British Poultry Science最新文献

{"title":"The Gordon Memorial Lecture: Steering the gut microbiome for improved health and welfare in broilers.","authors":"R Ducatelle, E Goossens, V Eeckhaut, F Van Immerseel","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2488014","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2488014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. In fast growing broilers, intestinal health is continuously under pressure due to extremely high feed intake and environmental/management conditions that cause (oxidative) stress to the intestinal epithelium.2. The following review focuses on the contributions of the Livestock Gut Health Team at Ghent University into understanding the mechanisms governing the interactions between the intestinal microbiota and the host intestinal mucosa. It covers the development of tools to support intestinal health of broilers through nutritional manipulation of the microbiota.3. In the duodenum and jejunum, microbiota are suppressed by the secretion of enzymes and antibacterial peptides in order to avoid competition for the nutrients. These defence mechanisms can be re-enforced and/or the epithelial cells can be protected from damage by different feed additives.4. Metabolism in the caecal microbial network is fuelled by the fibre fraction in feed. Whenever this network is incomplete or the feed is lacking fibre, this may lead to a distortion of the microbiota, followed by insufficient production of beneficial microbial metabolites, such as butyrate. This can contribute to inflammation and leakage of the gut barrier, with, in severe cases, wet litter, foot pad lesions and poor performance as common consequences. Reenforcing the caecal microbial network can be achieved using prebiotics, probiotics and postbiotics, which will improve the health and well-being of the birds.5. Steering towards optimal microbial fermentation will help to protect the birds from <i>Clostridium perfringens</i>-associated necrotic enteritis and <i>Salmonella</i> spp. colonisation since both interact with the intestinal microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"419-428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population genomics and transcriptomics identify patterns of selection in two Liangshan chicken breeds.","authors":"T Wang, Z Cai, X Bai, H Zhong, D Li, B Chen","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2454964","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2454964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. The global diversity of domestic chicken breeds, each exhibiting unique and specialised traits, offers a compelling context to explore how selection influences genetic variation patterns. China, with its myriad local chicken breeds, contributes significantly to this diversity.2. This study presents a population genome overview of genetic variations in 35 domestic chickens encompassing two distinct breeds from the Liangshan Prefecture in Sichuan Province. Through comparative genomic analysis of 17 red jungle fowls (RJF), genes associated with artificial selection in the Yanying and Luning chickens were identified. Further transcriptome comparison between these two breeds with Lohmann layers identified expression profiles of genes under selection.3. In total, 1,006 and 982 selected genes were identified in Yanying and Luning chickens, respectively, with 326 shared genes. These genes were primarily involved in immunity, energy metabolism, body size maintenance, and fertility. Transcriptomic analysis revealed tissue-specific gene expression, with Yanying showing immunity-related gene upregulation in ovaries compared to Lohmann chickens.4. These findings provide valuable insights into the genetic basis of breed-specific traits, offering potential targets for future breeding programmes to enhance chicken productivity and adaptability.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"458-467"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression profiles in follicular development in quail.","authors":"X Zhang, L Liu, Y Liu, Y Liu, J Yang","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2451263","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2451263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Ovarian follicle development is a key determinant of egg production in quail which is regulated by a dynamic and stage-specific genetic program. However, most follicle-related genes and miRNAs have not yet been identified in quail.2. This study applied transcriptome sequencing to dissect mRNA and miRNA expression patterns in quail ovarian follicles at distinct developmental stages: the pre-selection (SYF), the post-selection (F5) and the pre-ovulatory follicles (F1) in egg-laying birds. Comparative analyses identified 362 differentially-expressed mRNAs and 13 miRNAs in the F1 <i>vs</i>. F5 comparison, 549 and 72 in the F5 <i>vs</i>. SYF comparison and 1833 and 55 in the F1 <i>vs</i>. SYF comparison, respectively.3. Significant differentially-expressed mRNAs implicated in follicle development included <i>VCAN</i>, <i>FGFR3</i>, <i>ALDH1A1, NR0B1,ZP2</i> and <i>SMOC1</i>. Other significant miRNAs were represented by ga-miR-460b-5p, gga-miR-1552-5p, gga-miR-125b-5p, gga-miR-135a-5p, gga-miR-122-5p, gga-miR-29b-3p and ggga-miR-138-1-3p.4. Enrichment analyses using GO and KEGG databases highlighted the influence of the extracellular matrix (ECM), cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), TGF-β and calcium signalling pathways and the steroid synthesis pathway on follicular development.5. Additionally, the miRNA-mRNA interaction network pinpointed the regulatory roles of specific differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs), including gga-miR-1306-5p, gga-miR-133a-3p, gga-miR-133c-3p, gga-miR-214, gga-miR-214b-5p and gga-miR-34a-5p.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"439-452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of water acidifiers on the growth performance, intestinal function and gut microflora in broilers.","authors":"J Chen, S Guo, S Shi","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2454958","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2454958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. This study evaluated the effect of acidified drinking water on the gastrointestinal function and intestinal health of broilers.2. A total of 630 one-day-old male broilers (Arbor Acre) were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: drinking water treatment (CON), drinking water + 0.5 ml Selko pH®/L (Selko pH), or + 0.85 ml Forticoat®/L (Forticoat) treated groups. Performance data, gut and digesta samples were collected from the broilers at the age of 21 and 42 d.3. The results showed that acidifying drinking water had no significant effect on body weight or average daily gain (ADG). However, addition of Forticoat significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) throughout the experimental period and significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) pepsin activity on d 21. The Selko pH supplemented drinking water significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the relative length of the duodenum and jejunum on d 21. The relative length of the jejunum and caecum on d 42 compared to birds receiving CON. The addition of the Forticoat to drinking water significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the relative length of the jejunum and caecum on d 42 than for samples from birds in the CON group. In the caecal chyme, abundance of <i>Blautia</i>, <i>Bifidobasterium</i>, <i>Faecalibacterium</i>, <i>Limosilactobacillus</i> and <i>Akkermania</i> spp. on d 21 were significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the caecum of birds receiving Selko pH than those in CON group and the number of <i>Escherichia Shigella</i> in Selko pH and Forticoat group were significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05).4. Overall, adding Seiko pH and Forticoat to drinking water improved pepsin activity, reduced the number of caecal pathogens, increased the number of beneficial bacteria and improved intestinal health in broilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"570-577"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An innovative approach to emulsifier use in broiler feed affects nutrient digestion and growth performance in young broilers.","authors":"D Michels, S H E Verkempinck, K Vermeulen, R Spaepen, E Burton, D Scholey, A L Wealleans, T Grauwet","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2024.2440874","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2024.2440874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. This study evaluated the effect of oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion supplementation in feed compared to a conventional oil and emulsifier combination on fat and protein digestibility and growth performance in broiler chickens. The effects of this supplementation on macronutrient digestion kinetics were investigated through simulated <i>in vitro</i> digestion based on the broiler gastrointestinal tract.2. A total of 450 one-d-old Ross 308 chickens were assigned to one of the five dietary treatments consisting of nine replicates of 10 broilers each. The treatments included a control diet containing oil (3.25%) without emulsifiers, (NON-EM Low) or with a low emulsifier inclusion (0.10%), an EM Low diet supplemented with o/w emulsion using a low emulsifier concentration (3.25% oil; 0.10% emulsifier), a NON-EM High diet supplemented with oil (3.25%) and a emulsifier at high inclusion (0.65%) or a EM High diet supplemented with o/w emulsion using emulsifier at high inclusion (3.25% oil; 0.65% emulsifier). The feeding trial lasted 21 d using growing broilers.3. Body weight gain was higher in o/w emulsion diets EM Low and High compared to the other three diets. Fat digestibility at 21 d of age was not significantly different, although protein digestibility was lower in birds fed EM Low and EM High diets.4. <i>In vitro</i> digestion was substantially different in lipolysis, protein and starch hydrolysis kinetics. O/w emulsion supplementation reduced lag times in lipolysis and starch digestibility, and adding emulsifier altered the overall protein and lipid digestion kinetic behaviour.5. In conclusion, this study showed that o/w emulsion supplementation significantly improved broiler performance, most likely caused by differences in nutrient digestion kinetics in the starter phase. This research showed the potential of <i>in vitro</i> simulation to complement <i>in vivo</i> trials to understand digestion kinetics or to perform screening of potential diets before performing <i>in vivo</i> trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"547-557"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of spermidine on cuproptosis in follicular granulosa cells.","authors":"S Li, Y Qi, Y Qi, Z Wang, S Xu, T Xiao, Y Zhu, W Zheng, X Wang, D Jiang, B Kang","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2454962","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2454962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of spermidine on cuproptosis in granulosa cells of goose ovarian follicles. Granulosa cells from F2-F5 grade follicles of Sichuan white geese were isolated and cultured.2. Copper sulphate, spermidine and chloroquine were administered to granulosa cells (GC). The GC activity, intracellular Cu²⁺ content, antioxidant enzyme activity, expression levels of genes and proteins related to autophagy and cuproptosis were determined.3. The results showed that spermidine significantly decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential and Cu²⁺content (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and significantly increased the granulosa cell activity (<i>p</i> < 0.001). At the same time, spermidine significantly decreased the expression levels of ferredoxin 1 (<i>FDX1</i>) gene (<i>p</i> < 0.001), lipoylated-dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (Lip-DLAT) protein (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and increased the expression levels of <i>LC3</i> gene (<i>p</i> < 0.001). After the cells were treated with spermidine mixed with chloroquine for 8 h, the cells were treated with copper sulphate, and GC activity was significantly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The expression levels of <i>p62</i> and <i>FDX1</i> genes were significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and protein levels of LC3 and p62 were significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05).4. In summary, spermidine reduced ROS accumulation, improved mitochondrial membrane potential and increased granulosa cell activity. It alleviated copper sulphate-induced lipoylated protein aggregation and cuproptosis in GC by inducing autophagy. This suggested that spermidine has a broad application prospect in alleviating cuproptosis in GC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"539-546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide scanning for selection signatures in two autochthonous Anatolian chicken breeds.","authors":"E Demir, B Argun Karsli, D Özdemir, U Bilginer, H Doğru, S Kaya, V Atmaca, N Tufan, E Demir, T Karslı","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2528239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2025.2528239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) data were utilised to perform genome-wide scanning for selection signatures within Denizli (DNZ) and Gerze (GRZ) by a combination of runs of homozygosity (ROH) and Tajima's D index. The genome of native Anatolian chicken breeds was compared to commercial broiler (BROHIB) and layer (LAYHIB) lines <i>via</i> the <i>Rsb</i> approach to identify genomic regions associated with economically important traits.2. Tajima's D index-based selection signatures were detected in 269 and 772 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in DNZ and GRZ breeds, respectively, overlapped with 32 and 58 protein-coding genes. These genes were positioned within a ROH island, which indicated their fixation across the population.3. A literature review confirmed that numerous genes under selection in Anatolian chicken breeds were associated with environmental adaptation. These included thermo-tolerance (<i>HIKESHI</i> and <i>DINAJC13</i>), pathogen and disease resistance (<i>OTOGL, GRAP2, ACKR4, CDK1, LRRC3B, DLC1, TRMT9B, GULP1</i> and <i>ABL2</i>) as well as survival traits including hearing (<i>PTPRQ</i>), vocal learning (<i>GRIN2B</i>), vision (<i>ADAM22</i> and <i>LONRF1</i>) and reaction to fear (<i>TOR3A</i>). The results of comparative <i>Rsb</i> analysis revealed 10 (<i>DDAH1, BCL10, SYDE2, DNAI3, MCOLN3, MCOLN2, LAMA5, RPS21, CABLES2</i> and <i>RBBP8NL</i>) and three (<i>NRP1, ITGB1</i> and <i>EPC1</i>) genes common in native Anatolian chicken breeds and commercial hybrid lines implying that they are likely to affect economically important traits.4.This study confirmed that the genome of native Anatolian chicken breeds has been shaped by natural selection in response to adverse environmental conditions. Among detected genes, <i>GRIN2B</i> seems promising for explaining the genetic underpinnings of the long crowing characteristics of the DNZ breed since it is linked to vocalisation and learning ability in avian species.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eggshell colour affecting the safety and quality of Japanese quail eggs (<i>Coturnix coturnix japonica</i>).","authors":"M Ludoški, N Grković, B Suvajdžić, I Vićić, I Branković Lazić, T Baltić, N Čobanović","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2527225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2025.2527225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. This study determined the presence of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. on the shell of Japanese quail eggs of different colour and to examine effects of eggshell colour on the internal and external quality characteristics and chemical composition of eggs. A total of 360 Japanese quail eggs derived from the same farm (near Belgrade, Serbia) were divided into two groups based on shell colour: brown-spotted (<i>n</i> = 180) and blue (<i>n</i> = 180) eggs.2. Out of 360 Japanese quail eggs examined, <i>Salmonella</i> spp. was found on the shells of 12 samples (3.33%), all of which originated from blue quail eggs (6.67%).3. Blue quail eggs had higher egg weight, dirty eggs, egg width and E_{whole egg} value, but lower eggshell dirtiness score, percentage of normal-shaped eggs and eggshell thickness. Brown-spotted quail eggs had a higher albumen percentage and height, Haugh units, albumen index, yolk height, index and <i>L*</i> and <i>b*</i> value. Contrarily, blue quail eggs had higher albumen pH and width, yolk weight, percentage and width and <i>a*</i> value.4. A higher occurrence of meat and blood spots was detected in blue quail eggs. Blue quail eggs had higher content of proteins, fats, dry matter, ash, oleic acid, linoleic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and Σn-6. They had higher nutritive value index, hypocholesterolaemia/hypercholesterolemic index, <i>n</i>-6/n-3 ratio and PUFA/SFA ratio. Contrarily, brown-spotted quail eggs had higher content of moisture, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, elaidic acid and saturated fatty acids (SFAs), as well as higher atherogenic and thrombogenic index.5. In conclusion, brown-spotted quail eggs are safer for consumption and have higher internal and external quality characteristics, whereas blue quail eggs have more favourable chemical composition, fatty acid profile and lipid indexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2535164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2025.2535164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disposition kinetics and tissue residues of Lincomycin following intravenous, intramuscular and single and multiple oral dosing in domestic geese (<i>Anser anser domesticus</i>).","authors":"K Bourdo, C Fadel, M Giorgi, M Gbylik-Sikorska, A Matras, A Poapolathep, B Lebkowska-Wieruszewska","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2524711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2025.2524711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Lincomycin, a lincosamide antibiotic, is commonly used for treating necrotic enteritis and chronic respiratory disease caused by avian mycoplasmas. Given its similar use in other birds, it has the potential to be applied off-label in geese. 2. This study examined the pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of Lincomycin in 16 healthy adult male geese. The study consisted of four phases, each separated by a one-month 'washout' period. Geese received Lincomycin <i>via</i> intravenous (IV, 1 mg/kg), single intramuscular (IM, 15 mg/kg), single oral (PO, 50 mg/kg) and multiple oral (SID, 5 mg/kg for 7 d consecutively) routes. Blood and tissue samples were collected at specific intervals for analysis using a validated UHPLC-MS/MS method. 3. Following IV administration, the mean values t1/2, V_d, and Cl were at 4.19 h, 2727.16 ml/kg, and 451.26 ml/h/kg, respectively. For both extravascular routes, Lincomycin displayed a high bioavailability (109% IM; 95% single PO) and rapid absorption (MAT 0.42 h IM; 2 h single PO) in geese. Multiple oral doses showed no plasma accumulation, but tissue data revealed quantifiable concentrations at 72 h. The calculated preliminary WT were determined as 1 d for the muscles, and 4 d for the kidneys and liver. 4. Despite the promising PK profile, the administered doses were inadequate to sustain drug concentrations above the MIC₉₀ for certain target pathogens, indicating the need for further optimisation of treatment regimens, including combinations with spectinomycin, as practiced in other animal species.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}