{"title":"Photonic Stepped-Frequency Intensity Modulated Comb Terahertz Radar","authors":"Vladyslav Cherniak;Kevin Kolpatzeck;Jan C. Balzer","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3544017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3544017","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents an ultra-high repetition rate (UHRR) terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system with a unique capability – it functions as a close-range pulsed radar with micrometer precision and an unambiguous range (UR) of about 3 mm. To extend the UR, a stepped-frequency intensity modulated comb (s-FIMC) is introduced. This results in a hybrid radar system, where s-FIMC is employed to determine the distance to a target, while the THz-TDS signal is utilized to monitor changes in the target's position with micrometer precision. With a 10 GHz modulation bandwidth, a resolution of 15 mm, and a range accuracy of <inline-formula><tex-math>$pm$</tex-math></inline-formula>1.47 mm are achieved in s-FIMC mode. In the TDS mode, a range accuracy of <inline-formula><tex-math>$pm$</tex-math></inline-formula>15 <inline-formula><tex-math>$rm {mu }$</tex-math></inline-formula>m is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 2","pages":"399-408"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10931045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Journal of Microwaves Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3541904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3541904","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 2","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10930963","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruibin Gao;Yi Zhang;Zhijiang Dai;Weimin Shi;Mingyu Li;Shichang Chen;Jingzhou Pang
{"title":"Modified Three-Way Doherty Power Amplifier Design Using Simplified Transistor Model Assisted Optimization for Ultra-Wideband Applications","authors":"Ruibin Gao;Yi Zhang;Zhijiang Dai;Weimin Shi;Mingyu Li;Shichang Chen;Jingzhou Pang","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3545033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3545033","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design and realization of an ultra-wideband three-way Doherty power amplifier (DPA). A modified load modulation network (LMN) with very simple circuit structure is proposed to enhance the bandwidth of three-way DPAs. An equivalent transmission line (TL) network is employed to construct the proposed LMN, which absorbs the package and parasitic parameters of the active devices. Meanwhile, the complex combining load is also employed to further improve the broadband performance of the proposed three-way DPA. To streamline the design process for complex power amplifiers (PAs), we introduce a tailored, expedited approach that harnesses a simplified transistor behavioral model and corresponding design methodology. This methodology significantly diminishes the complexities associated with multi-way DPA designs, enabling the swift completion of initial design iterations. To validate the proposed circuit architecture and design strategy, a three-way DPA with a bandwidth spanning more than one octave is designed and fabricated using commercial Gallium Nitride (GaN) devices. The fabricated three-way DPA achieves efficiency higher than 46% at 6 dB output power back-off (OBO) throughout the band from 0.7 GHz to 2.3 GHz, with a small signal gain of 11.7–13.9 dB. At saturation, 43.9–46.4 dBm output power can be obtained with peak efficiency of 58.9–78.1% . The modulation signal test has also been completed with a 64 QAM signal which has a PAPR of 6.7 dB and a bandwidth of 10 MHz, ACPR better than −20.8 dBc has been achieved.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 3","pages":"711-725"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10930730","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Call for Papers—Announcing a New Special Issue: Microwaves in Medicine & Biology","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3568236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3568236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 3","pages":"750-750"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10994215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"95 GHz Indoor Propagation Measurement and 3GPP-Compatible Channel Model for Sub-THz Indoor Short-Range Communications","authors":"Yusuke Koda;Norichika Ohmi;Hiroaki Endo;Hiroshi Harada","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3562285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3562285","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a 95 GHz indoor channel measurement campaign for an ultra-wideband short-range communication scenario and proposes an intra-cluster stochastic channel generation procedure compatible with the well-known 3GPP stochastic channel model (SCM) for this use case with a larger bandwidth than 2 GHz. Recently, a 3GPP-compatible SCM for device-to-device (D2D) short-range communication in a bandwidth of 2 GHz has been developed at the 60 GHz band to provide a unified channel generation framework aligned with 3GPP-led cellular-type communications with lower bandwidth (e.g., 400 MHz typical for millimeter wave communications). This study aims to extend this framework for an upper band and larger bandwidth by defining the experimentally found large-scale parameters at 90–100 GHz while adjusting the intra-cluster subpath generation mechanism. To this end, we first conduct a wideband multipath channel measurement at 95 GHz center frequency with 4 GHz bandwidth in a simple conference room scenario as an exemplary environment of wideband short-range communication. Statistical characteristics of a complete set of large-scale parameters (LSPs) for running the 3GPP-compatible SCM are derived where LSP trends specific to D2D short-range communication scenarios in a small conference room and extendable from the recent 60 GHz measurements are observed. Moreover, we propose an unequal intra-cluster subpath generation procedure, serving as an additional adjustment for accurate channel generation for bandwidths greater than 2 GHz. Numerical evaluation reveals the feasibility of generating channel impulse responses capturing more accurate characteristics at both the large-scale level and intra-cluster level. Specifically, owing to the proposed adjustment, the statistical characteristics in the intra-cluster subpath well fit the results from our presented measurements.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 3","pages":"583-599"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10994203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Journal of Microwaves Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3561531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3561531","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 3","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10994216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Microwave Theory and Technology Society Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3561527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3561527","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 3","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10994206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the May 2025 Issue","authors":"Peter H. Siegel","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3563079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3563079","url":null,"abstract":"Our May issue contains eighteen technical articles spanning magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) induced heating, implantable medical devices, human skin modelling in the microwave region, energy harvesting for electric vehicles, fully integrated THz radar circuitry implemented in silicon germanium, millimeter-wave indoor communications modelling, synthetic aperture radar imaging techniques, photonic-based multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) radar, a MIMO emulator, rectifiers for wireless power transfer, microwave switches, amplifiers, power combiners, and optimization techniques. We close with a general article on analyzing arbitrarily shaped waveguide discontinuities. We would also like to bring your attention to a new special issue we are targeting for release in early 2026 on Microwaves in Medicine and Biology. You will find the call for papers at the end of our Table of Contents for this May issue.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 3","pages":"505-517"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10994205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Journal of Microwaves Table of Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3561533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3561533","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 3","pages":"C4-C4"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10994217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wantao Li;Raúl Criado;William Thompson;Gabriel Montoro;Kevin Chuang;Pere L. Gilabert
{"title":"GPU-Based Implementation of Pruned Artificial Neural Networks for Digital Predistortion Linearization of Wideband Power Amplifiers","authors":"Wantao Li;Raúl Criado;William Thompson;Gabriel Montoro;Kevin Chuang;Pere L. Gilabert","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3560420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3560420","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a feature selection technique based on <inline-formula><tex-math>$ell _{1}$</tex-math></inline-formula> regularization to select the most relevant weights of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for digital predistortion (DPD) linearization of wideband radio-frequency (RF) power amplifiers (PAs). The proposed pruning method is applied to the first hidden layer of a feed-forward real-valued time-delay neural network, commonly used for DPD purposes. In addition, this paper presents the ANN-based DPD implementation using a graphic processing unit (GPU) with compute unified device architecture (CUDA) units. Thanks to the proposed pruning strategy, it is possible to reduce the ANN complexity significantly, thereby achieving a higher data throughput with the GPU-based implementation. The trade-off among RF performance metrics, number of model parameters and throughput of the GPU implementation is evaluated considering the linearization of a high-efficiency pseudo-Doherty load modulated balanced amplifier (LMBA). The linearized PA operating at an RF frequency of 2 GHz delivers a mean output power of 40 dBm with approximately 50% power efficiency when excited with 5G new radio (NR) signals with up to 200 MHz bandwidth and an 8 dB peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). The real-time GPU implementation of the ANN-based DPD can meet the linearity specifications with a throughput circa 1 GSa/s.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 3","pages":"726-738"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10994208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}