Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering最新文献

{"title":"A unified probabilistic assessment of multiple ground-motion intensity measures in seismic hazard analysis based on Fourier amplitude spectra","authors":"Haizhong Zhang,&nbsp;Yan-Gang Zhao,&nbsp;Rui Zhang,&nbsp;Hongjun Si","doi":"10.1007/s10518-025-02189-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10518-025-02189-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Different ground-motion intensity measures capture unique aspects of seismic motion, all of which play vital roles in probability seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), depending on the objectives under consideration and the design or analysis methods employed. Within the current PSHA framework, performing probability assessments for multiple intensity measures to obtain their seismic hazard curves typically requires multiple ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) for each intensity measure. While GMPEs for some intensity measures can be approximated from existing ones through modifications, many still need to be developed through regression analyses of extensive earthquake data. However, besides the laborious task of constructing multiple GMPEs, recent studies have also pointed out the difficulty in directly constraining the scaling of these intensity measures within GMPEs using seismological theory. To address these challenges, this study proposes a more efficient, physically reasonable, and internally consistent framework for probabilistically analyzing multiple intensity measures. Firstly, to avoid the effort of constructing multiple GMPEs, this study exclusively adopts the GMPE of the Fourier amplitude spectrum (FAS) coupled with a ground-motion duration model. Subsequently, multiple intensity measures are simultaneously estimated based on theoretical relationships between FAS with each intensity measure. In addition, given that Fourier spectra are more closely related to the physics of wave propagation, the scaling of FAS in GMPE is easier to constrain using seismological theory. Furthermore, the moment method, in conjunction with Latin hypercube sampling, is applied to calculate the exceedance probability for each intensity measure, thereby obtaining corresponding seismic hazard curves. Finally, a numerical example was conducted to verify the proposed framework.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9364,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","volume":"23 10","pages":"3837 - 3859"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Torsion effects on the seismic performance of adjacent mass-irregular buildings connected by viscous dampers","authors":"MohammadHossein Yarali,&nbsp;Farshid Fathi","doi":"10.1007/s10518-025-02195-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10518-025-02195-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many numerical studies have proved that connecting adjacent buildings by passive dampers can effectively improve the seismic performance of both connected regular buildings, however, its effect on irregular buildings is unknown. The torsion effect on the seismic performance of two three-dimensional adjacent buildings, including 8- and 12-story RC special moment-resisting frame buildings connected by viscous dampers was investigated in this paper, considering a mass eccentricity variable from 0-20% of the buildings’ plan dimension. The torsion effect on the control system was evaluated by comparing the maximum top-floor displacement and fragility curves of the connected and corresponding unconnected buildings. The results were derived by nonlinear time history analysis and incremental dynamic analysis under 22 far-field ground motions using the OpenSees software. According to the results obtained, the suggested control system enhances the seismic performance of both connected irregular buildings by reducing the maximum top-floor displacement and enabling the buildings to withstand higher values of ground motion intensity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9364,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","volume":"23 10","pages":"4069 - 4089"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of horizontal cladding wall panels in industrial precast RC buildings using a simplified macro-model","authors":"Liana Ostetto,&nbsp;Romain Sousa,&nbsp;Paulo Fernandes,&nbsp;Hugo Rodrigues","doi":"10.1007/s10518-025-02193-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10518-025-02193-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent earthquakes have highlighted the primary vulnerabilities of buildings constructed with precast reinforced concrete elements, particularly issues related to the connections of cladding panels, which have often led to the collapse of these components. In current design practices for precast reinforced concrete industrial buildings, the contribution of cladding panels is typically neglected, as they are assumed to have no significant influence on the building’s seismic performance. However, several studies have indicated that cladding panels can play a crucial role in the seismic response of a structure. Consequently, there is growing interest in improving how the contributions of these elements are accounted for in structural models. This study addresses this need by proposing two simplified numerical modelling strategies tailored for precast structures. These strategies aim to capture the contribution of conventional cladding systems, along with their associated panels and connections, to the overall structural performance during seismic events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9364,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","volume":"23 9","pages":"3809 - 3835"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10518-025-02193-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for NE Brazil","authors":"J. A. S. Fonsêca,&nbsp;A. F. do Nascimento,&nbsp;S. Lasocki","doi":"10.1007/s10518-025-02186-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10518-025-02186-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Performing seismic hazard analysis in Stable Continental Regions presents unique challenges due to the low rates of seismicity, long recurrence intervals of significant earthquakes, and limited historical earthquake records. These factors complicate the identification and characterization of active seismic zones and the accurate modelling of seismic hazard. However, assessing seismic hazard in these regions is crucial, especially when considering the presence of critical infrastructure and urban areas where even low-probability, high-impact events can pose significant risks. The Northeast of Brazil stands out as one of the most active seismic areas in the stable part of South America, with records of events that have caused considerable damage to civil structures in recent decades. We present a Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for Northeast Brazil, incorporating an updated regional earthquake catalog and newly defined seismic source zones. This study focuses on calculating Peak Ground Acceleration and spectral accelerations for critical locations, including state capitals and key infrastructure sites. The results show that while most of NE Brazil conforms to the current Brazilian seismic design code, certain regions exhibit significantly higher seismic hazards. In some areas, PGA values exceed the design code thresholds of 2.5%g and 5.0%g for 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years. The disaggregation reveals that local, moderate-magnitude events drive the seismic hazard around some sites, whereas others are more affected by larger, distant earthquakes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9364,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","volume":"23 9","pages":"3507 - 3527"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance of multiple hardening wall: macro-element modelling, parametric analysis, and design","authors":"Hongbo Jiang,&nbsp;Haotian Liu,&nbsp;Tong Guo,&nbsp;Guangzhong Fan,&nbsp;Jian Sun,&nbsp;Hongxing Qiu,&nbsp;Wenjie Ge,&nbsp;Yanqing Xu,&nbsp;Kongyang Chen,&nbsp;Chunchao Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10518-025-02184-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10518-025-02184-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Steel-concrete composite bolted connections (SCCBCs) are frequently used for the horizontal connections of precast concrete (PC) walls, which makes the walls resilient and easy to replace after earthquakes. In a newly developed PC wall named as the multiple hardening PC shear wall (MHPCW), the SCCBCs are extended to vertical connections and are characterized by limited travel behavior, referred to as friction bearing devices (FBDs). The FBD plays a crucial role in the multiple hardening behavior by leveraging the longitudinal elongation, and friction and limited travel are identified as key factors in design. Although previous experimental results have demonstrated the promising seismic performance of the MHPCW, a deeper understanding of the multiple hardening mechanism is still needed. This study introduces a macro element modeling approach for the MHPCW. The validation of various failure modes and both lateral and longitudinal responses is conducted through experimental results. A parametric analysis of the MHPCW is conducted to explore the influence of key parameters, including the limited travel of the FBD, FBD friction, stiffness of end column, and axial load ratio. Furthermore, design recommendations for the FBD are proposed and validated by both experimental and numerical results, with failure modes fully considered, thus advancing the understanding of MHPCW.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9364,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","volume":"23 9","pages":"3745 - 3777"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An initial velocity model based on VS30 for the region affected by the February 6, 2023 Turkiye earthquakes","authors":"Okan Ilhan,&nbsp;Gamze Muratoğlu,&nbsp;Aysegul Askan,&nbsp;Ertuğrul Taciroğlu","doi":"10.1007/s10518-025-02188-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10518-025-02188-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a V_S30-dependent one-dimensional (1D) velocity model for the region affected by the February 6, 2023, earthquakes in Turkiye, which were marked by complex fault interactions along the East Anatolian Fault Zone. The proposed model utilizes V_S measurements from 118 strong ground motion stations to develop a shallow V_S structure (≤ 0.1 km), integrates deeper V_S data from Acarel et al. (2019), and establishes a V_S transition zone for intermediate depths (0.1 km to 0.6 km). The model evaluation indicated minimal bias despite some discrepancies. Additionally, compressional wave velocities (V_P) and densities (ρ) corresponding to the V_S30-conditioned V_S model are provided. The findings from this study can be applied in a range of disciplines, including geotechnical and structural engineering, as well as ground motion simulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9364,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","volume":"23 9","pages":"3569 - 3587"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10518-025-02188-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance of reinforced concrete framed buildings with ribbed slabs at the affected region by 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes","authors":"Erkan Çelebi,&nbsp;Osman Kırtel","doi":"10.1007/s10518-025-02191-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10518-025-02191-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) framed buildings with ribbed slab floors in the aftermath of the 06 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes. The structural analysis of a 6-story RC building with ribbed slab floors that collapsed during the earthquake was conducted using the finite element analysis and compared with a similar structure built with traditional slab floors. For this purpose, a sample building was selected in the Islahiye district of Gaziantep province, one of the regions most affected by the earthquake. The analysis revealed that the vibration periods of ribbed slab systems were longer than those of conventional slab systems due to their lower in-plane stiffness. Additionally, the study found that ribbed slab orientation significantly amplifies P-delta effects caused by geometric non-linearity, especially in soft-story buildings. A key finding of the study is that the high vertical accelerations recorded during the earthquakes, comparable to horizontal accelerations, generated large inertial forces that were directly transferred to the columns in buildings with ribbed slabs. These forces doubled the second-order effects in the first story compared to traditional beam-slab systems, triggering soft-story collapse mechanisms. The study underscores the high seismic vulnerability of ribbed slab buildings, particularly those without shear walls, and emphasizes the urgent need for stricter seismic design regulations to prevent future catastrophic failures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9364,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","volume":"23 9","pages":"3623 - 3646"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10518-025-02191-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigation of strengthening inadequate reinforced concrete frames with innovative precast panels","authors":"Taha Yasin Altiok,&nbsp;Kabil Cetin,&nbsp;Ali Demir","doi":"10.1007/s10518-025-02187-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10518-025-02187-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Structural strengthening applications have disadvantages such as lengthy construction times, evacuation requirements, and loss of architectural integrity. In order to address these issues, researchers have recently concentrated efforts on developing practical methods. This study presents experimental and numerical investigations into an innovative strengthening technique using precast reinforced concrete (RC) panels. The proposed method offers several advantages, including eliminating the need for evacuation, cost-effectiveness, quick implementation, reliability, and the ability to maintain functional openings. Five 1/3-scale specimens of single-story, single-span RC frames, reflecting common earthquake-vulnerable structural deficiencies, were tested. Four specimens were strengthened using precast RC panels with varying parameters, while one served as a reference without strengthening. The specimens were subjected to reversed cyclic lateral loading to simulate earthquake conditions. Numerical analyses were performed using the Abaqus/CAE software based on the finite element method. Results showed that the proposed method improved load-bearing capacity, stiffness, strength, ductility, and energy dissipation while reducing column base rotations. Specifically, it was observed that the technique increased lateral load-bearing capacity by 54% to 136% and enhanced ductility up to 44%, depending on panel configuration. Panels placed closer to columns contributed more to stiffness, while panels positioned farther enhanced ductility. Furthermore, the cumulative energy dissipation capacity up to the yielding point increased by up to 119% compared to the reference specimen, and all strengthened specimens exhibited greater plastic energy consumption. The findings from the experimental and numerical studies were highly consistent, validating each other’s results and demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed technique in improving the seismic performance of RC frames.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9364,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","volume":"23 9","pages":"3647 - 3677"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10518-025-02187-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-lateral spreading effects on 2 × 2 piles in a liquefiable level ground with inclined base during subsequent earthquakes","authors":"Morteza Rajabigol,&nbsp;S. Mohsen Haeri,&nbsp;Mohammad Moradi","doi":"10.1007/s10518-025-02183-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10518-025-02183-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>At 4:17 am (1:17 UTC) on Feb. 6, 2023, an earthquake with M_w=7.8 struck near Pazarcık City in south-central Turkey, followed by a 7.5 M_w event about 9 h later. The subsequent earthquakes can cause severe damage which might not be the case for single earthquakes. In this study, a series of shake table tests on level ground with a sloping base model were conducted to investigate the effects of subsequent liquefactions on two 2 × 2 pile groups with a minor fixity in the caps. Adequate time intervals for complete dissipation of excess pore water pressure in the liquefiable layer were permitted at the end of each shaking. For this purpose, the free field soil and the piles were sufficiently instrumented to measure various parameters during and after the shakings. In this paper, the results of one of the shakings are reported and discussed in detail, and the results of other shakings are compared. The reported results contain time histories of acceleration, displacement, pore water pressure, bending moment, shear force, and lateral pressure on the piles. The ground settlements due to subsequent earthquakes are also measured and reported. The findings reveal that in a level ground liquefiable layer overlying a sloping base, lateral spreading may also occur and affect the piles behaviour especially in subsequent earthquakes. In addition, a practical relationship is proposed from the experimental results to estimate the residual shear strength of the liquefied soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9364,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","volume":"23 9","pages":"3679 - 3710"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing ground motion prediction equations: an alternate methodology and its implementation with a subset of NGA-West2 database","authors":"Falak Vats,&nbsp;Dhiman Basu","doi":"10.1007/s10518-025-02185-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10518-025-02185-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ground-motion-prediction-equations (GMPEs) play a critical role in seismic hazard analysis. However, the conventional methods for developing GMPEs, which rely on functional forms and assumptions like homoscedasticity, can introduce biases. The Consistent Spectral Shape (CSS) approach introduces a novel framework for GMPE construction, which extends the widely adopted maximum likelihood approach while remaining independent of the homoscedasticity assumption. This approach decouples the logarithmic mean spectrum into two components: logarithmic spectral shape and logarithmic mean peak ground acceleration (normalizing factor). This decoupling enables a specific study of the spectral shape, allowing for an investigation of how it varies across different sets of independent variables and different definitions of intensity measures. An alternate perspective of decoupling is also explored in line with the conventional representation of the median/design spectrum. Additionally, the paper also describes methods to account for aleatory variability by the construction of logarithmic variance spectra in three cases depending on the existence of systematic trend against magnitude-distance (M-R), given a soil category: (A) systematic trend against M-R; (B) no systematic trend against M-R; and (C) nearly invariant with M-R. The CSS framework is demonstrated through its application to the NGA-West2 database for five spectral acceleration definitions: (a) RotD50; (b) RotD100; (c) Geo-mean; (d) GMRotD50; and (e) GMRotD100. The proposed framework, followed by the constructed CSS-GMPEs, is anticipated to serve as a crucial input for performing seismic hazard analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9364,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","volume":"23 9","pages":"3529 - 3568"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}