{"title":"Understanding demolition","authors":"Satu Huuhka","doi":"10.5334/bc.398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.398","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights This special issue explores when, why and how demolition occurs with the aim to understand its environmental, socio-economic and cultural drivers, and consequences in policy and practice alike. Based on previous research, demolition is known to have many adverse effects. The potential for avoiding building replacement (demolition and subsequent new build) and favouring retention is also in this special issue’s interest. The papers in the issue contribute insights from different scales, from the level of a building to that of a city. As a whole, the articles touch upon all types of impacts, i.e. environmental, economic and socio-cultural aspects. Eight case studies from various contexts, mainly Europe, but also the US and Australia, contribute novel methods, findings and policy insights. This editorial sets the need and background for research into demolition, classifies the included papers to three categories, explains their contributions to research and practice, and outlines outstanding research gaps and agenda for further research. The papers are categorised as: (1) drivers and policies on demolition versus retention; (2) environmental and social impact assessment at building level; and (3) practical demolition decision-making. The contributions suggest, among other findings, positive environmental impacts from building retention as opposed to demolition, and discuss how policy designs from the city to the building level can either encourage or discourage retention. Due to its implications, many of which remain understudied, demolition and its alternatives should gain importance on research, design, planning, construction and real estate agendas in the years to come.","PeriodicalId":93168,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & cities","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135447089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data politics in the built environment","authors":"Andrew Karvonen, Tom Hargreaves","doi":"10.5334/bc.394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.394","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights Buildings and cities are increasingly being reconfigured and re-imagined by flows of data. Smart homes and cities, digitally networked infrastructure services, shared mobility programmes and autonomous vehicles, surveillance and security systems, and urban control centres are a few of the many examples of how data are emerging as an influential driver of urban development processes. The aim of this special issue is to enhance our collective understanding of the practices, politics and power implications of data-driven buildings and cities. How are data generated, metabolised and gathered in the built environment? Who designs and governs these data flows, and to what end? Who and what are enrolled in the datafication of buildings and cities? What forms and types of data are collected, and what is ignored in data flows at and across different scales? What are the broader implications for social justice and equity? This editorial overviews the main issues of data politics for buildings and cities, summarises the four articles that comprise this special issue, and concludes with recommendations for policy, design and future research. While the contributors identify multiple negative aspects of datafication, they also suggest pathways to inform more progressive and emancipatory futures.","PeriodicalId":93168,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & cities","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134981620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuhao Lu, C. Girling, Nicholas Martino, Juchan Kim, R. Kellett, Jon Salter
{"title":"Climate action at the neighbourhood scale: Comparing municipal future scenarios","authors":"Yuhao Lu, C. Girling, Nicholas Martino, Juchan Kim, R. Kellett, Jon Salter","doi":"10.5334/bc.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.275","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93168,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & cities","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The relevance of cut-stone to strategies for low-carbon buildings","authors":"Timothée de Toldi, Tristan Pestre","doi":"10.5334/bc.278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.278","url":null,"abstract":"A systemic and configurable model for evaluating the global warming potential (GWP) of cut-stone building materials on the French market is developed and then used to benchmark performances against available low-carbon alternatives (cross-laminated timber (CLT) and slag concrete), for which ranges of GWP allocation models (regulatory and research-driven methods) are used to evaluate underlying uncertainties. Cut-stones stand out for their compliance to three key emission profile criteria in which industrial ecology roadmaps should anchor incentives for material selection: (1) a low margin of uncertainty on GWP values, (2) invariability of GWP magnitudes through time and (3) a high comparative performance with available alternatives. Assuming typically implemented load-bearing wall thicknesses (industry averages of 13, 20 and 24 cm for CLT, concretes and cut-stone, respectively) and high-probability scenarios for all materials, cut-stone assemblies are shown to be 1.43 and 2.73 times less impactful (GWP 100 ) than CLT and slag concrete, respectively. Potential impacts of industrial applications at the parc scale are studied, showing that implementing cut-stone instead of concrete walls on 30% of new French collective housing projects over the 2025–50 period would result","PeriodicalId":93168,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & cities","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disruptive data: historicising the platformisation of Dublin’s taxi industry","authors":"James White, Stefan Larsson","doi":"10.5334/bc.293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.293","url":null,"abstract":"Social and economic change in the built environment is increasingly driven by processes of datafication. These often find expression through smart phone apps and private platforms that seek to upset the status quo by mediating consumer and producer interactions, and by monetising the data these produce. This paper uses the practice-oriented concept of ‘disruptive data’ to draw attention away from specific technologies and towards the broader political economic logics that underlie them. In so doing, disruption is reframed as a capitalist strategy for creating and capitalising on uncertainty. The rapid change to Dublin’s taxi industry over the past decade illustrates these dynamics. By following how ride-hailing apps, most notably Hailo, were introduced into and effected the city, the importance of regulatory context but also wider flows of data and capital are stressed. Data disruptions occur not at the level of the app or platform, but at the economic relations in which they are embedded. By paying attention to the historical details of data disruption, the specificities of change processes are revealed without losing track of their broader economic function. Policy relevance This research will be of interest to policymakers for explaining local-level innovation. The dominant narrative of disruption presents innovation as a technology-driven change process, dependent upon individual brilliance and breakthrough. However, what occurred in the Dublin taxi industry does not confirm this narrative. Instead, the Irish government regulated the market of drivers, and the infrastructural limits of the bus and taxi lanes encouraged some ride-hailing apps while discouraging others. This tight coupling between technology and its context is indicative of a change process of continuation rather than disruption, which is more amenable to government steering. Disruption certainly did occur in Dublin, but not as a result of individual innovation. Following the ride-hailing apps past their moment of market entrance to their poorly executed attempts to scale-up reveals the corporate and financial interests that oversee and capitalise upon data disruption.","PeriodicalId":93168,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & cities","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136201960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transformational climate actions by cities","authors":"Kimberley R. Slater, John B. Robinson","doi":"10.5334/bc.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.285","url":null,"abstract":"s will be reviewed by the editors to ensure a varied, yet integrated selection of papers around the topic of the special issue. Authors of accepted abstracts will be invited to submit a full paper (6000-7500 words including abstract and references), which will be subject to a double-blind review process. Timeline Deadline for abstract submission 15 December 2021 Full papers due 11 April 2022 (NB: authors can submit sooner if they wish) Referees' comments July 2022 Final version due October 2022 Special issue publication January 2023 (NB: papers are published as soon as accepted) About Buildings & Cities Buildings & Cities is an international, open access, double-blind peer-reviewed research journal. Its focus is the interactions between buildings, neighbourhoods and cities by understanding their supporting social, economic and environmental systems. More information including its Aims & Scope and Editorial Board can be found online: www.buildingsandcities.org & published papers are found here: https://journal-buildingscities.org Questions? If you have a question, please contact: John Robinson johnb.robinson@utoronto.ca, Kim Slater kim.slater@mail.utoronto.ca or Richard Lorch richard@rlorch.net References C40 Cities Climate leadership Group and ARUP (2019). Deadline 2020. https://www.c40.org/researches/deadline-2020 C40 Cities (2021). C40 Annual Report. https://c40-productionimages.s3.amazonaws.com/other_uploads/images/2827_C40_Annual_Report_2020_vMay2021_lightfile.original.pdf?1622806882 Guyadeen, D., Thistlethwaite, J. & Henstra, D. (2019). Evaluating the quality of municipal climate change plans in Canada. Climatic Change, 152, 121–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-018-2312-1 Horney, J., Nguyen, M., Salvesen, D., Dwyer, C., Cooper, J., & Berke, P. (2017). Assessing the quality of rural hazard mitigation plans in the southeastern United States. J Plan Educ Res, 37, 56–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X16628605 New Climate Institute, Data-Driven Lab, PBL, German Development Institute/Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford (2019). Global climate action from cities, regions and businesses: Impact of individual actors and cooperative initiatives on global and national emissions. 2019 edition. Research report prepared by the team of: Takeshi Kuramochi, Swithin Lui, Niklas Höhne, Sybrig Smit, Maria Jose de Villafranca Casas, Frederic Hans, Leonardo Nascimento, Paola Tanguy, Angel Hsu, Amy Weinfurter, Zhi Yi Yeo, Yunsoo Kim, Mia Raghavan, Claire Inciong Krummenacher, Yihao Xie, Mark Roelfsema, Sander Chan, Thomas Hale. Retrieved on July 8, 2021, from, https://newclimate.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Report-Global-Climate-Actionfrom-Cities-Regions-and-Businesses_2019.pdf Markolf, S., Azevedo, I.M.L., Muro, M., & Victor, D.G. (2020). Pledges and progress: Steps toward greenhouse gas emissions reductions in the 100 largest cities across the United States. Brookings Institute. https://www","PeriodicalId":93168,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & cities","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Urban data: harnessing subjective sociocultural data from local newspapers","authors":"Filipe Mello Rose, Juiwen Chang","doi":"10.5334/bc.300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.300","url":null,"abstract":"As data-based governance becomes mainstream, social and cultural interactions that characterise urban life are at risk of being ignored in decision-making practices if only supposedly objective, quantifiable data are used. In this context, this article conceptualises subjective sociocultural data as a data form that considers a city’s intangible and unquantifiable social and cultural aspects. A methodology is proposed for collecting and using subjective sociocultural data by highlighting local press articles as a potential data source. A pilot application conducted in Hamburg, Germany, demonstrates a potential integration of subjective sociocultural data into urban planning processes by analysing over 2500 local newspaper articles. The findings reveal that local journalism can be a data source for understanding diverse social and cultural interactions between citizens and urban places. This street-level information from local newspaper articles can (1) provide urban planners with an overview of newspaper mentions of any specific urban areas, (2) support the identification of local debates, and (3) aid in the observation of emerging places of sociocultural interactions. This approach can support the diverse government and non-government stakeholders engaged in data-based governance to better account for intangible sociocultural aspects of urban life.","PeriodicalId":93168,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & cities","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Demolition or adaptation?: post-industrial buildings in Ukraine","authors":"I. Serhiiuk, Iida Kalakoski","doi":"10.5334/bc.307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.307","url":null,"abstract":"Three case studies are presented that assess the post-industrial development of industrial sites in Ukraine. The comparative analysis is based on (1) the geographical location on the territory of the country (Ivano-Frankivsk, Poltava, Kharkiv), (2) the functional transformation of the buildings (from the initial functions to new ones), and (3) the impact on the further development of the urban environment (in urban planning, economic, environmental and social security directions). These sites are considered as post-Soviet architectural heritage, which have been overlooked by the society and positioned as dissonant and controversial. The stereotypical perceptions concerning industrial sites are examined in order to rethink their status in the future. The research shows that the question of industrial heritage is manifold and cannot be solved without understanding the complexity and uniqueness of each individual case.","PeriodicalId":93168,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & cities","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing social value in housing design: contributions of the capability approach","authors":"Jean-Christophe Dissart, Leonardo Ricaurte","doi":"10.5334/bc.328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.328","url":null,"abstract":"A conceptualisation of social value in the built environment is provided from the perspective of the capability approach (CA). The CA is a theoretical framework that has been used to assess inequality and poverty, particularly in less-developed countries; its multidimensionality and flexibility make it a useful approach in advanced economies as well. The CA can be a theoretical underpinning to assess the social value created in the built environment, particularly in its spatial dimension. Its use is explored to assess the design features of housing schemes and the wider environment as a fundamental conversion factor in creating capabilities and achieving valued functionings. In addition to theoretical considerations, a capability-based assessment of social value is presented for housing design. Practice relevance The CA offers a promising approach to architects, designers and policymakers. The core idea of expanding the freedoms and opportunities of inhabitants in terms of capabilities can serve as a guiding principle for creating social value through housing design. Key themes from the Quality of Life Foundation’s Quality of Life Framework can be harnessed to define social value in housing: control, health, nature, wonder, movement and community. This illustrates the links between social value and capabilities, focusing on spatial relationships and scales. A CA-based assessment of social value is presented that can assist practitioners.","PeriodicalId":93168,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & cities","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136257113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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