British Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"COSMYC: a Core Outcome Set for MYopia clinical trials with Children and young people.","authors":"Annegret Dahlmann-Noor, Megan Jacobson, Lily Islam, Sarah Gorst, Helen Baker, Nick Freemantle, Carol Rivas, Augusto Azuara-Blanco","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2026-330475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2026-330475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Childhood myopia is an increasing public health concern, with earlier onset, faster progression and greater severity than in previous generations, increasing the risk of sight-threatening complications in adulthood. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of myopia interventions report heterogeneous outcomes and may not address priorities of all stakeholders. We aimed to develop a core outcome set (COS) and recommendations for outcome measurement instruments (OMIs) for myopia intervention trials in children and young people (CYP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) methodology, we undertook a three-phase consensus process. Phase 1 comprised a systematic literature review, workshops with CYP and parents/caregivers, and interviews with eye care professionals (ECPs) and myopia researchers to identify candidate outcomes and OMIs. Phase 2 used a two-round Delphi process and consensus meeting involving CYP, parents/caregivers, ECPs and researchers to agree on core outcomes. Phase 3 involved literature review, content-validity assessment and stakeholder consensus to develop OMI recommendations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phase 1 identified 308 verbatim outcomes from randomised trials and qualitative work, from which 21 outcomes were retained for consensus. In Phase 2, stakeholders reached consensus on 10 core outcomes: axial length, spectacle prescription, visual acuity, eye health, eye comfort/discomfort, quality of life, adherence, treatment satisfaction, ocular adverse effects and systemic adverse effects. Phase 3 produced stakeholder-informed recommendations for OMIs for each core outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Core Outcome Set for MYopia clinical trials with Children and young people (COSMYC) provides the first stakeholder-informed COS and OMI recommendations for paediatric myopia intervention trials. Adoption and international ratification of COSMYC may improve consistency, comparability and relevance of future myopia research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149001269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence patterns and genetic validation of primary glaucoma subtypes among 1 million adults in China and the UK.","authors":"Charles Li, Baihan Wang, Robin G Walters, Kelsey V Stuart, Robert N Luben, Benjamin Y Xu, Catherine Q Sun, Flora Lum, Zilun Shao, Xiangyang Zheng, Daniel Avery, Dianjianyi Sun, Canqing Yu, Pei Pei, Jun Lv, Yiping Chen, Ling Yang, Liming Li, Anthony P Khawaja, Zhengming Chen, Derrick A Bennett, Iona Y Millwood, Huaidong Du","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2026-330795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2026-330795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) are distinct diseases, yet many glaucoma cases in population-based datasets lack subtype specification. We assessed incidence patterns of glaucoma subtypes in China and the UK and used genetic evidence to infer the likely subtype composition of cases recorded as unspecified glaucoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Incident primary glaucoma was identified from linked inpatient records in the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB; n=512 504) and UK Biobank (UKB; n=492 329) studies. Cohort-specific phenotyping algorithms defined POAG, PACG and unspecified glaucoma. Adjusted incidence rates were estimated by direct standardisation. To support subtype inference, polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were constructed using ancestry-specific genome-wide association studies, including a new East Asian PACG meta-analysis, and tested for association with glaucoma phenotypes using multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 12 years of follow-up, 1658 primary glaucoma cases were identified in CKB and 7643 in UKB. Most (>68%) cases lacked subtype specification. Incidence increased with age and was twofold higher among women for PACG in both cohorts and for unspecified glaucoma in CKB. In UKB, POAG incidence was fivefold higher among Black than White participants, with a similar but attenuated pattern for unspecified glaucoma. PRS analyses indicated that unspecified glaucoma closely aligned with PACG in CKB but was more heterogeneous in UKB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Healthcare-recorded incidence patterns for POAG and PACG were consistent with established demographic risk factors, whereas unspecified glaucoma showed differences in subtype composition between populations. Integrating epidemiological and genetic evidence improves interpretation of glaucoma phenotypes when detailed clinical information is unavailable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matched control methodologies and surgical data: reaching the parts that randomised controlled trials have not.","authors":"Roxane J Hillier, Catey Bunce","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2026-330837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2026-330837","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between congenital ptosis and ADHD: a national, cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ofira Zloto, Israel Finkelstein, Inbal Avisar, Nili Golan, Morris E Hartstein, Assaf Greenbaum, Tal Koval, Oriel Spierer, Shay Keren, Avi Rubinov, Achia Nemet, Nasser Yosef, Shirin Hamed Azzam, Daniel Bahir, Alvit Wolf, Erez Tsumi, Ahmad Mansour, Tehila Shlomov, Orly Weinstein, Zvi Gur","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2025-328856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2025-328856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine the association between congenital ptosis and ADHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective, national, cross-sectional study. The diagnosis of blepharoptosis was confirmed by an ophthalmologist, while cognitive assessments and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnoses were conducted by a neurologist using standardised clinical criteria. The study collected demographic data, ocular and systemic medical history, ptosis characteristics, surgical details, ADHD diagnoses and ADHD medication use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 866 patients (485 males, 381 females) were diagnosed with congenital ptosis, with a mean age at diagnosis of 3.66 years. Among them, 673 patients (76%) underwent ptosis surgery, with frontalis sling being the most common procedure (34.4%). ADHD was diagnosed in 156 patients (18.01% compared with 5.6%-7.6% in the general paediatric population), and methylphenidate was the most frequently prescribed medication (64%). Several factors were significantly associated with an increased risk of ADHD, including male sex, a diagnosis of ptosis after the age of 1 year, undergoing eyelid patching for amblyopia, the presence of residual ptosis, a history of ptosis surgery and undergoing levator resection surgery (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This national cross-sectional study is the first to investigate the association between congenital ptosis and ADHD, revealing that nearly 20% of patients with congenital ptosis developed ADHD significantly exceeding that of the general paediatric population. Based on these findings, clinicians should consider early ADHD screening in children with congenital ptosis, especially in those presenting with risk factors allowing for timely intervention and appropriate treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148976014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reversal of optic disc cupping in primary congenital glaucoma: analysis of 1223 eyes.","authors":"Arnav Panigrahi, Suresh Kumar Yadav, Anand Kumar Pathak, Anurag Kumar, Sumit Kumar Das, Shikha Gupta, Viney Gupta","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2026-330658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2026-330658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>To determine the prevalence and predictors of postoperative optic disc cupping reversal in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective chart review included 1223 eyes of 775 children with primary congenital glaucoma who underwent surgery between 1993 and 2023 and had at least 1 year of follow-up. Baseline demographic and ocular parameters, including age-at-onset, age at surgery, laterality, intraocular pressure (IOP), cup-disc ratio (CDR), axial length (AL) and corneal diameter (CD), were recorded. CDR reversal was defined as a reduction in CDR of at least 0.2 from baseline. For bilateral PCG, both eyes were used for analysis; hence, cluster-robust standard errors were used. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with reversal and a scoring system for predicting CDR reversal in PCG eyes was developed from the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Postoperative cupping reversal was observed in 528 of 1223 eyes (43.2%). On multivariable analysis, a smaller baseline CD and AL remained the strongest predictors of reversal, with every 1 mm increase in CD being associated with a 50% reduction in the odds of postoperative CDR reversal (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.59; p<0.001). Neonatal-onset (aOR 2.03, 95% CI 1.04 to 3.93; p=0.036) and infantile-onset disease (aOR 2.45, 95% CI 1.30 to 4.60; p=0.005) were also independently associated with reversal compared with late-onset PCG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postoperative CDR reversal occurs in a substantial proportion of PCG eyes and earlier disease onset, smaller CD and shorter AL are strong predictors for reversal.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalisation of a deep learning-based exophthalmometry system using facial photographs for non-thyroidal orbital disease.","authors":"Joonhyeon Park, Hyeong Ju Byeon, Kyubo Shin, HyunJo Jang, Jongchan Kim, Jaemin Park, Jin Sook Yoon, Jae Hoon Moon, JaeSang Ko","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2026-330182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2026-330182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate agreement between photo-based automated exophthalmometry and manual Hertel exophthalmometry in healthy individuals and patients with non-thyroidal orbital disease, with a deep learning system trained exclusively in thyroid eye disease (TED) cohorts applied without retraining or fine-tuning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective observational study. A total of 269 individuals were included in the study, including 95 healthy controls and 174 patients with unilateral non-TED orbital pathology. Automated measurements obtained using Glandy EXO from same-day frontal facial photographs were compared with corresponding manual Hertel exophthalmometry measurements. Agreement was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC), mean absolute error (MAE), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Diagnostic performance for clinically significant intereye asymmetry (>2.0 mm) was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The system showed good agreement with Hertel exophthalmometry in the eyes of healthy controls (PCC 0.80; MAE 0.86 mm; ICC 0.80) as well as the affected (PCC 0.81; MAE 1.41 mm; ICC 0.75) and fellow (PCC 0.76; MAE 1.03 mm; ICC 0.75) eyes of patients. Overall, 84.8% of measurements were within 2.0 mm of the manual Hertel values. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the system for detecting clinically significant intereye asymmetry were 59.6%, 95.0% and 83.3%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The TED-trained photoexophthalmometry system showed good agreement with Hertel measurements in healthy individuals and patients with non-TED orbital disease. These findings support its use as an adjunct to clinical examination for objective quantification and documentation of globe position.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas tamponade choice in low-to-moderate complexity primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: propensity-matched comparisons of SF₆, C₂F₆ and C₃F₈.","authors":"Nikolaos Tzoumas, Xiaoman S Li, David Yorston, Thomas H Williamson, David Alistair Laidlaw, David H W Steel","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2026-329489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2026-329489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare single-operation anatomical success, postoperative visual acuity, and complications after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair using sulphur hexafluoride (SF₆), perfluoroethane (C₂F₆), or perfluoropropane (C₃F₈).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed British and Eire Association of Vitreoretinal Surgeons-European Society of Retina Specialists (BEAVRS-EURETINA) registry data from 2012 to 2024. After exclusions, 7466 eyes contributed to anatomical and 5734 to visual analyses. Intraocular gas tamponades were compared using propensity-score matching and weighted regression adjustment. Equivalence was tested using prespecified margins of OR 0.80-1.25 for anatomical success and ±0.10 logMAR for postoperative visual acuity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Matched main-outcome cohorts had effective sample sizes up to 4155. For single-operation anatomical success, estimates favoured C₂F₆ over SF₆ (OR 1.19; 95% CI 0.97 to 1.48; p=0.10), and C₂F₆ over C₃F₈ (OR 1.28; 1.01 to 1.65; p=0.048), although the CIs included effects close to the null. C₃F₈ showed no anatomical advantage over SF₆ (OR 0.83; 0.58 to 1.13; p=0.35), with CIs compatible with possible harm. For postoperative visual acuity, C₂F₆ and SF₆ were similar (MD -0.01 logMAR; -0.04 to 0.01; p=0.29), while C₃F₈ was associated with worse acuity than C₂F₆ (MD 0.10 logMAR worse; 0.07 to 0.14; p<0.001) and SF₆ (MD 0.09 logMAR worse; 0.04 to 0.13; p<0.001). Cystoid macular oedema (CMO) was more common with C₃F₈ than SF₆ (OR 2.72; 1.13 to 6.57; p=0.026), while raised IOP was less likely with C₂F₆ than C₃F₈ (OR 0.41; 0.24 to 0.68; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In matched low-to-moderate complexity RRD cohorts, C₂F₆ and SF₆ were associated with similar postoperative visual acuity. C₃F₈ was associated with worse postoperative visual acuity compared to both other gases, as well as increased risks of CMO compared to SF₆ and of raised IOP compared to C₂F₆. Anatomical estimates were consistent with a possible benefit for C₂F₆ over the other gases, and indicated no clear advantage for C₃F₈.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison between choroidal thickness measurements from swept-source optical coherence tomography devices in highly myopic Chinese adults","authors":"Syna Sreng,Huanhuan Tan,Kai Xiong Cheong,Yanfeng Jiang,Yvonne Ng,Valentina Bellemo,Xiangzhong Tang,Zhongping Chen,Ecosse Luc Lamoureux,Leopold Schmetterer,Quan V. Hoang,Seang-Mei Saw,Damon Wong,Weizhong Lan","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2026-329740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2026-329740","url":null,"abstract":"Background/aims Reproducibility of choroidal thickness (CT) measurements is imperative when comparing choroidal imaging from different optical coherence tomography (OCT) platforms particularly in high myopia. This study compared CT measurements from commercial swept-source OCT devices in highly myopic Chinese adults using vendor-provided software and a deep learning segmentation model. Methods 97 participants underwent imaging with DREAM OCT and Triton OCT. CT was measured across the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grid using vendor-provided software and a deep learning model, with ocular magnification correction. Agreement was evaluated using mean differences with 95% CIs, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman plots. Results With vendor-provided software, DREAM OCT yielded thicker CT than Triton OCT (global ETDRS: 221.48±66.88 µm vs 156.90±57.64 µm), with mean differences of 61.04–71.22 µm (all p&lt;0.001). Global agreement was moderate (ICC=0.63; 95% CI 0.56 to 0.68). Deep learning-derived CT measurements showed much smaller inter-device differences (DREAM: 173.47±59.54 µm; Triton: 171.21±56.62 µm), yielding a mean global difference of 2.26 µm with limits of agreement from −17.38 to 21.90 µm. Sectoral CT differences were similarly minimised (ICCs&gt;0.90 across all ETDRS regions). The deep learning model demonstrated significantly superior inter-device agreement (global ICC=0.98 vs 0.63; p&lt;0.05). Conclusions Vendor-provided software produced systematic differences between DREAM OCT and Triton OCT, whereas the deep learning model produced CT measurements with significantly reduced variability. When evaluating CT measurements from different platforms, deep learning-based approaches may provide more comparable results than vendor-provided software.","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"117 1","pages":"bjo-2026-329740"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erectile dysfunction and the risk of glaucoma in men: a prospective nested case–control study using large-scale UK primary care data","authors":"Ruolan Fan,Arturo Gonzalez-Izquierdo,Muhammad Qummer Ul Arfeen,Alasdair Warwick,Kelsey V Stuart,Chuin Ying Ung,Natalie K Fitzpatrick,Anthony Khawaja,Alicja R Rudnicka,Paul J Foster,Christopher G Owen","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2026-330115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2026-330115","url":null,"abstract":"Background/aims Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of irreversible sight loss worldwide. A vascular mechanism has been proposed in POAG pathogenesis but supporting evidence remains limited. This study examined whether treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED), a condition with known vascular associations, is linked to POAG risk in men. Methods A prospective nested case–control study used nationally representative UK primary care data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Gold and CPRD Aurum. Cases diagnosed with POAG (n=218 056) were matched 4:1 by age and primary care practice to controls without glaucoma diagnosis or treatment (n=876 872). Conditional logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for the association between ED medication use and POAG risk, adjusted for age, ethnicity and deprivation. Results Mean age was 69 years in cases and 68 years in controls. ED medications were prescribed in 20% of cases versus 17% of controls. ED medication use was associated with significantly higher POAG risk (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.32 in CPRD Gold; OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.18 in CPRD Aurum). Older age and Black or Asian ethnicity were consistently associated with increased risk. Hypertension, diabetes, asthma, migraine and sickle cell disease were additional risk factors, while myocardial infarction and angina were associated with lower risk. Conclusion ED medication use was prospectively associated with higher POAG risk. The on-demand nature of ED medication use suggests a vascular rather than direct pharmacological mechanism. Experimental studies examining vasoactive medications and POAG outcomes are needed to confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"70 1","pages":"bjo-2026-330115"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual impairment and its association with cognitive impairment: the Handan Eye Follow-up Study.","authors":"Caixia Lin, Yunyun Sun, Jian Wu, Jie Hao, Ye Zhang, Qing Zhang, Ningli Wang, Xiaohui Yang, Jianping Hu","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2025-329310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2025-329310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the association between visual impairment (VI) and cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults from a rural Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Handan Eye Follow-up Study was conducted between 2012 and 2013. All participants underwent a standardised ophthalmic examination, structured interview and mobility performance assessment. The ophthalmic examination included visual acuity (VA) measurement and a comprehensive clinical eye examination. The interview collected demographic characteristics, cognitive status assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and general information related to medical conditions. Mobility performance was evaluated using walking speed tests, standing balance tests and the Timed Up and Go Test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 5394 participants in the Handan Eye Follow-up Study, 3794 were aged ≥50 years, of whom 3650 completed both VA and cognitive assessments. The prevalence of distance VI and near VI was 27.53% and 91.99%, respectively. Linear regression analyses revealed that distance VI was associated with a 1.53-fold higher likelihood of poorer MMSE scores after adjustment for demographic variables (p<0.01); however, this association was not statistically significant after further adjustment for all covariates (p=0.23). Near VI was associated with a 2.21-fold higher likelihood of poorer MMSE scores following initial adjustment (p=0.025), and this association remained significant after full adjustment (OR= 3.44, p=0.028).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Near VI was associated with poorer cognitive performance in a rural Chinese population of middle-aged and older adults, highlighting the potential role of correctable vision loss in cognitive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}