British Poultry Science最新文献

{"title":"Effect of dietary post-biotic supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant status, immunity and gut health in broiler chickens.","authors":"B Sravanthi, S Raju, J Narasimha, S K Kunnath, N N Kumari","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2026.2714538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2026.2714538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation of a <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> post-biotic on growth performance, immune response, antioxidant status, gut microbial population and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens.2. A total of 144, one-day-old Vencobb-400F broiler chicks were randomly distributed into three dietary treatments, each with eight replicates containing six chicks, and reared in battery cages for 35 d.3. The control diet was without post-biotic supplementation, while the treatment diets contained 0.5 or 1 g/kg post-biotic. Growth performance, Newcastle disease antibody titre, caecal microbial counts, serum antioxidant indices and gut histomorphometry were recorded.4. Birds fed diets supplemented with post-biotics showed significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher body weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio compared to the control group, while feed intake remained unaffected.5. Newcastle disease antibody titres were significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in birds fed 1 g/kg post-biotic. Supplementation increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. counts and reduced (<i>p</i> < 0.05) <i>E. coli</i> populations in the caecum.6. Serum antioxidant enzymes were significantly elevated (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas lipid peroxidation and cortisol levels were significantly reduced in supplemented birds compared to control. Improvements in villi measurements were observed, although differences were mostly not significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a random regression model to estimate additive and non-additive genetic variance components for body weight traits in Japanese quail.","authors":"P Pishgari, M Rokouei, H Faraji-Arough, G R Dashab","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2026.2704213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2026.2704213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Estimating genetic parameters accurately is crucial in breeding programmes. Random regression models (RRM) are used to analyse longitudinal data or repeated records over time. The following study genetically evaluated body weight traits of quail using different regression models that considered dominance effects, as well as direct additive genetic effects, maternal effects and the bird's permanent environment.2. For this purpose, 30 363 body weight records from 3836 quails aged between 1 and 45 d were used with a 5‑d recording interval. After editing, the data were analysed using various random regression models (RRM), each varying in terms of the number of effects and the order of Legendre polynomials. The appropriate model was selected using the log-likelihood, Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), variance components and genetic parameters of body weight traits at different ages were estimated.3. The results of the model comparison showed that the model containing direct additive genetics (4th order), maternal genetics (3rd order), the bird's permanent environment (1st order) and dominance (1st order) was deemed suitable. Maternal permanent environment did not have a significant effect on body weight. The increasing trend of variance components was observed with bird age, although they were different in terms of relative increase.4. Heritability of body weight traits was estimated to range from 0.151 to 0.639. The ratio of maternal genetic, bird's permanent environment and dominance to the phenotypic variance of body weight traits was high in early ages, but decreased in later ages. Estimated correlations for ages older than 20 d were higher than those for younger birds.5. The results indicated that permanent environment, maternal genetics and dominance effects should be considered in the model to accurately estimate genetic parameters. Additionally, body weight at 20 d of age can serve as a selection criterion to enhance body weight at older ages, given its strong correlation with later body weight traits and high heritability.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of tannic acid and chitosan supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant status, immune function, and caecal microbial diversity of Pekin duck aged 0 to 21 days.","authors":"Z C Zou, X Q Jiang, Y L Zeng, H T Yuan, Y S Wang","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2026.2699735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2026.2699735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Tannic acid (TA) and chitosan (CH) are natural compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory bioactivities. This study evaluated the effects of dietary TA, CH and their combination on White Pekin ducks aged 0 to 21 d.2. A total of 336 one-day-old Pekin ducks were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments with six replicate cages per treatment and 14 birds per cage. The treatments included a basal diet (CON), CON +0.2% TA, CON +0.2% CH and CON +0.2% TA + 0.2% CH. The trial lasted 21 d.3. Dietary supplementation with 0.2% TA alone increased average daily gain (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while 0.2% CH decreased thymus weight and thymus index (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Both TA and CH alone improved serum antioxidant status and immunoglobulin levels, but their combination did not give any synergistic effects.4. All supplemented diets modified caecal microbial community structure, which significantly reduced the relative abundance of <i>Proteobacteria</i> at the phylum level and <i>Desulphovibrio</i> at the genus level (<i>p</i> < 0.05).5. In conclusion, 0.2% TA alone improved growth performance, while 0.2% CH alone enhanced antioxidant and immune function in 0-21 d Pekin ducks. The combination of TA and CH showed no synergistic benefits. Both compounds beneficially modulated caecal microbiota by inhibiting potentially harmful taxa. These results indicated that single supplementation of TA or CH is more suitable for Pekin duck production.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perch-based enrichment and broiler growth, welfare and behaviour.","authors":"B F Sevinç, B Yılmaz Dikmen","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2026.2623990","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2026.2623990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. This study examined the impact of perch-based enrichment on the growth performance, welfare and behavioural parameters of broilers. A total of 180, one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were used in this study. The experiment was conducted using six pens in a commercial broiler house, each with three deep litter systems and three perch-based enriched systems.2. Both rearing systems had similar effects on final body weight, final body weight gain, cumulative feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and mortality rate (<i>p</i> > 0.05).3. The broilers in the deep litter system had worse hock burn (<i>p</i> = 0.000) and gait score (<i>p</i> = 0.052) than the enriched system.4. Plumage cleanliness, body wounds, toe damage, foot pad and bumble foot lesions and tonic immobility reaction had similar effects on both systems (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The investigated behaviours were similar in both systems (<i>p</i> > 0.05).5. In conclusion, perch-based enrichment had no significant effects on broiler growth performance, behaviour or most welfare indicators. However, perch-based enrichment improved hock burn and tended to improve gait.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"687-693"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146257700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monochromatic and combined LED lighting programmes: effects of growth performance, carcase yield and meat quality in broiler chickens.","authors":"M Kaya, E Dereli Fidan","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2026.2624749","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2026.2624749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Light wavelength is a key environmental factor influencing broiler growth, feed efficiency and meat quality. This study evaluated the effects of monochromatic (white, blue, green) and combined (white-blue-green, blue-green-blue, green-blue-green) LED lighting regimens on growth performance, carcase yield and breast meat characteristics in Ross 308 broilers. White (400-770 nm), blue (450-470 nm) and green (520-570 nm) LED lamps were used throughout the 42-d trial. Light intensity was standardised at 20 lux photopic illuminance at bird-head level and verified daily using a calibrated digital luxmeter.2. A total of 216 male chicks were allocated to 6 treatments (three replicates; 12 birds/pen). Growth traits were monitored across the starter, grower and finisher phases; carcase yield and meat quality (pH, colour, cooking loss and water-holding capacity) were assessed post-slaughter.3. Sequential green-blue lighting regimens (GBG and BGB) significantly improved body weight and FCR compared with monochromatic white light (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Although breast yield decreased under blue light alone, this effect was not observed under combined regimens. Meat quality traits were largely unaffected, although redness increased and cooking loss decreased under green-blue combinations.4. Phase-specific green-blue LED lighting programmes can enhance broiler productivity and energy efficiency without compromising carcase yield or meat quality, representing a practical and welfare-compatible strategy for sustainable poultry production.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"694-701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146257650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sacha inchi (<i>Plukenetia volubilis</i> L.) oil inclusion in slow-growing broiler diets: impacts on performance, serum biochemistry, carcass, meat quality and fatty acid profile.","authors":"O Nguyen Cong, J-L Hornick, D V Nguyen","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2026.2625883","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2026.2625883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. The objective of this trial was to examine the effect of Sacha inchi oil (SIO), extracted from local nut sources common to the Amazon region, in broiler diets. The oil was substituted for soybean oil (SBO) within diets of slow-growing broilers and the effects on growth performance, carcass traits, serum biochemistry, objective meat quality and meat fatty acid profile were assessed.2. A total of 400, mixed sex, 56 d old, crossbred Ho × Luong Phuong broilers were randomly allocated to one of four experimental diets: a control diet (CON) containing 4.5% SBO and three experimental diets with SIO at substitution levels of 33.3% (SI1), 66.7% (SI2) and 100% (SI3) instead of SBO for a feeding period of 56 days. Each diet was replicated in four replicated pens of 25 birds, comprising two pens of males and two pens of females.3. Growth variables were recorded every two weeks. Blood samples were collected <i>via</i> puncture of the brachial vein one day prior to the completion of the experiment to determine serum biochemical indices. At the end of the study, four birds per pen were humanely slaughtered to evaluate carcass traits and breast samples were collected for assessments of meat technological quality and fatty acid profile.4. The inclusion of SIO increased the proportion of <i>n</i>-3 PUFA, lowered the <i>n</i>-6/n-3 PUFA ratio and cholesterol content in breast muscle and reduced serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels, without detrimental effects on growth, carcass traits or meat quality variables.5. The results demonstrated that SIO is a promising alternative lipid source for improving the nutritional value of poultry meat without adversely affecting productive performance or carcass characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"897-906"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147364001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytase superdosing in broiler diets containing animal-derived protein: effects on performance, bone mineralisation and nutrient metabolisability.","authors":"R A R de Léo, J K Valentim, R de Sousa Ferreira, A A Almeida, M R S de Farias, M I Hannas","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2026.2630724","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2026.2630724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. This study evaluated the effects of phytase superdosing in broiler chicken diets based on corn, soybean meal and meat and bone meal on performance, carcass yield, pectoral myopathies, bone mineral composition and the metabolisability of energy and nutrients.2. Two experiments were conducted: one focused on performance and the other on nutrient metabolism. In both experiments, birds were randomly assigned to a completely randomised experimental design. The performance trial included 1600 male Cobb 500 broilers, whereas the metabolism trial included 480 birds of the same strain. In the performance trial, birds were allocated to one of eight treatments with 10 replicates of 20 birds per experimental unit from 1 to 42 d of age. In the metabolism trial, each experimental unit consisted of six birds. Linear and quadratic regression analyses were performed to estimate the optimal phytase supplementation level.3. Higher phytase inclusion levels, particularly 2000 phytase units/kg feed, resulted in greater weight gain and better feed conversion ratio. Diets supplemented with 2000 and 2500 phytase units/kg caused the highest calcium and phosphorus concentrations in tibia bones.4. In the nutrient metabolisability trial, phytase supplementation promoted linear increases in metabolisability coefficients for gross energy, organic matter and zinc, along with linear reductions in excreted mineral matter and zinc.5. Overall, phytase superdosing, especially at 2000 and 2500 phytase units/kg, enhanced broiler performance, increased bone mineral deposition, improved nutrient metabolisability by 7 to 29% and reduced phosphorus excretion by up to 31.6%.6. These findings demonstrated that high-dose phytase can be an effective strategy to improve feed efficiency and nutrient utilisation in broiler diets containing mixed phosphorus sources, including animal-derived ingredients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"907-918"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147364039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis of pigeon retina and pineal gland illuminated with red light.","authors":"W Li, H Zhang, H Zhang, J Chen, D Miao, C Zhang, Y Wang","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2605496","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2605496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. This study investigated the transcriptomic expression of the pigeon retina and pineal gland when exposed to red light (RL). Light is a crucial environmental factor influencing poultry production, physiology and behaviour. Different wavelengths of light have distinct effects on photoreceptors, including those in the retina and pineal gland, ultimately regulating various production benefits.2. Using transcriptome sequencing, this trial examined the gene expression profiles of the retina and pineal gland of White King pigeons exposed to either red light (RL; 660 nm) or White light (WL; 400-760 nm) for 6 months. In total, 12 RNA-seq libraries were constructed and sequenced on an Illumina Novaseq 6000 platform. This identified 2305 and 635 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in the retinal and pineal gland, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed a total of 466 and 235 GO terms were identified in retina and pineal gland (<i>p</i> < 0.05).3. In these two tissues, three common GO terms were identified, including nervous system development, glutamatergic synapse and structural constituent of ribosome. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that DEG in retina were enriched in pathways related to metabolism, genetic information processing and environmental information processing. However, DEG in the pineal gland were enriched for hormone metabolism and retinol binding.4. Through integrated analysis of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway maps, four DEG (optic protein-related genes <i>OPN5</i> and <i>EGR1</i> in retina, melatonin-related genes <i>SNAT</i> and <i>ASMT</i> in pineal gland) were identified, which play crucial roles and affected breed performance between RL and WL. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms by which RL modulates the transcriptome of pigeon retina and pineal gland, potentially influencing poultry production and physiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"761-768"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145951556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic roles of citric and formic acids and their salts on broiler health and performance.","authors":"A Samy, H M A Hassan, H M R Elsherif","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2606833","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2606833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Organic acids have shown promise as safe and natural growth enhancers when added to broiler diets. 2. The current study aimed to assess how adding organic acids and their salts (OA+S) affected the intestinal microbiota, growth performance, antioxidant status and blood biochemical markers in broiler chickens.Four groups, each consisting of 90 chicks divided into six replicates (15 chicks per replicate), were randomly selected from 360 one-day-old chicks with similar initial body weights. 3. Birds fed a basal diet and received either: T1 (no addition; CTRL), T2 (1.5 g/kg feed formic acid + sodium formate, FFA), T3 (1.5 g/kg citric acid + sodium citrate, CCA) or T4 (0.75 g/kg each of FFA and CCA, MIX).Broilers fed MIX had the best BWG and FCR (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05).4. All treatments significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) improved performance compared to the control group. Antioxidant enzyme concentrations were higher in broiler chicks administered a combination of OA and their salts (FFA and CCA) relative to CTRL. 5. The levels of creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were not affected (<i>p</i> > 0.05) among all groups.6. The addition of FFA significantly elevated thyroid hormone levels (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05); however, they remained within the normal range. 7. Feeding MIX enhanced immune responses to avian influenza H5, H9 and Newcastle disease ND titre compared to birds fed CTRL. 8. <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. and total bacterial counts were higher in the FFA supplemented group than in CTRL.9. Broilers fed FFA had enhanced growth, better antioxidant status, improved gut microbiome and improved serum biochemical indicators, making it a safe and effective alternative to conventional antimicrobial growth promoters.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"801-811"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145932180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High inclusion of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> in broiler diets improves feed efficiency and liver n‑3 fatty acid profile: effects of extrusion and enzyme super-dosing.","authors":"A R Mendes, O Madacussengua, C F Martins, D F P Carvalho, M P Spínola, R M A Pinto, M M Costa, J M Pestana, J I Ferreira, A M Fontes, A A M Chaves, P Ferreira, A J Davis, M P Mourato, A M de Almeida, M Lordelo, J A M Prates","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2606838","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2025.2606838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> (<i>C. vulgaris</i>) is a highly nutritious and sustainable feed ingredient, but its rigid cell wall limits nutrient availability and digestibility.2. To evaluate the effects of incorporating <i>C. vulgaris</i> at 15% dietary inclusion in broiler diets during a three-week finishing period (days 14-35), four experimental diets were tested: a control maize-soybean meal diet (CON), a 15% <i>C. vulgaris</i> diet (CHL), a 15% <i>C. vulgaris</i> plus 0.30% pancreatin diet (CHLENZ) and a 15% extruded <i>C. vulgaris</i> diet (CHLEXT).3. Growth performance, haematological variables, blood biochemistry, hepatic lipid, pigment and mineral contents were analysed. To date, no study has explored the effects of <i>C. vulgaris</i> at this inclusion level on broiler plasma metabolites and hepatic lipid composition, either extruded or supplemented with super-dosing pancreatin, both aimed at enhancing nutrient utilisation.4. All <i>C. vulgaris</i> diets maintained or improved growth performance, with CHLEXT significantly enhancing final body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Most haematological markers were unaffected, although extrusion lowered granulocyte and elevated lymphocyte counts relative to CHL and CHLENZ. Biochemical changes included reduced triacylglycerol levels and elevated glucose in all microalga-fed groups. Additionally, creatine levels were reduced in the CHL and CHLENZ groups compared to the CON group. Hepatic fatty acid profile showed reduced <i>n-6/n-3</i> polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio in all <i>C. vulgaris-fed</i> groups. Mineral content showed a decrease in hepatic magnesium in the CHLEXT group compared to the CON group.5. A 15% dietary inclusion of <i>C. vulgaris</i> is nutritionally viable and metabolically beneficial for broilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"812-826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145951548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}