International journal of health research and innovation最新文献_第7页

Prevalence of schistosoma haematobium infection in a neglected community, south western Nigeria 尼日利亚西南部一个被忽视社区的血血吸虫感染流行情况

International journal of health research and innovation Pub Date : 2010-06-09 DOI: 10.4314/IJHR.V2I2.55408

O. Akinwale, M. Ajayi, D. Akande, M. Adeleke, P. Gyang, A. Adeneye, A. Dike

{"title":"Prevalence of schistosoma haematobium infection in a neglected community, south western Nigeria","authors":"O. Akinwale, M. Ajayi, D. Akande, M. Adeleke, P. Gyang, A. Adeneye, A. Dike","doi":"10.4314/IJHR.V2I2.55408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJHR.V2I2.55408","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Schistosomiasis ranks second to malaria among \u0000parasitic diseases of socio-economic and public health \u0000importance. In Nigeria, urinary schistosomiasis caused by \u0000Schistosoma haematobium is endemic. This study aimed at \u0000producing an accurate data on the prevalence of urinary \u0000schistosomiasis in Apojula, a neglected community located \u0000around Oyan Dam, southwest Nigeria, using parasitological and molecular techniques. Methods: Parasitological examinations were carried out on urine samples from 63 participants whose ages ranged \u0000between 7 and 63 years. Matched blood and urine samples were also screened for S. haematobium infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the \u0000schistosome Dra1 repeat. Results: Of the 63 participants, 33 (52.4%) were positive for heamaturia while 6 (9.5%) had S. haematobium ova in their urine. PCR amplification of S. haematobium Dra1 repeat from their urine and blood samples showed that 59 (93.65%) and 62 (98.4%) were infected respectively. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of S. haematobium infection as detected by PCR amplification of schistosome Dra1 repeat from the urine and blood samples of the study participants. In addition, the PCR was able to detect schistosome infection in cases otherwise shown to be negative by parasitological examinations thereby making them also to receive chemotherapy. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Schistosoma haematobium, heamaturia, urine, \u0000blood, PCR, Dra1.","PeriodicalId":93450,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health research and innovation","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89535849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Modeling and Characterization of Drug Release from Glutinous Rice Starch Based Hydrogel Beads for Controlled Drug Delivery 以糯米淀粉为基础的水凝胶微球控制给药的药物释放建模与表征

International journal of health research and innovation Pub Date : 2010-06-09 DOI: 10.4314/IJHR.V2I1.55398

N. Sachan, A. Bhattacharya

{"title":"Modeling and Characterization of Drug Release from Glutinous Rice Starch Based Hydrogel Beads for Controlled Drug Delivery","authors":"N. Sachan, A. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.4314/IJHR.V2I1.55398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJHR.V2I1.55398","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To identify the potential of Assam Bora rice in \u0000modulation of drug release from the formulated matrix devices and demonstrate its utility in pharmaceutical drug carrier systems. Methods: The hydrogel microbeads were prepared by an industrially feasible conventional ionotropic gelation method using the blends of pregelatinized Bora rice along with sodium alginate as mucoadhesive backbone. The potential of proposed \u0000natural polymer in modulation of drug release from the \u0000formulated microbeads was investigated through in vitro \u0000dissolution test conducted as per SUPAC-MR guidelines \u0000provided by FDA. Data obtained from in vitro release studies were fitted to various kinetic equations to find out the kinetics and mechanism of drug release from fabricated microbeads. Results: The microbeads were almost spherical, discreet and free flowing in a size range of about 0.726±0.008 mm to 1.16±0.009 mm. The different formulations had variable correlation with the different kinetic models under the different release environments. Conclusion: Assam Bora can be a promising option for mucoadhesive controlled drug delivery systems as natural substance. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Drug delivery, Bora rice starch, Release kinetics, Natural polymer.","PeriodicalId":93450,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health research and innovation","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85741530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Preliminary studies on diuretic effect of hygrophila auriculata (schum) heine in rats 木耳喜湿海涅对大鼠利尿作用的初步研究

International journal of health research and innovation Pub Date : 2010-06-09 DOI: 10.4314/IJHR.V2I1.55390

S. Hussain, N. Ahmed, Z. Ansari

引用次数: 34

Body mass index and blood pressure pattern of students in a Nigerian university 尼日利亚一所大学学生的体重指数和血压模式

International journal of health research and innovation Pub Date : 2010-06-09 DOI: 10.4314/IJHR.V2I2.55416

K. Oghagbon, V. Odili, E. Nwangwa, K. Pender

{"title":"Body mass index and blood pressure pattern of students in a Nigerian university","authors":"K. Oghagbon, V. Odili, E. Nwangwa, K. Pender","doi":"10.4314/IJHR.V2I2.55416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJHR.V2I2.55416","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Reports in Nigeria and other developing countries have indicated a rise in the prevalence of obesity among adults. In identifying at what age in our environment obesity starts becoming a problem, we measured the burden of overweight and obesity among young adults. Methods: Four hundred and sixty four undergraduate students, who were undergoing medical examination as part of admission process, were recruited. Their weight, height and blood pressure (BP) were measured and their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The prevalence of obesity, overweight and under-nutrition among these students were determined according to international guidelines. Results: The prevalence of obesity (3.4%) and undernutrition \u0000(3.1%) among the students, were similar. Female \u0000students had higher prevalence of obesity (4.02%) and \u0000under-nutrition (3.1%) than the males. Overweight was found to be commoner in male subjects (26.78%) than in females (20.98%). The prevalence of hypertension was 3.4% in the study population and was commoner in males (5.9%) than in females (0.89%). Mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in males than females (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Obesity and under-nutrition are prevalent among the fresh undergraduate students. As part of the orientation programme for fresh undergraduate students in Nigerian Universities, nutrition education should be carried \u0000out. The need to always conduct blood pressure monitoring for all University students is also recommended. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Body mass index; Blood pressure; Obesity; \u0000University students; Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":93450,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health research and innovation","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86085418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Matrix release from tablets prepared with aqueous dispersion of an acrylate methacrylate (a water - insoluble) copolymer as binder 用丙烯酸酯-甲基丙烯酸酯(一种不溶于水的共聚物)的水分散体作为粘合剂制备的片剂的基质释放

International journal of health research and innovation Pub Date : 2010-06-09 DOI: 10.4314/IJHR.V1I4.55380

F. Eichie, R. S. Okor, Omameri Esi

{"title":"Matrix release from tablets prepared with aqueous dispersion of an acrylate methacrylate (a water - insoluble) copolymer as binder","authors":"F. Eichie, R. S. Okor, Omameri Esi","doi":"10.4314/IJHR.V1I4.55380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJHR.V1I4.55380","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: To investigate the binder effect of aqueous \u0000dispersions of acrylate methacrylates (AMA) copolymer \u0000with a view to obtaining matrix (non-disintegrating) \u0000tablets with a retard release property. METHODS: Aqueous dispersions of AMA (1-15% w/v) were formed by a coacervation procedure using ethanol (10 ml) as solvent and water (90 ml) as non-solvent for the copolymer. The aqueous dispersions were used to wet–mass the drug (paracetamol) powder. Resulting granules were compressed to 500 mg tablets using a single punch machine. The tablets were subjected to hardness, friability, disintegration and dissolution tests. RESULTS: The granules formed hard tablets (tensile strength 1 - 2.0 MNm-2) with low friability decreasing from 2 to 1 % as the AMA binder concentration increased from 0.75 to 11.25% w/w. The tablets failed to disintegrate in 3 hr. Drug release generally followed the Higuchi square root of time kinetic (R2 \u0001 0.95). The AMA binder markedly retarded drug release as reflected by the sharp decrease in the dissolution rate constant from 30 min–2 (AMA, 0.75% w/w) to 9 min–2 (AMA, 11.25% w/w). CONCLUSION: The AMA dispersion is an effective binder, producing matrix tablets with a retard release property controlled by the binder content in the tablets. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Acrylate methacrylate copolymer; Aqueous \u0000dispersions; Matrix tablets, Retard release; Friability \u0000index; Tensile strength.","PeriodicalId":93450,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health research and innovation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89487467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Study of interaction between antiobesity and hypolipidemic drugs 抗肥胖与降血脂药物相互作用的研究

International journal of health research and innovation Pub Date : 2010-06-09 DOI: 10.4314/IJHR.V1I4.55376

N. Anitha, J. V. Rao, S. Kavimani, Srujitpal Reddy, E. Rao

{"title":"Study of interaction between antiobesity and hypolipidemic drugs","authors":"N. Anitha, J. V. Rao, S. Kavimani, Srujitpal Reddy, E. Rao","doi":"10.4314/IJHR.V1I4.55376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJHR.V1I4.55376","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: To explore the interaction between \u0000antiobesity drug, topiramate, and hypolipidemic drug, \u0000atorvastatin, in rats. METHODS: Obesity was induced in Wistar albino rats by administering cafeteria diet (CD) for 40 days and divided into 5 groups. While one group served as control, each other group received either alone or in combination with either topiramate, atorvastatin or \u0000topiramate plus atorvastatin. The animals were treated \u0000with the drugs for 7 days. On 7th day, 2 hr after drug \u0000administration, the body weight, organ weights, rectal \u0000temperature, locomotor activity and various biochemical \u0000parameters like serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), \u0000triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and \u0000high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were determined. \u0000The data were analysed statistically. RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in body weight, organ weights, serum glucose, serum TC, TG, LDL and increase in body temperature, locomotor activity and HDL levels in cafeteria diet fed rats treated with the combination of topiramate and atorvastatin when compared with those treated with topiramate and atorvastatin alone. CONCLUSION: There is interaction between topiramate and atorvastatin when administered together. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Antiobesity drugs; Atorvastatin; Drug \u0000interaction; Hypolipidemic; Topiramate.","PeriodicalId":93450,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health research and innovation","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79323667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Hyperforin: A lead for antidepressants hyperperin:抗抑郁药的先导物

International journal of health research and innovation Pub Date : 2010-06-09 DOI: 10.4314/IJHR.V2I1.55384

Sarfaraj Hussain, Z. H. Ansari, M. Arif

引用次数: 8

Liquisolid Tablets: A Novel Approach for Drug Delivery 液体固体片剂:一种新的给药方法

International journal of health research and innovation Pub Date : 2010-06-09 DOI: 10.4314/IJHR.V2I1.55386

A. Karmarkar, I. Gonjari, A. Hosman, P. Dhabal, S. Bhis

{"title":"Liquisolid Tablets: A Novel Approach for Drug Delivery","authors":"A. Karmarkar, I. Gonjari, A. Hosman, P. Dhabal, S. Bhis","doi":"10.4314/IJHR.V2I1.55386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJHR.V2I1.55386","url":null,"abstract":"Liquisolid system is a novel concept of drug delivery \u0000via oral route. This technique is applied to water \u0000insoluble drugs and lipophilic drugs to sustain their \u0000release. Formulation and manufacture of the liquisolid \u0000tablets is quite simple method according to new \u0000mathematical model described by Spireas et al. It \u0000involves dissolving the drug in suitable non-volatile \u0000solvent and then adding this liquid medication to the \u0000mixture of carrier and coating materials. Mixing of this \u0000will lead to liquisolid system which is subjected to \u0000tabletting by direct compression. Increase in \u0000dissolution rate and in turn improvement in bioavailability is observed in case of poorly water soluble drugs. However, sustained effect is achieved in case of water soluble drugs. By use of this technique, liquid medications such as solutions or suspensions of water insoluble drugs in suitable non-volatile liquid vehicles can be easily converted into powder with acceptable flow properties and compression behavior using suitable powder excipients. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Dissolution enhancement, Drugs formulation, \u0000Drug release, Liquisolid tablets.","PeriodicalId":93450,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health research and innovation","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79980115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51

Determinants of hemoglobin level in adolescence students at Gaza strip, Palestine 巴勒斯坦加沙地带青少年学生血红蛋白水平的决定因素

International journal of health research and innovation Pub Date : 2010-06-09 DOI: 10.4314/IJHR.V1I4.55379

M. Sirdah

{"title":"Determinants of hemoglobin level in adolescence students at Gaza strip, Palestine","authors":"M. Sirdah","doi":"10.4314/IJHR.V1I4.55379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJHR.V1I4.55379","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Hemoglobin (Hb) level could be affected by different interfering factors that include nutritional, socio-demographical, economical, and habitual determinant factors. The present study was designed to identify possible factors that could affect the hemoglobin level in adolescence students (14-22 years) at Gaza Strip, Palestine. Methods: Complete blood count (CBC), serum iron (SI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and HbA2 were performed on blood samples of 1171 students from both sexes (548 M & 623 F). Socioeconomic, demographic, habitual and nutritional information were collected through close-ended questionnaire. Results: Iron deficiency and beta thalassemia minor are prevalent in 9.6% and 4.2%, respectively, of the adolescent students. At all categorizations, except in carriers for beta thalassemia gene, significantly higher Hb levels were reported in males than females. The determinant factors for Hb level of the overall subjects were student education (school vs university), parents consanguinity, geographical locality (urban, rural, refugee camp), owning house, smoking, family size/income, tea drinking, consumption of citrus, meat, and green leafy vegetables. Conclusions: It was concluded that different sociodemographic variables and nutritional factors are significant detriments for Hb levels in Palestinian adolescents (14-22 yr). Interventional educational programs directed toward improving the dietary and nutritional issues among the adolescents is recommended. Keywords: Hemoglobin; Determinant factors, Socioeconomic; Demographic; Refugees.","PeriodicalId":93450,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health research and innovation","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73579655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Dissolution enhancement of drugs. part i: technologies and effect of carriers 药物溶出增强。第一部分:载体的技术与效果

International journal of health research and innovation Pub Date : 2010-06-09 DOI: 10.4314/IJHR.V2I2.55401

V. Saharan, Vipin Kukkar, M. Kataria, M. Gera, P. Choudhury

{"title":"Dissolution enhancement of drugs. part i: technologies and effect of carriers","authors":"V. Saharan, Vipin Kukkar, M. Kataria, M. Gera, P. Choudhury","doi":"10.4314/IJHR.V2I2.55401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJHR.V2I2.55401","url":null,"abstract":"For complete absorption and good bioavailability of orally \u0000administered drug, the drug must be dissolved in gastric \u0000fluids. Dissolution of drug is the rate-controlling step which \u0000determines the rate and degree of absorption. Drugs with \u0000slow dissolution rates generally show erratic and incomplete absorption leading to low bioavailability when administered orally. Since aqueous solubility and slow dissolution rate of BCS class II and class IV drugs is a major challenge in the drug development and delivery processes, improving aqueous solubility and slow dissolution of BCS Class II and Class IV drugs have been investigated extensively. Various techniques have been used in attempt to improve solubility and dissolution rates of poorly water soluble drugs which include solid dispersion, micronization, lipid based formulations, melt granulation, direct compaction, solvent evaporation, coprecipitation, adsorption, ordered mixing, liquisolid compacts, solvent deposition inclusion complexation \u0000and steam aided granulation. In these techniques carrier \u0000plays an important role in improving solubility and dissolution rate. Polymers, superdisintegrants, surfactants are extensively studied in recent years for dissolution enhancement in drugs. This part of this review discusses technological overview and effect of polymers, \u0000superdisintegrants and surfactants on dissolution \u0000enhancement of drugs while Part II [Int J Health Res, Sept \u00002009; 2(3)] describes the role and applications of \u0000cyclodextrins, carbohydrates, hydrotropes, polyglocolized \u0000glycerides, dendrimers, acids and miscellaneous carriers in \u0000enhancing dissolution of drugs. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Dissolution enhancement; aqueous solubility, \u0000water soluble carriers; BCS class II, excipients.","PeriodicalId":93450,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health research and innovation","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74316890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 103