Kyoko Sugiyama, Fumiya Sato, Yuto Kunitastu, Kota Honda, Yusuke Hirabayashi, Yasufumi Takahashi, Katsuhiko Sato
{"title":"Facile and Rapid Fabrication of a Glutamate Sensor via Electropolymerization of o-Aminophenol","authors":"Kyoko Sugiyama, Fumiya Sato, Yuto Kunitastu, Kota Honda, Yusuke Hirabayashi, Yasufumi Takahashi, Katsuhiko Sato","doi":"10.1002/elsa.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elsa.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microfluidic analysis enables precise fluid manipulation and high-time-resolution measurements in microscale environments, and has attracted considerable attention as an analytical platform suitable for detecting spatiotemporally fluctuating biomolecules such as neurotransmitters. Glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and its real-time quantification is essential for understanding neural function and pathological mechanisms. In this study, aiming for application to microfluidic analysis, glutamate oxidase was immobilised within an electropolymerized poly(o-aminophenol) film, allowing facile and highly reproducible fabrication of enzyme-modified electrodes. When the response characteristics were evaluated using platinum electrodes of 3 mm and 25 µm in diameter, the microelectrode exhibited a high current density derived from radial diffusion and yielded a steady-state response. The limit of detection and limit of quantification obtained using the 3 mm electrode were 3.22 and 10.7 µM, respectively. Furthermore, the fabricated electrode showed no measurable response toward coexisting substances such as glutamine, aspartic acid, GABA, and glucose, indicating high substrate specificity, and the maximum response was obtained at pH 7.4. These results demonstrate that enzyme immobilisation via electropolymerization is a practical method suitable for integration with microelectrodes and microfluidic devices, and is expected to contribute to in situ glutamate monitoring as well as future applications in clinical diagnostic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":93746,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemical science advances","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elsa.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrosynthesized Fe-based, Cu-based and Fe-Cu Metal-Organic Framework Systems for Supercapacitor Applications","authors":"T. Campeol Marinho, P. Herrasti, A. Gómez-Avilés","doi":"10.1002/elsa.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elsa.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel electrochemical method was successfully developed for the synthesis of monometallic MIL-100(Fe), HKUST-1 and Fe-Cu metal-organic framework (MOF) systems under mild conditions and short reaction times. X-ray diffraction confirmed the successful formation of the parent frameworks, showing strong agreement with simulated patterns from the literature. Structural analysis of the Fe-Cu MOF systems revealed the coexistence of Fe-based and Cu-based MOF phases, forming physical phase mixtures. Textural characterisation by N<sub>2</sub> adsorption-desorption measurements revealed high surface areas of 1,044 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup> for MIL-100(Fe), 781 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup> for HKUST-1 and up to 800 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup> for selected Fe-Cu MOF systems. The electrochemical performance of MIL-100(Fe), HKUST-1 and Fe-Cu(3.75/15) system was evaluated using galvanostatic charge-discharge and cyclic voltammetry in a three-electrode configuration with conductive catalytic inks. All materials displayed hybrid supercapacitor behaviour, combining electric double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitive contributions. The Fe-Cu MOF system (Fe-Cu(3.75/15)) demonstrated enhanced electrochemical performance, achieving a specific capacitance of 1,073 F·g<sup>−1</sup>, an energy density of 205 Wh·kg<sup>−1</sup> at 1 A·g<sup>−1</sup>, and a power density of 3,632 W·kg<sup>−1</sup> at 5 A·g<sup>−1</sup>. The improved performance is attributed to the coexistence of Fe- and Cu-based MOF phases, which promote complementary redox activity and charge storage mechanisms. These results highlight the potential of electrochemically synthesised MOF phase mixtures as promising materials for high-performance supercapacitor applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93746,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemical science advances","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elsa.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrosynthesized Fe-based, Cu-based and Fe-Cu Metal-Organic Framework Systems for Supercapacitor Applications","authors":"T. Campeol Marinho, P. Herrasti, A. Gómez-Avilés","doi":"10.1002/elsa.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elsa.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel electrochemical method was successfully developed for the synthesis of monometallic MIL-100(Fe), HKUST-1 and Fe-Cu metal-organic framework (MOF) systems under mild conditions and short reaction times. X-ray diffraction confirmed the successful formation of the parent frameworks, showing strong agreement with simulated patterns from the literature. Structural analysis of the Fe-Cu MOF systems revealed the coexistence of Fe-based and Cu-based MOF phases, forming physical phase mixtures. Textural characterisation by N<sub>2</sub> adsorption-desorption measurements revealed high surface areas of 1,044 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup> for MIL-100(Fe), 781 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup> for HKUST-1 and up to 800 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup> for selected Fe-Cu MOF systems. The electrochemical performance of MIL-100(Fe), HKUST-1 and Fe-Cu(3.75/15) system was evaluated using galvanostatic charge-discharge and cyclic voltammetry in a three-electrode configuration with conductive catalytic inks. All materials displayed hybrid supercapacitor behaviour, combining electric double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitive contributions. The Fe-Cu MOF system (Fe-Cu(3.75/15)) demonstrated enhanced electrochemical performance, achieving a specific capacitance of 1,073 F·g<sup>−1</sup>, an energy density of 205 Wh·kg<sup>−1</sup> at 1 A·g<sup>−1</sup>, and a power density of 3,632 W·kg<sup>−1</sup> at 5 A·g<sup>−1</sup>. The improved performance is attributed to the coexistence of Fe- and Cu-based MOF phases, which promote complementary redox activity and charge storage mechanisms. These results highlight the potential of electrochemically synthesised MOF phase mixtures as promising materials for high-performance supercapacitor applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93746,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemical science advances","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elsa.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stereolithographic Hydrogel Microfluidic Platform for Monitoring Cellular Respiration via Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy","authors":"Taiyo Kanno, Yoshinobu Utagawa, Yusuke Kanno, Fei Li, Hiroya Abe, Hitoshi Shiku, Kosuke Ino","doi":"10.1002/elsa.70020","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elsa.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogel microfluidic devices have garnered significant interest as cell culture platforms owing to the efficient diffusion of nutrients through the hydrogel. Stereolithography, a versatile fabrication technique, has been widely adopted for the rapid prototyping of various microfluidic devices. Although evaluating cellular activity within microchannels during in vitro assays is essential, integrating electrochemical sensors into hydrogel devices remains challenging as these materials often cannot withstand conventional electrode fabrication processes. To address this limitation, scanning electrochemical microscopy was employed to assess cellular activity within hydrogel microfluidic devices, thereby eliminating the requirement for internal electrode fabrication. Initially, a novel hydrogel microfluidic design was developed, featuring accessible regions and thin hydrogel films. As a proof of concept, the respiratory activity of MCF-7 cells within a hydrogel microchannel was measured. This strategy is expected to facilitate future cell-based drug-screening applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93746,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemical science advances","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elsa.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147562809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}