid cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ADSCs-conditioned medium (ADSC-CM) was collected to culture thyroid cancer cell lines TPC-1 cells and BCPAP cells. The effects of ADSCs on thyroid cancer cell proliferation were determined by CCK8 and EdU assays, and the effects on migration were determined by Transwell and wound closure assays. Leptin neutralizing antibodies (NAB) were added to ADSC-CM to block leptin. In animal experiments, TPC-1 cells and BCPAP cells were injected into the tail vein of nude mice, and the leptin receptor antagonist peptide allo-aca was injected subcutaneously to block the leptin pathway. The number and size of metastatic lung tumours were observed after 8 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ADSC-CM significantly promoted the invasion and migration of thyroid cancer cells and upregulated their matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) levels, while NAB with the addition of leptin reduced the invasion and migration of thyroid cancer cells and downregulated MMP-2 levels. Allo-aca treatment reduced the number of metastatic lung nodules formed by thyroid cancer cells in nude mice and reduced the diameter of metastatic lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ADSCs upregulate MMP-2 levels of thyroid cancer cells through exocrine leptin, thereby promoting cancer cell migration, which may be one of the key mechanisms by which obesity increases the invasiveness of thyroid cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"2419990"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological predictors of incident subjective cognitive complaints in community dwelling older adults.","authors":"Amber Khan, Emmeline I Ayers, Joe Verghese, Mirnova E Ceïde","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2421443","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2421443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Subjective cognitive complaint (SCC) is associated with future cognitive decline and may be a marker for clinical intervention in the progression to dementia. Among the viable predictors of SCC, psychological factors are clinically relevant, non-invasive early indicators of older adults at elevated risk.    This aim of this study is to determine whether psychological symptoms: dysphoria and apathy precede incident SCC in the dementia pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (<i>n</i> = 592) enrolled in the Central Control of Mobility in Aging Study were includes in the analyses, with prevalent cases excluded. Apathy and dysphoria scale scores were derived using confirmatory factor analysis of the Geriatric Depressive Scale. Cox regression analyses was used to determine the association between apathy and dysphoria scores and incident SCC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a mean follow up of 1.90 years, 44 individuals (9.26%) developed incident SCC. Baseline apathy scale score was significantly associated with 4-fold increased risk of SCC (HR 4.39, 95%CI: 1.32-14.67), adjusted for cognition but not age and dysphoria scale score. Baseline dysphoria scale score was not associated with increased risk of SCC in adjusted analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this longitudinal analysis of community dwelling older adults, apathy was associated with an increased risk of SCC, when adjusting for cognition but not dysphoria. Finally, this study highlights apathy as an early risk factor, which may precede SCC in the progression to dementia and consequently, may identify a high risk group for clinical screening and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"2421443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of transcatheter aortic valve replacement on changes of coronary computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve.","authors":"Feng Hu, Qianyao Lai, Jun Fang, Xi He, Chaoyang Lin, Mingming Hu, Lin Fan, Lianglong Chen","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2420860","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2420860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) on changes of computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) values was controversial. Thus, we aimed to identify the impact of TAVR on changes of CT-FFR values, plaque characteristics, and the associated clinical impact.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center observational study included 39 consecutive patients with severe aortic valve disease undergone TAVR between August 2019 and April 2023, whom were performed with preoperative and postoperative coronary CT angiography (CCTA). The computation of CT-FFR and plaque characteristics was performed by an independent central core laboratory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each patient underwent CCTA and CT-FFR assessment without encountering any complications. Notably, both at discharge and six months post-TAVR, there was a significant improvement observed in the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification, left ventricular fractional shortening, and ejection fraction compared to pre-operative levels. The CT-FFR for left anterior descending artery (LAD), left anterior descending artery (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA) had no obvious change at discharge compared to pre-operation (0.92 ± 0.05 <i>vs.</i> 0.93 ± 0.05, <i>p</i> = 0.109; 0.96 ± 0.03 <i>vs.</i> 0.95 ± 0.03, <i>p</i> = 0.523; 0.97 ± 0.04 <i>vs.</i> 0.97 ± 0.03, <i>p</i> = 0.533; respectively). Furthermore, TAVR did not exert a significant impact on plaque burden during the perioperative period.</p><p><p>Our report suggested that TAVR did not significantly affect coronary CT-FFR measurements and plaque characteristics in the perioperative period, and furthermore, the patients' cardiac function showed gradual improvement in the short-term following discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"2420860"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a novel nomogram for predicting prognosis of North Chinese with autoimmune cerebellar ataxia.","authors":"Chunxia Zhao, Cao Jiang, Decai Tian, Yajun Yao, Tian Song, Huabing Wang, Wangshu Xu","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2407057","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2407057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to develop a prognostic nomogram which could predict the prognosis of north Chinese patients with autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (ACA) after immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with an initial diagnosis of ACA who accepted first-line immunotherapy at our hospital from March 2018 to May 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate neurological outcomes. According to the mRS scores after immunotherapy, patients with ACA were divided into good prognosis group (mRS 0-2) and poor prognosis group (mRS 3-6). The nomogram for poor prognosis of ACA patients were built based on logistic regression analysis. The validation of the prognostic model was evaluated by concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, and decision curve analyses (DCAs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 86 patients with ACA who received immunotherapy at our hospital were included in this study. They were randomly divided into a training cohort (<i>n</i> = 60) and a validation cohort (<i>n</i> = 26) at a ratio of 7:3. Multivariate analyses revealed that that prognostic variables significantly related to the poor prognosis of ACA were age, elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) albumin (ALB) and abnormal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The nomogram was constructed based on above 3 factors. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.935 (95% CI: 0.884-0.991) in the training set and 0.933 (95% CI: 0.763-0.994) in the validation set. The calibration plots for the nomogram showed that predictions of risk of poor prognosis were almost consistent with actual observations. The DCAs showed great clinical usefulness of the nomograms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We successfully developed a nomogram to predict poor prognosis for ACA patients using risk factors of age, elevated CSF-ALB and abnormal MRI.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"2407057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11441064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum fibrinogen/albumin ratio and early neurological deterioration in patients with recent small subcortical infarction.","authors":"Haixu Zhao, Ying Yao, Ce Zong, Hongbing Liu, Ke Zhang, Yuan Song, Beizhu Ye, Jing Yang, Yusheng Li, Bo Song, Yuming Xu, Yuan Gao","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2396072","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2396072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serum fibrinogen/albumin ratio (FAR) is a new inflammatory marker related to a variety of diseases, and it has been shown to be associated with stroke. This study is to investigate the relationship between serum FAR and early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with recent small subcortical infarction (RSSI).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Consecutive RSSI patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2015 to June 2022 were enrolled. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was utilized to evaluate the severity of the patients at admission and within seven days post-admission. END was defined as an increase of ≥2 points in NIHSS score from admission or ≥1 point in the motor item of the score within seven days post-admission. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors for END. The correlation between FAR and END was investigated using restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. Subgroup analysis was used to assess stability across different populations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 766 RSSI patients were included in the analysis, with 538 males (70.24%). END occurred in 115 (15.01%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that FAR (OR = 1.016, 95%CI: 1.005-1.028), PAD (OR = 1.805, 95%CI: 1.161-2.807) and age (OR = 1.028, 95%CI: 1.009-1.048) were associated with END in RSSI patients. RCS analysis indicated a linear correlation between FAR and END (<i>p</i> for nonlinear = .128). Subgroup analysis indicated association between FAR and END in male (OR = 1.02, 95%CI: 1.00-1.03), patients aged ≤65 years (OR = 1.02, 95%CI: 1.00-1.03) and patients without smoking history (OR = 1.02, 95%CI: 1.00-1.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated FAR levels were associated with the occurrence of END within seven days after admission in RSSI patients, especially in men, age ≤65 years, or patients without smoking history.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"2396072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive evaluation of risk factors for mortality, infection and colonization associated with CRGNB in adult solid organ transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Siyu Gao, Xiaoli Huang, Xiaolin Zhou, Xiangcheng Dai, Jing Han, Yandong Chen, Hongliang Qiao, Yi Li, Yifan Zhou, Ting Wang, Huiqing He, Qiang Liu, Shenjie Tang","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2314236","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2314236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The burden of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria (CRGNB) among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients has not been systematically explored. Here, we discern the risk factors associated with CRGNB infection and colonization in SOT recipients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included observational studies conducted among CRGNB-infected SOT patients, which reported risk factors associated with mortality, infection or colonization. Relevant records will be searched in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for the period from the time of database construction to 1 March 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 23 studies with 13,511 participants were included, enabling the assessment of 27 potential risk factors. The pooled prevalence of 1-year mortality among SOT recipients with CRGNB was 44.5%. Prolonged mechanical ventilation, combined transplantation, reoperation and pre-transplantation CRGNB colonization are salient contributors to the occurrence of CRGNB infections in SOT recipients. Renal replacement therapy, post-LT CRGNB colonization, pre-LT liver disease and model for end-stage liver disease score increased the risk of infection. Re-transplantation, carbapenem use before transplantation and ureteral stent utilization increaesd risk of CRGNB colonization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated that SOT recipients with CRGNB infections had a higher mortality risk. Invasive procedure may be the main factor contribute to CRGNB infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"2314236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140041158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}