{"title":"Effects of polyamide microplastics with different particle sizes on the development of silkworm <i>Bombyx mori</i> (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) and its progeny: A study based on the age-stage, two-sex life table.","authors":"Zengqing Huang, FeiFei Wang, Jiacheng Zheng, Zhonghe Sun, Xiaoyong Liu, Shangshang Ma, Keping Chen, Xiaoli Ju, Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1017/S0007485325000203","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007485325000203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenced by human activities, microplastics (MPs) are widely distributed in terrestrial ecosystems. However, their ecotoxicity remains unclear. Therefore, we assessed the ecotoxicity of polyamide microplastics (PA-MPs) by investigating their toxic effects on the model insect, the silkworms <i>Bombyx mori</i> (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). In this study, fifth-instar silkworm larvae were fed mulberry leaves treated with PA-MPs for 120 hours, but no changes in mortality rates were observed. However, the body weight, pupal weight, cocoon weight, egg laying amount, and cocoon shell weight in F<sub>0</sub> generation silkworms were significantly reduced. This indicates that PA-MPs have sublethal effects on silkworms. To further investigate the effects of PA-MPs on the offspring of silkworms, we applied the age-stage, two-sex life table analysis. We found that in the PA-MPs treatment group, the duration of the larval and pupal stages of F<sub>1</sub> generation silkworms was significantly prolonged, while the lifespan of the adults and total longevity were shortened. Meanwhile, the life history parameters (<i>s<sub>xj</sub>, e<sub>xj</sub>, l<sub>x</sub>, f<sub>xj</sub>, l<sub>x</sub>m<sub>x</sub></i>, and <i>v<sub>xj</sub></i> values) and population parameters (<i>R</i><sub>0</sub><i>, λ, r</i>, and <i>T</i>) of F<sub>1</sub> generation silkworms in the PA-MPs treatment group were also lower than control. This indicates that PA-MPs have transgenerational effects, affecting the growth, development, and reproduction of F<sub>1</sub> generation silkworms. Our research findings demonstrate the sublethal and transgenerational effects of PA-MPs on silkworms, providing evidence for their ecotoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9370,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Entomological Research","volume":" ","pages":"375-385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of the predatory mite <i>Neoseiulus cucumeris</i> on two-spotted spider mite and western flower thrips: A quantitative assessment - Erratum.","authors":"Sajjad Dalir, Hamidreza Hajiqanbar, Yaghoub Fathipour, Mostafa Khanamani","doi":"10.1017/S0007485325000239","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007485325000239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9370,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Entomological Research","volume":" ","pages":"404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jin-Shan Zhang, Jian-Yu Meng, Lei Yang, Chang-Yu Zhang
{"title":"Identification and expression analysis of cathepsin B genes in <i>Myzus persicae</i> (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and their response to environmental stresses.","authors":"Jin-Shan Zhang, Jian-Yu Meng, Lei Yang, Chang-Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1017/S0007485325000136","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007485325000136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cathepsin B (CTSB) is a cysteine protease that is widely found in eukaryotes and plays a role in insect growth, development, digestion, metamorphosis, and immunity. In the present study, we examined the role of CTSB in response to environmental stresses in <i>Myzus persicae</i> Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Six <i>MpCTSB</i> genes, namely <i>MpCTSB-N, MpCTSB-16D1, MpCTSB-3098, MpCTSB-10270, MpCTSB-mp2</i>, and <i>MpCTSB-16</i>, were identified and cloned from <i>M. persicae</i>. The putative proteins encoded by these genes contained three conserved active site residues, i.e. Cys, His, and Asn. A phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the six MpCTSB proteins of <i>M. persicae</i> were highly homologous to other Hemipteran insects. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that the <i>MpCTSB</i> genes were expressed at different stages of <i>M. persicae</i> and highly expressed in winged adults or first-instar nymphs. The expression of nearly all <i>MpCTSB</i> genes was significantly upregulated under different environmental stresses (38°C, 4°C, and ultraviolet-B). This study shows that MpCTSB plays an important role in the growth and development of <i>M. persicae</i> and its resistance to environmental stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":9370,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Entomological Research","volume":" ","pages":"329-339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paula San Pedro, Romina Fachinetti, Efrain Ferreyra, Mariano Pablo Grilli
{"title":"Development and survival of <i>Plutella Xylostella</i> in central Argentina: Estimating key parameters for local populations.","authors":"Paula San Pedro, Romina Fachinetti, Efrain Ferreyra, Mariano Pablo Grilli","doi":"10.1017/S0007485325000161","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007485325000161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diamondback moth, <i>Plutella xylostella</i> (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), a globally distributed insect, is a major pest of crucifer crops due to its adaptability to diverse climates. In Argentina, its distribution spans three regions: a core area in the northeast and central-east where it persists year-round, a southwestern region with seasonal migrations, and an intermediate zone with variable year-round persistence. Across these areas, it is the primary pest of Brassica crops. In the central-east, the availability of year-round Brassicaceae crops and wild species indicates that seasonality is not linked to food scarcity. While studies have examined this relationship elsewhere, thermal thresholds vary among populations, and limited data on South American populations highlight the need for localised research. This study evaluated thermal thresholds for <i>P. xylostella</i> populations in central Argentina, focusing on temperature's effects on fecundity, fertility, development, and survival. We found that temperatures outside the optimal range (15-23°C) significantly reduced survival, with no individuals surviving at 5 or 30°C. Linear and non-linear models accurately described the relationship between temperature and pest development. Using cumulative degree-days, we mapped potential <i>P. xylostella</i> generations across central Argentina. This research provides the first comprehensive analysis of <i>P. xylostella</i> thermal biology in temperate Argentina, emphasising temperature's critical role in its development. The findings offer valuable insights for climate-specific pest management strategies and enhance understanding of insect population dynamics in agricultural ecosystems, contributing to more sustainable control practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":9370,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Entomological Research","volume":" ","pages":"354-365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Involvement of sensory neuron membrane protein gene (<i>SNMP</i>) in host plant searching in the bird cherry-oat aphid.","authors":"Linhai Xia, Mengjie Gao, Zhimin Xu, Xiaoxiao Yuan, Wenhua Hou, Maohua Chen, Xiong Peng","doi":"10.1017/S0007485325000173","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007485325000173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sensory neuron membrane protein (<i>SNMP</i>) gene play a crucial role in insect chemosensory systems. However, the role of <i>SNMP</i> in the host searching behaviour of <i>Rhopalosiphum padi</i> (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a highly destructive pest of cereal crops, has not been clearly understood. Our previous research has shown that three wheat volatile organic compounds (VOCs) - (E)-2-hexenol, linalool, and octanal can attract <i>R. padi</i>, but the involvement of <i>SNMP</i> in the aphid's olfactory response to these wheat VOCs has not to be elucidated. In this study, only one SNMP gene was cloned and characterised from <i>R. padi</i>. The results revealed that the SNMP belongs to the SNMP1 subfamily and was named RpadSNMP1. <i>RpadSNMP11</i> was predominantly expressed in the antennae of the aphid, with significantly higher expression levels observed in winged forms, indicating that it is involved in olfactory responses of <i>R. padi. RpadSNMP1</i> expression was significantly up-regulated following starvation, and the expression of this gene showed a decreasing trend after 24 h of aphid feeding. Functional analysis through <i>RpadSNMP1</i> knockdown demonstrated a significant decrease in <i>R. padi</i>'s ability to search for host plants. The residence time of <i>R. padi</i> injected with ds<i>RpadSNMP1</i> significantly shortened in response to (E)-2-hexenol, linalool and octanal according to the four-arm olfactometer, indicating the crucial role of <i>RpadSNMP1</i> in mediating the aphid's response to these wheat VOCs. Molecular docking suggested potential binding interactions between RpadSNMP1 and three wheat VOCs. Overall, these findings provided evidence for the involvement of <i>RpadSNMP1</i> in host plant searching and lay a foundation for developing new methods to control this destructive pest.</p>","PeriodicalId":9370,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Entomological Research","volume":" ","pages":"366-374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular characterisation and developmental expression analysis of the <i>5-HT7</i> receptor in <i>Chrysopa formosa</i>.","authors":"Fei Li, Longrui Wang, Yujia Li, Xuyang Tian, Jiayue Wang, Zhongjian Shen, Junjie Zhang, Lisheng Zhang, Yuyan Li","doi":"10.1017/S0007485325000148","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007485325000148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a key monoamine neurotransmitter in insects, which regulates neural functions and influences various developmental and physiological processes by binding to its receptors. In this study, we investigate the molecular characteristics, phylogenetic relationships, and expression patterns of the <i>5-HT7</i> receptor (<i>Cf5-HT7</i>) in <i>Chrysopa formosa</i>, with a focus on its potential involvement in developmental and diapause regulation. The <i>Cf5-HT7</i> gene was identified and cloned from the <i>C. formosa</i> transcriptome, revealing an open reading frame of 1788 bp encoding a 596 amino acid protein. Sequence analysis confirmed that <i>Cf5-HT7</i> is a typical class A G protein-coupled receptor, characterised by seven transmembrane domains and several post-translational modifications, including palmitoylation and N-glycosylation sites. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that <i>Cf5-HT7</i> is most closely related to the <i>5-HT7</i> receptor from <i>Chrysoperla carnea</i>, with high conservation of key motifs involved in ligand binding and receptor activation. Expression analysis across different developmental stages of <i>C. formosa</i> showed that <i>Cf5-HT7</i> is highly expressed in the first instar larvae, with significant upregulation observed during the prepupal stage. Under diapause-inducing conditions, <i>Cf5-HT7</i> expression is modulated in a stage-specific manner, showing a marked decrease at the onset of diapause, followed by a significant increase during the mid-to-late diapause maintenance phase. These findings suggest that it plays a pivotal role in regulating development and diapause processes in <i>C. formosa</i>, offering new insights into the molecular mechanisms governing insect life cycle transitions. This study lays the groundwork for future research into the functional roles of 5-HT7 receptors in insect physiology and their potential applications in manipulating diapause.</p>","PeriodicalId":9370,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Entomological Research","volume":" ","pages":"317-328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of temperature on development and reproduction of the olive black scale <i>Saissetia oleae</i> (Olivier) (Hemiptera: Coccidae).","authors":"Mohamed El Aalaoui, Fouad Mokrini, Mohamed Sbaghi","doi":"10.1017/S0007485325000112","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007485325000112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The olive black scale, <i>Saissetia oleae</i> (Olivier), is a significant pest of olive crops worldwide. The developmental, reproductive, and population growth parameters of <i>S. oleae</i> were evaluated under five constant temperature conditions (18°C to 33°C). Developmental durations significantly decreased with increasing temperatures. Female lifespan decreased from 161.6 days at 18°C to 104.3 days at 33°C, while male lifespan decreased from 96.8 days at 18°C to 49.4 days at 33°C. The highest sex ratio (proportion of females) of 0.35 was observed at 30°C, with pre-adult survival rates of 63%, while survival rates dropped to 28% at 18°C. Parthenogenesis was not observed in females. The total pre-oviposition and post-oviposition periods decreased with increasing temperature, with the longest oviposition period at 33°C (49.6 days). Maximum fecundity was recorded at 33°C (379.0 eggs/female), followed by 30°C (298.6 eggs/female), and decreased sharply at 18°C (90.1 eggs/female). The intrinsic rate of increase (<i>r</i>) was highest at 30 and 33°C (0.038 d⁻<sup>1</sup>), while the net reproductive rate (<i>R</i><sub>0</sub>) peaked at 30°C (104.5 offspring/female). The predicted fecundity of the next generation showed significant potential growth at 27 and 30°C, with the population increasing 65.3 times at 30°C and 39.4 times at 27°C. The developmental threshold for <i>S. oleae</i> was highest for first-instar nymphs (7.58°C), while second-instar nymphs had lower thresholds (1.09-1.65°C), with total pre-adult development requiring 1250 degree-days for both males and females. These findings underscore the significant impact of temperature on the development and reproduction of <i>S. oleae</i>, with implications for pest management in olive orchards.</p>","PeriodicalId":9370,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Entomological Research","volume":" ","pages":"296-307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic diversity and association with bacterial endosymbionts influence phenotype in two important cereal aphid species.","authors":"Daniel J Leybourne","doi":"10.1017/S0007485325000124","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007485325000124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aphids are important pests of cereal crops and cause economically significant damage through direct feeding and the transmission of plant viruses. In Europe, the aphid species of greatest concern are the grain aphid <i>(Sitobion avenae</i> Fabricius) and the bird cherry-oat aphid, (<i>Rhopalosiphum padi</i> Linnaeus). Often, cereal crops are dominated by a small number of prolific clonal populations and these populations can differ in phenotypic traits of agricultural importance. There are two heritable factors that influence aphid phenotype: aphid genetic diversity and the presence of endosymbionts.Here, multiple cereal aphid populations are used to determine how heritable factors influence aphid phenotype. Several agriculturally important phenotypic traits are examined, and both endosymbiont- and genotype-derived phenotypes are identified. For <i>S. avenae</i>, aphid genotype influences all phenotypic traits assessed, and association with the facultative endosymbiont <i>Regiella insecticola</i> influences alate morph production with co-infection of <i>R. insecticola</i> and <i>Fukatsuia symbiotica</i> increasing reproductive output. For <i>R. padi</i>, adult aphid morph (apterous or alate) is the key driver behind reproductive output, with a genotype × morph effect also found to influence development time.Overall, these results provide insight into the biological drivers behind phenotypic diversity in agriculturally important aphid species. Being able to associate heritable factors with key phenotypes can generate biological insights into the processes underpinning the dominance of specific aphid clones and can be used to develop pest and disease management strategies based around the phenotypic risk of the aphid populations present.</p>","PeriodicalId":9370,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Entomological Research","volume":" ","pages":"308-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An entomopathogenic strain of <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> (hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) against <i>Eotetranychus kankitus</i> (acarina: Tetranychidae) and its compatibility with <i>Neoseiulus barkeri</i> (acarina: Phytoseiidae).","authors":"Mingxiu Liu, Dong Xiang, Xiaotian Feng, Xuanliang Li, Mian Wang, Zhen Wang, Hanqiu Chen, Huai Liu, Yaying Li","doi":"10.1017/S0007485325000057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485325000057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Eotetranychus kankitus</i> is an important pest on several agricultural crops, and its resistance to pesticides has promoted the exploration of biological control strategies. <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> and <i>Neoseiulus barkeri</i> have been identified as potential agents for suppressing spider mites. This study aimed to investigate the pathogenicity of <i>B. bassiana</i> on <i>E. kankitus</i> and its compatibility with <i>N. barkeri</i>. Results showed that among the five tested strains of <i>B. bassiana</i>, Bb025 exhibited the highest level of pathogenicity on <i>E. kankitus</i>. Higher application rates (1 × 10<sup>8</sup> conidia/mL) of Bb025 led to a higher mortality rate of <i>E. kankitus</i> (90.402%), but also resulted in a 15.036% mortality of <i>N. barkeri</i>. Furthermore, preference response tests indicated that both <i>E. kankitus</i> and <i>N. barkeri</i> actively avoided plants sprayed with Bb025 compared to the control group that was sprayed with Tween-80. In a no-choice test, we observed that <i>N. barkeri</i> actively attacked Bb025-treated <i>E. kankitus</i> with no adverse effect on its predatory capacities. Furthermore, <i>N. barkeri</i> laid more eggs when fed on Bb025-treated <i>E. kankitus</i> compared to Tween-80-treated <i>E. kankitus</i>, but the subsequent generation of surviving individuals fed on Bb025-treated <i>E. kankitus</i> was reduced. These findings demonstrate that the Bb025 strain of <i>B. bassiana</i> is highly virulent against <i>E. kankitus</i> while causing less harm to <i>N. barkeri</i>. Consequently, a promising strategy for controlling <i>E. kankitus</i> could involve the sequential utilisation of Bb025 and <i>N. barkeri</i> at appropriate intervals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9370,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Entomological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrick Beseh, John Abraham, Lakpo Koku Agboyi, Benjamin Mensah
{"title":"Host age preference and biology of <i>Coccygidium luteum</i> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a larval parasitoid of the fall armyworm.","authors":"Patrick Beseh, John Abraham, Lakpo Koku Agboyi, Benjamin Mensah","doi":"10.1017/S0007485325000070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485325000070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Coccygidium luteum</i> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a solitary larval parasitoid, is associated with the fall armyworm (FAW), in Africa. However, there is very limited information on reproductive biology, and other biological parameters that influence its life strategies. We conducted laboratory experiments to gain new insights into the biology of <i>C. luteum</i> reared on FAW as the host. Host age preference, reproductive biology, lifetime fecundity, life cycle, and adult longevity were studied under laboratory conditions of 28 ± 1°C and 70 ± 3% relative humidity. This study revealed that <i>C. luteum</i> prefer early (1st-3rd) instars of FAW for oviposition. The maximum parasitism rate was 80% at second instar larvae. A mean pre-oviposition period of 0.38 ± 0.51 days, oviposition period of 5.13 ± 0.64 days, and no post-oviposition period were observed. The mean lifetime parasitism rate of FAW larvae by female <i>C. luteum</i> was 49 ± 24. Longevity of unmated <i>C. luteum</i> was 14.44 ± 1.43 days for males and 12.83 ± 1.12 days for females. Mated ovipositing females lived for 7 days. Mean female and male progenies per adult female <i>C. luteum</i> was 28.11 ± 8.18 and 39.89 ± 4.76 respectively, with an overall sex ratio of 1.42 at 28 ± 1°C using second instar larvae. Total life cycle from oviposition to adult emergence was 23 ± 1 days. This study provides the basic information about <i>C. luteum</i> that could be utilised for mass rearing of this parasitoid under an augmentative biological control of FAW programme.</p>","PeriodicalId":9370,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Entomological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}