Assessing social value in housing design: contributions of the capability approach

Abstract

A conceptualisation of social value in the built environment is provided from the perspective of the capability approach (CA). The CA is a theoretical framework that has been used to assess inequality and poverty, particularly in less-developed countries; its multidimensionality and flexibility make it a useful approach in advanced economies as well. The CA can be a theoretical underpinning to assess the social value created in the built environment, particularly in its spatial dimension. Its use is explored to assess the design features of housing schemes and the wider environment as a fundamental conversion factor in creating capabilities and achieving valued functionings. In addition to theoretical considerations, a capability-based assessment of social value is presented for housing design. Practice relevance The CA offers a promising approach to architects, designers and policymakers. The core idea of expanding the freedoms and opportunities of inhabitants in terms of capabilities can serve as a guiding principle for creating social value through housing design. Key themes from the Quality of Life Foundation’s Quality of Life Framework can be harnessed to define social value in housing: control, health, nature, wonder, movement and community. This illustrates the links between social value and capabilities, focusing on spatial relationships and scales. A CA-based assessment of social value is presented that can assist practitioners.