IEEE journal of microwaves最新文献

Fast In-Phantom Absorbed Power Density Evaluation at mmWaves Based on Infrared Measurements

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2025.3539871

Massinissa Ziane;Artem Boriskin;Maxim Zhadobov

{"title":"Fast In-Phantom Absorbed Power Density Evaluation at mmWaves Based on Infrared Measurements","authors":"Massinissa Ziane;Artem Boriskin;Maxim Zhadobov","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3539871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3539871","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces a novel method for fast measurement of the absorbed power density (APD) induced by an electromagnetic field (EMF) emmitting device operating near the human body at frequencies above 6 GHz, taking into account antenna/body interaction. The method employs an infrared (IR) thermography to remotely monitor the heat induced in a reflectivity-based skin equivalent phantom designed to reproduce the EMF scattering properties of human skin and the APD inside the human body. Such a phantom, implemented in the form of a thin planar solid dielectric structure, perturbs the device under test in a similar way as it would be perturbed by the presence of the human body, allowing the absorbed microwave energy to be effectively converted into an IR signal. The heat dynamics and the spatial temperature distribution on the phantom surface are measured by an IR camera and then converted to APD by postprocessing. To enhance the sensitivity of the method and to minimize the effect of heat conduction, spectral filtering is used. The proposed method is validated at 60 GHz using reference antennas (i.e. a cavity-fed dipole array and a pyramidal horn loaded with a slot array). The measured APD is compared with the reference APD simulated in human skin. The high accuracy and significant measurement time reduction, compared to conventional RF-based APD evaluation techniques, demonstrate a promising potential of the proposed IR-based method for fast EMF dosimetry and user exposure compliance testing of millimeter-wave (mmWave) 5 G and 6 G wireless devices.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 2","pages":"269-280"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10930962","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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IEEE Microwave Theory and Technology Society Information

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2025.3541900

引用次数: 0

Novel Fabrication-Tolerant Resonator Design for mm-Wave Chipless RFID and Its Analytical Model

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2025.3540157

Yuting Zhao;Tao Jiang;Simone Genovesi;Giuliano Manara;Filippo Costa

{"title":"Novel Fabrication-Tolerant Resonator Design for mm-Wave Chipless RFID and Its Analytical Model","authors":"Yuting Zhao;Tao Jiang;Simone Genovesi;Giuliano Manara;Filippo Costa","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3540157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3540157","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a class of novel fabrication-tolerant resonator design for high-capacity chipless RFID tags. The proposed resonator is based on a high-quality-factor grounded dipole with a single etched slot of variable length. By controlling the slot length, the resonant frequency can be adjusted while exhibiting much lower sensitivity to design variables compared to conventional dipole resonators. This makes the design resilient to fabrication tolerances, a critical requirement for mm-wave frequency bands. This feature enables a two-step fabrication process: first, producing high-precision master tags (e.g., via roll-to-roll fabrication), and second, customizing them by etching slots using a flexible method like laser etching. The presence of a ground plane provides isolation from the tagged object, enabling application to diverse materials and geometries. An analytical model is derived to establish the relationship between slot length changes and resonant frequency shifts, enabling efficient design optimization. Sensitivity analysis shows the proposed resonator has a single parameter sensitivity of 0.008 (feasibility), and overall sensitivity of 0.04 (stability) under <inline-formula><tex-math>$pm 50;mutext{m}$</tex-math></inline-formula> fabrication tolerance, over two orders of magnitude and half lower than the sensitivity of 1 for conventional dipoles. The resonator design is validated through simulations and experiments, demonstrating its potential for high-capacity, fabrication-tolerant chipless RFID tags.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 2","pages":"305-311"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10931042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IEEE Journal of Microwaves Table of Contents

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2025.3541906

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Microwave Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection - A Comparison Between VNA and FMCW Radar

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2025.3541147

Martin Maier;Sebastian Paul;Milan Rother;Simona Di Meo;Marco Pasian;Joerg Schoebel;Vadim Issakov

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Monolithically-Integrated Bandpass Filters Using Capacitively-Loaded Intertwined Helical Resonators

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2025.3534018

Jose L. Medrán del Río;Armando Fernandez-Prieto;Jesus Martel;Christian Elmiger;Dimitra Psychogiou

{"title":"Monolithically-Integrated Bandpass Filters Using Capacitively-Loaded Intertwined Helical Resonators","authors":"Jose L. Medrán del Río;Armando Fernandez-Prieto;Jesus Martel;Christian Elmiger;Dimitra Psychogiou","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3534018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3534018","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel compact 3D bandpass filter (BPF) concept based on new classes of intertwined helical resonators. The concept is demonstrated by three unique RF filter architectures: a second-order single-band BPF, a second-order dual-band BPF, and a differential single-band BPF. The filter designs are based on coupled-resonator theory, and their implementation is performed using stereolithography apparatus (SLA) 3D printing to create monolithic, screwless structures with ultra-low weight (20–65 gr) and minimal loss. The proposed intertwined helical resonator-based BPF concept, which enables designs with compact size and large fractional bandwidth (FBW) with transmission zeroes (TZ), has been experimentally validated. Manufactured prototypes have demonstrated the following RF performance: single-band BPF: center frequency of 1.08 GHz, 3 dB FBW of 15.5%, and insertion loss (IL) of 0.08 dB; dual-band BPF: passbands centered at 0.84 GHz and 1.53 GHz, with a 3 dB FBW of 19% and 6.5% and IL of 0.2 dB and 0.55 dB, respectively; differential single-band BPF: center frequency of 0.78 GHz, 3 dB FBW of 4%, and IL of 0.87 dB. To the best of the author's knowledge, this work is the first approach to 3D-printed differential BPFs.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 2","pages":"476-486"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10931065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Introduction to the March 2025 Issue

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2025.3543478

Peter H. Siegel

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Depth Camera Motion Tracking for Motion Compensation and ISAR Imaging in Walk-Through Security Scanners

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2025.3543716

Konstantin Root;Ingrid Ullmann;Martin Vossiek

{"title":"Depth Camera Motion Tracking for Motion Compensation and ISAR Imaging in Walk-Through Security Scanners","authors":"Konstantin Root;Ingrid Ullmann;Martin Vossiek","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3543716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMW.2025.3543716","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the fusion of radar and depth camera for maintaining high-quality radar images in walk-through security scanners with significantly reduced array geometries. Therefore, after sensor calibration, the reconstruction volume is initially divided into sub-volumes and linked to the closest body part of a walking person being scanned. The depth camera's motion tracking provides the location and orientation of each body joint during the gait, allowing us to determine their trajectory and velocity. This information is then used to compensate for movement in the image reconstruction of each recorded radar frame. Afterwards, the motion compensated images are then superimposed to one ISAR image, considering the complete trajectory of the person. We conducted measurements with a <inline-formula><tex-math>$3.6 ,mathrm{G}mathrm{Hz}$</tex-math></inline-formula>-to-<inline-formula><tex-math>$10.6 ,mathrm{G}mathrm{Hz}$</tex-math></inline-formula> walk-through security scanner and a real person carrying various objects. Motion tracking with a depth camera shows promising results for both imaging approaches. In the motion-compensated images, small details became visible and focused compared to reconstruction results without applied motion compensation. The ISAR approach demonstrated effective alignment of individual frames into one superimposed image, producing a full-body image even with a reduced array dimension. While these results prove the benefit of the fusion of radar and depth camera, further investigations into array design are necessary, as object visibility is strongly affected by the selected array geometry for ISAR imaging. This fact could complicate the reliable detection of potential threat objects with a downsized imaging array.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 2","pages":"388-398"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10931064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Photonic Stepped-Frequency Intensity Modulated Comb Terahertz Radar

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2025.3544017

Vladyslav Cherniak;Kevin Kolpatzeck;Jan C. Balzer

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IEEE Journal of Microwaves Information for Authors

IF 6.9

IEEE journal of microwaves Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2025.3541904

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