IEEE journal of microwaves最新文献_第6页

A Conical-Scanning Microwave Limb Sounder for Atmospheric Measurements 用于大气测量的锥形扫描微波边缘测深仪

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3484352

Joe W. Waters;Nathaniel J. Livesey;Michelle L. Santee;Paul C. Stek;Richard E. Cofield;Peter H. Siegel;Jonathan H. Jiang;Qinbin Li;Gloria L. Manney;William G. Read;Duane E. Waliser;Dong L. Wu

{"title":"A Conical-Scanning Microwave Limb Sounder for Atmospheric Measurements","authors":"Joe W. Waters;Nathaniel J. Livesey;Michelle L. Santee;Paul C. Stek;Richard E. Cofield;Peter H. Siegel;Jonathan H. Jiang;Qinbin Li;Gloria L. Manney;William G. Read;Duane E. Waliser;Dong L. Wu","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2024.3484352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2024.3484352","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a novel scanning microwave limb sounder (SMLS) instrument that performs rapid and broad azimuth conical scans of Earth's limb while simultaneously scanning the limb in the vertical. This azimuthal scanning capability gives dramatic improvement in temporal and spatial coverage over that of previous limb sounding instruments. In a 1500-kilometer altitude, 52°-inclination Earth orbit, SMLS provides 6–8 vertical profile measurements separated by 1.9 hours every 24 hours everywhere between ±65° latitude, and 2–4 such measurements everywhere between ±(65–82°). Horizontal resolution is ∼50×50 km. Vertical resolution is ∼2 km for water vapor and cloud ice and ∼1–3 km for chemical species. In an equatorial orbit, emphasizing the tropics and subtropics, SMLS produces profile measurements every 1.9 hours everywhere between ±35° latitude. SMLS measurements address scientific issues of relevance to the upper troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and lower thermosphere regions of the atmosphere (heights from ∼10 km to ∼100 km).","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"4 4","pages":"836-846"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10767423","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Weather Radar as a Tool for Collecting Quantitative Data on Migrating Birds 气象雷达作为收集迁徙鸟类定量数据的工具

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3492150

Roberto Nebuloni;Carlo Capsoni

{"title":"The Weather Radar as a Tool for Collecting Quantitative Data on Migrating Birds","authors":"Roberto Nebuloni;Carlo Capsoni","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2024.3492150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2024.3492150","url":null,"abstract":"Radar observations have an important role in surveying bird migrations and the multifaceted links they have with human activities and environmental changes. Indeed, radars can detect birds at distances much beyond the visual range and at heights that cover the flight altitudes of most migrating birds. However, turning a radar sensor into a tool for quantitative measurements of birds in flight requires calibration, ad-hoc data sampling strategies, models of birds as radar targets and methods for extracting data from the raw radar echoes. This paper summarizes our experience in the observation of the seasonal migrations of birds in Northern Italy with an S-band weather radar. We present, as original results, an automatic procedure for extracting the features of individual bird echoes (e.g., the wingbeat frequency) from fixed-beam scans, as well as an electromagnetic bird model based on the observed echo signatures, which reproduces a full wingbeat cycle. Even though the standard products of operational weather radar networks are today much used for surveying bird movements over large spatial scales, specialized radars remain a unique tool for extracting high-quality data on the local habits of the avian fauna.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"4 4","pages":"906-918"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10767413","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remote Sensing of Ice Cloud Properties With Millimeter and Submillimeter-Wave Polarimetry 用毫米波和亚毫米波偏振法遥感冰云特性

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3487758

Dong L. Wu;Jie Gong;William R. Deal;Willian Gaines;Caitlyn M. Cooke;Giovanni De Amici;Peter Pantina;Yuli Liu;Ping Yang;Patrick Eriksson;Ralf Bennartz

{"title":"Remote Sensing of Ice Cloud Properties With Millimeter and Submillimeter-Wave Polarimetry","authors":"Dong L. Wu;Jie Gong;William R. Deal;Willian Gaines;Caitlyn M. Cooke;Giovanni De Amici;Peter Pantina;Yuli Liu;Ping Yang;Patrick Eriksson;Ralf Bennartz","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2024.3487758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2024.3487758","url":null,"abstract":"Ice clouds are poorly constrained in current global climate and weather models and have been used as a tuning parameter in the models to balance radiation budget at the top of atmosphere and precipitation at the surface. Sub-millimeter-wave (Submm) remote sensing can fill the sensitivity gap of cloud ice observations between visible/infrared (VIS/IR) and microwave (MW) frequencies. The added value from submm-wave bands has been recognized for achieving a better understanding of cloud, convection and precipitation (CCP) processes. Recent satellite observations at microwave frequencies showed promising results that additional information on cloud microphysical properties (e.g., ice particle shape and orientation) can be inferred from V-pol and H-pol radiances. Motivated by the added value from cloud polarimeters, a compact SWIRP (Submm-Wave and Long-Wave InfraRed Polarimeter) was developed under NASA's Instrument Incubator Program (IIP) to reduce instrument size, weight, power (SWaP) for future Earth science missions. Low-SWaP sensors like SWIRP will allow the cost-effective implementation of a distributed observing system to study fast cloud processes with the needed spatiotemporal sampling.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"4 4","pages":"847-857"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10758756","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High Efficiency Class-F Rectifier Based on Harmonic-Controlled Voltage Doubler With Extended Input Power and Frequency Range 基于宽输入功率和宽频率范围的谐波倍压高效率f类整流器

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3491812

Jaemin Shin;Juntaek Oh

{"title":"High Efficiency Class-F Rectifier Based on Harmonic-Controlled Voltage Doubler With Extended Input Power and Frequency Range","authors":"Jaemin Shin;Juntaek Oh","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2024.3491812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2024.3491812","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a highly efficient class-F rectifier based on a harmonic-controlled voltage doubler (HCVD) structure. Previous studies on voltage doubler-based class-F rectifiers, have primarily configured the harmonic termination network only at the RF input port and the DC output port. In this design, the proposed HCVD comprises a voltage doubler and T-shaped harmonic control network (HCN) connected to each diode of the voltage doubler. The T-shaped HCN can independently manipulate the 2nd and 3rd harmonics of the voltage and current across each diode, thus achieving high efficiency even at low input power compared to the input power with maximum efficiency. Since it can also move the input impedance of the HCVD to the load impedance by adjusting the widths of the three transmission lines without additional matching network, the proposed rectifier can achieve high efficiency across a wide input power and frequency range. The proposed rectifier was implemented with a size of 34.7 mm × 29.7 mm. The measurement results also show that it achieves a peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 79 % at 27.2 dBm of input power at 2.45 GHz. The measured PCE was maintained over 50% within an input power range of 6.9–30.0 dBm at 2.45 GHz and a frequency range of 1.55–2.75 GHz at 27 dBm of input power.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 1","pages":"130-136"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10755215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Class of Wideband Quadrature Coupled-Line Forward Couplers 一类新型宽带正交耦合线正向耦合器

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3480131

Henning Mextorf;Winfried Schernus

引用次数: 0

High-Power MHz to 100s of GHz Circuits and Systems for Nuclear Fusion Reactors With Examples From SST-1 and ITER 核聚变反应堆的大功率 MHz 至 100s GHz 电路和系统，以 SST-1 和 ITER 为例

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3477250

Kamal K. Samanta

{"title":"High-Power MHz to 100s of GHz Circuits and Systems for Nuclear Fusion Reactors With Examples From SST-1 and ITER","authors":"Kamal K. Samanta","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2024.3477250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2024.3477250","url":null,"abstract":"Nuclear fusion on earth is a highly complex and challenging multidisciplinary field that aims to solve the global energy puzzle by providing infinite energy with zero carbon emissions. Achieving controlled thermonuclear fusion requires high-power RF and microwave circuits and systems covering a broad frequency range from MHz to sub-THz to reach critical plasma temperature and current density parameters. These systems differ from conventional RF systems and are massive (length/weight: kms/tonnes), deliver high CW power, and must operate in harsh environments such as ultra-high vacuum (UHV), high thermal and radiation stresses, and plasma disruption forces. This paper discusses the essential requirements and importance of various radio frequencies in fusion reactors, such as ion cyclotron, electron cyclotron, and hybrid resonances. It overviews high-power CW (100 s kW to MWs) amplifiers/sources, circuits, and complete systems incorporating antenna arrays and covering MHz to 100 s of GHz with examples of the SST-1 and ITER tokamaks from a microwave engineering perspective. The paper also highlights material selection, design, fabrication, and implementation challenges and techniques for high-power amplifiers and systems. The subsystems incorporate large coaxial, rectangular, and circular corrugated waveguide lines and components with fluid cooling, gas pressurization and UHV compatibility. They launch TEM, TE10, and HE11 modes to rapidly fluctuating plasma loads through various antenna modules with real-time matching, positioning, and beam steering capabilities. The paper concludes by discussing the RF system requirements, status, schedule, and key technical challenges of ITER, the world's largest and most ambitious nuclear fusion-based reactor project.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"4 4","pages":"954-986"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10752787","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Compact Wideband Bandpass Filter With High Upper Stopband Rejection 一种新型紧凑型高阻带抑制宽带带通滤波器

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3482433

Qijun Lu;Jiawei Sun;Hao Zhang;Tao Zhang;Zhangming Zhu

引用次数: 0

Broadband Back-Short Transition From Waveguide to Thin Substrate-Integrated Waveguide in Multilayer Substrate in 270-GHz Band 从波导到薄衬底的宽带背短跃迁——270-GHz频段多层衬底集成波导

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3481629

Shumpei Kishi;Yoshiki Sugimoto;Kunio Sakakibara;Nobuyoshi Kikuma

引用次数: 0

Model-Order Reduction of Multistage Cascaded Models for Digital Predistortion 减少数字预失真多级级联模型的模型阶数

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3483458

Raúl Criado;Wantao Li;William Thompson;Gabriel Montoro;Kevin Chuang;Pere L. Gilabert

{"title":"Model-Order Reduction of Multistage Cascaded Models for Digital Predistortion","authors":"Raúl Criado;Wantao Li;William Thompson;Gabriel Montoro;Kevin Chuang;Pere L. Gilabert","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2024.3483458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2024.3483458","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the benefits of utilizing multistage cascaded (CC) behavioral models for digital predistortion (DPD) linearization of wideband high-efficiency power amplifiers (PAs). To reduce the computational complexity of these multistage CC behavioral models, a model-order reduction technique based on a greedy algorithm is proposed. The advantages of employing CC DPD models with gradient descent parameter identification, as opposed to single-stage DPD models with least squares parameter identification, are extensively demonstrated and analyzed. The trade-off among linearity, power efficiency and computational complexity is evaluated considering the linearization of a high-efficiency pseudo-Doherty load-modulated balanced amplifier (PD-LMBA). Using the proposed pruning strategy for CC DPD models, we demonstrate a significant reduction in the number of parameters needed to linearize the PD-LMBA. The PA operates at an RF frequency of 2 GHz and delivers a mean output power of 40 dBm with an approximately 50% power efficiency when driven by 5G new radio signals with up to 200 MHz bandwidth and an 8 dB peak-to-average power ratio.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 1","pages":"137-149"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10746384","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time-Transient Wireless RF Sensor With Differentiative Detection Capability in Ionic Aqueous Environment for Water Conservation and Green Cleaning 离子水环境中具有差异检测能力的瞬时无线射频传感器，用于节水和绿色清洁

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3484754

Sobhan Gholami;Emre Unal;Hilmi Volkan Demir

{"title":"Time-Transient Wireless RF Sensor With Differentiative Detection Capability in Ionic Aqueous Environment for Water Conservation and Green Cleaning","authors":"Sobhan Gholami;Emre Unal;Hilmi Volkan Demir","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2024.3484754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2024.3484754","url":null,"abstract":"A novel wireless microstrip-based RF sensor designed for detecting changes in the ionic content of water and the addition of solid contaminant objects is proposed and demonstrated for the purpose of water conservation and green cleaning. The sensor can be installed on the exterior wall of dielectric containers and customized according to the material of the container (such as porcelain) to enable wireless sensing inside the container. Its operation within the lower microwave frequency range (670–730 MHz) serves to minimize signal attenuation in water and streamline circuitry design. The most significant feature of this sensor is its unique design, rendering it impervious to its surrounding environment. This not only shields it from environmental noise but also maximizes its sensitivity by efficiently utilizing incoming power for sensing purposes. The sensor exhibits remarkable sensitivity, capable of detecting solute concentrations as low as 3.125 \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$ times$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 10\u0000<sup>-3</sup>\u0000 M in water inside the container. It can also detect the insertion of foreign solid objects into the container from the exterior wirelessly and distinguish them from liquids being added. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, the sensor in this study was built for a porcelain wall of 10-12 mm thickness. The sensor's small size and the materials used for its fabrication make it an ideal choice for various smart bathroom applications, where accurate and reliable water use monitoring is essential for efficient water conservation and green cleaning. The sensor's ability to distinguish between the added solid objects and liquid electrolytes in the container provides the necessary sensing data for running water-saving and efficient washing mechanisms in bathrooms.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"4 4","pages":"1001-1008"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10746386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0