American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias最新文献

{"title":"Measurement of Five Emotions Defined by Traditional Chinese Medicine With a Focus on Preventing Mild Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Xiaoyu Wu, Jiaojiao Zou, Ziqiu He, Youou Huang, Bin Zhou, Yuemin Zhou, Joe Kodama, Yuquan Lu","doi":"10.1177/15333175231206022","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175231206022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to develop a novel Measurement of the Five Emotions (MFE) based on traditional Chinese medicine for assessing cognitive impairment in elderly individuals. <b>Methods:</b> Surveys were collected from 184 participants, over 65 years of age, who were residents of Kyoto City, Japan. The surveys included the Measurement of the Five Emotions (MFE) and the Dementia Assessment Sheet for the Community-based Integrated Care System (DASC-21). Item-total reliability and internal consistency reliability were assessed using Spearman's correlation test and Cronbach's alpha coefficient analysis. Factor analysis was conducted to identify the main factors related to the theoretically constructed emotional reaction patterns. Criterion-related validity was examined by investigating the correlation between the scores of the 2 surveys (MFE and DASC-21). <b>Results:</b> The factor analysis revealed that the final version of MFE consisted of 5 factors, which accounted for a cumulative contribution rate of 57.71%. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient reached .71, indicating satisfactory internal consistency. There was a negative correlation between the MFE and DASC-21 scores with a correlation coefficient of -.3149. Furthermore, when comparing participants with lower cognitive function (DASC-21 score >26) to those with higher cognitive function, MFE subscale scores in the emotions of \"Sorrow\" and \"Thought\" were significantly lower, suggesting that these particular emotions are related to cognitive impairment. These findings confirmed the reliability and the construct validity of the MFE. <b>Conclusion:</b> The criterion reliability and validity tests provided evidence for the construct validity of the MFE. The negative correlation (coefficient = -.3149) between MFE scores and DASC-21 scores suggested that MFE can serve as a scale for detecting cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"38 ","pages":"15333175231206022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10742817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41223378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention and Prevention of Dementia in the Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China.","authors":"Brendan Weekes, Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart","doi":"10.1177/15333175231211097","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175231211097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reserve and resilience are recognized as essential for effective intervention and prevention of dementia. However, it is not known if these factors also protect against risk for dementia in the Greater Bay Area (GBA) of Mainland China. Studies of risk factors across regions of China provide an evidence base for future research in the GBA. However, population-based studies are rare and do not account for the cultural differences in levels of education, income, literacy and modifiable lifestyle factors. Critically, extant studies do not allow for differences in languages spoken across the region, which will bias results and potentially minimize true prevalence. Based on the conclusions reported in this Special Collection, research in the GBA should focus on resilience and reserve using preserved native language communication skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"38 ","pages":"15333175231211097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72016431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Neuropathological Impacts of COVID-19: Challenges and Alternative Treatment Options for Alzheimer's Like Brain Changes on Severely SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients.","authors":"Md Rashidur Rahman, Raushanara Akter, Sharmind Neelotpol, Iffat Islam Mayesha, Afrina Afrose","doi":"10.1177/15333175231214974","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175231214974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, some researchers claimed neuropathological changes lead to Alzheimer's-like brains after severe infection of SARS-CoV-2. Several mechanisms have been postulated on how SARS-CoV-2 neurological damage leads to Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. Neurobiochemical changes during infection may significantly induce Alzheimer's disease in severely COVID-19 infected people. The immune system is also compromised while infected by this novel coronavirus. However, recent studies are insufficient to conclude the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19. This review demonstrates the possible pathways of neuropathological changes induced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus in AD patients or leading to AD in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, this study delineates the challenges for COVID-19 infected AD patients and the mechanism of actions of natural compounds and alternative treatments to overcome those. Furthermore, animal studies and a large cohort of COVID-19 survivors who showed neuroinflammation and neurological changes may augment the research to discover the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"38 ","pages":"15333175231214974"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10655662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Protein-Based Profiles for the Diagnostic Model of Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Li Yang, Liang He, Zhibin Bu, Cheng Xuan, Caiyan Yu, Jiong Wu","doi":"10.1177/15333175231220166","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175231220166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Determining a non-invasive, serum-based diagnostic panel for early diagnosis of AD will play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed standardized clinical assessments and neuroimaging measurements in 45 patients with AD and an equal number of sex - and age-matched controls. 48 target peptides of 14 identified target proteins were quantitatively analyzed by PRM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>8 protein markers were screened, including SAA4, PPBP, PF4, APOA4, F10, CPB2, C1S and IGHM. An diagnosis panel including 8 proteins and demographic characteristics markers respectively was found to be the robust with a AUC of 92.3%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study developed a new panel including protein and demographic characteristics that could be used to distinguish AD from control candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"38 ","pages":"15333175231220166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10693785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138471352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 12-Year Comparison of Alzheimer's Dementia Patients With Their Informants in Taiwan.","authors":"Kai-Ming Jhang, Wen-Fu Wang, Kuang-Nan Hsu, Shang-Chien Huang, Sheng-Hsiang Yang, Ling-Chun Huang, Yuan-Han Yang","doi":"10.1177/15333175231218089","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175231218089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To update the characteristics of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and their informants in Taiwan and compare them from 12 years ago.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>1218 patients with AD and their informants were recruited from six hospitals in Taiwan. The uniform data set version 3.0 (UDS3, form A1-A3) were administered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the first registration from 2010-2012 (n = 691), the mean clinical dementia rating sum of boxes score was significantly lower, more patients living independently, and more informants not living together with the patients. A total of 11.2%, 4.1%, 12.8%, and 0.5% of the patients had a reported history of cognitive impairment in their mothers, fathers, siblings, and children, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with the data from 2010, patients have been diagnosed at a milder disease stage, and their informants used telephone contact more frequently instead of living with the patients. Family histories of cognitive impairment in patients with AD remain frequent.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"38 ","pages":"15333175231218089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10685789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138453286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Music Engagement as a Source of Cognitive Reserve.","authors":"Lee Wolff, Yixue Quan, Gemma Perry, William Forde Thompson","doi":"10.1177/15333175231214833","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175231214833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Music engagement is a ubiquitous activity that is thought to have cognitive benefits for the rapidly aging population. In the absence of robust treatment approaches for many age-related and neuropathological health issues, interest has emerged surrounding lifestyle-enriching activities, like exercise and music engagement, to build cognitive reserve across the lifespan and preserve neurocognitive function in older adults. The present review evaluates evidence of neurocognitive preservation arising from lifelong music engagement with respect to the cognitive reserve hypothesis. We collated a body of neuroimaging, behavioral and epidemiological evidence to adjudicate the benefits of music engagement for cognitive reserve. The findings suggest that music engagement should be considered in tandem with other well-established cognitive reserve proxies as a contributor to differential clinical outcomes in older populations at risk of age-related and neuropathological cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"38 ","pages":"15333175231214833"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10666690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138296690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Delirium Superimposed on Dementia in Elderly Patients in Comprehensive Ward.","authors":"Qifan Xiao, Suqiao Zhang, Chenlu Li, Yuqing Zhu","doi":"10.1177/15333175231206023","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175231206023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the incidence of delirium and its related risk factors in patients with senile dementia during hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 157 patients over 65 with cognitive impairment who were hospitalized in the comprehensive ward from October 2019 to February 2023 was conducted. Patients were assigned into delirium and non-delirium groups according to whether they exhibited delirium during hospitalization. General information about the patients and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, blood C-reactive protein level, and blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) level were recorded. Univariate analysis was used to identify potential risk factors for delirium, and factors with statistical significance were subjected to multivariate logistic regression analysis. A prediction line chart for delirium in elderly dementia patients was constructed using R 4.03 software, and the model was validated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 157 patients with senile dementia, 42 patients exhibited delirium and 115 patients exhibited non-delirium. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, VAS score ≥4 points, use of sedative drugs, and blood SOD <129 U/mL were independent risk factors for delirium during hospitalization in elderly dementia patients. A prediction nomogram was plotted based on the five risk factors, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis presented an area under the curve of .875 (95% CI: .816-.934). The nomogram model was internally validated by the Bootstrap method, and the calibration curve showed good agreement between predicted and actual results. Hosmer-Lemeshow test demonstrated that the model had a good fit and high predictive ability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, VAS ≥4 points, use of sedative drugs, and blood SOD <129 U/mL were independent risk factors for delirium in patients with senile dementia during hospitalization. The nomogram model had good accuracy and clinical application value for predicting delirium in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"38 ","pages":"15333175231206023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10624083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41184478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Aging of the Nervous System and Related Neurodegenerative Diseases With Chinese Herbal Medicine.","authors":"Xiaohui Du, Nanbin Lou, Sinan Hu, Ruopeng Xiao, Chu Chu, Qiankai Huang, Lin Lu, Shanshan Li, Jing Yang","doi":"10.1177/15333175231205445","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175231205445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human beings have always pursued a prolonged lifespan, while the aging of the nervous system is associated with a large variety of diseases. Pathological aging of the nervous system results in a series of neurodegenerative diseases and can cause disability and death in the elderly. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the prevention and treatment of nervous system aging. Chinese herbal medicines have a long history, featuring rich and safe ingredients, and have great potential for the development of anti-aging treatment. We searched the publications on PubMed with key words \"anti-aging of the nervous system\" and \"Chinese herbal medicine\" in recent 10 years, and found sixteen Chinese herbal medicines. Then by comparing their popularity of use as well as active components based on the research articles, five common Chinese herbal medicines namely <i>Ginseng Radix</i>, <i>Lycii Fructus</i>, <i>Astragali Radix</i>, <i>Coptidis Rhizoma</i> and <i>Ginkgo Folium</i>, were confirmed to be the most related to anti-nervous system aging and neural degenerative diseases. At the same time, the active ingredients, research models, action mechanisms and curative effects of these five common Chinese herbal medicines were reviewed. From the five common Chinese herbal medicines reviewed in this paper, many encouraging effects of Chinese herbal medicines on treating nervous system aging and related diseases were revealed and more potent herbs would be explored with the help of the proposed possible mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"38 ","pages":"15333175231205445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10624054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41223377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerobic Treadmill Exercise Upregulates Epidermal Growth Factor Levels and Improves Learning and Memory in d-galactose-Induced Aging in a Mouse Model.","authors":"Cheng Guo, Xiaoyang Kong, Yongzhao Fan, Rihui Zhang","doi":"10.1177/15333175231211082","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175231211082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have demonstrated that exercise improves cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease mice but the exact mechanism needs further studies. This research aimed to study the effects of aerobic treadmill exercise on epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels and learning and memory in d-galactose-induced aging in a mouse model. Forty male Kunming mice were analyzed in this study and randomly divided into 4 groups: control (C group), aerobic exercise (AE group), d-galactose (D-gal group), and d-galactose + aerobic exercise (D-gal + AE group). The C and AE groups received a daily mid-scapular subcutaneous injection of .9% saline for 40 days. Mice in the D-gal and D-gal + AE groups were subcutaneously injected with d-galactose (1.25 mg/kg) once daily for 40 days. The mice in the AE group and D-gal + AE group completed 40 days of aerobic treadmill exercise. Learning and memory were evaluated by step-down tests. Specifically, 24 h after the behavioral test, blood was collected and brain tissue was extracted, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and acetylcholinesterase activities were detected. The neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus were counted by Nissl staining. The number of EGF-positive cells was observed by immunohistochemical methods. In the learning test, the reaction time in the D-gal group increased significantly (<i>P</i> < .05), while the error numbers in the D-gal group tended to decrease compared with AE, D-gal + AE, and C groups. In the memory test, the latency of mice in the D-gal group was lower, while the error in this group was higher than in the other groups (<i>P</i> < .05). The activities of SOD and acetylcholinesterase were lower in the D-gal group than in the other groups (<i>P</i> < .05). The number of EGF-positive cells and neurons in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions in the D-gal + AE group was higher compared to those in the D-gal group (<i>P</i> < .05), and lower in groups with mice that were not injected with d-galactose. Aerobic treadmill exercise inhibited SOD activity, increased EGF-positive cells, and decreased neuronal death and apoptosis, thereby improving learning and memory in the mouse model of d-galactose-induced aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"38 ","pages":"15333175231211082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10657526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Protective Effect of IDO1 Inhibition in Aβ-Treated Neurons and APP/PS1 Mice.","authors":"Zhenzhen Duan, Lei Shi, Zhen Ning Tony He, Chunxiang Kuang, Tianxiong Han, Qing Yang","doi":"10.1177/15333175231214861","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175231214861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an inflammatory associated disease, in which dysregulated kynurenine pathway (KP) plays a key role. Through KP, L-tryptophan is catabolized into neurotoxic and neuroprotective metabolites. The overactivation of indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase1 (IDO1), the first rate-limiting enzyme of KP, and the abnormal accumulation of KP metabolites have been noted in AD, and blocking IDO1 has been suggested as a therapeutic strategy. However, the expression patterns of KP enzymes in AD, and whether these enzymes are related to AD pathogenesis, have not been fully studied. Herein, we examined the expression patterns of inflammatory cytokines, neurotrophic factors and KP enzymes, and the activity of IDO1 and IDO1 effector pathway AhR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) in AD mice. We studied the effects of IDO1 inhibitors on Aβ-related neuroinflammation in rat primary neurons, mouse hippocampal neuronal cells, and APP/PS1 mice. The results further demonstrated the importance of IDO1-catalyzed KP in neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"38 ","pages":"15333175231214861"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10637170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72016432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}