British Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"In vivo confocal microscopy confirms the presence of new predescemetic cellular layer in post-penetrating keratoplasty buttons","authors":"Niccolò Salgari, Angeli Christy Yu, Serena Panariello, Luigi De Rosa, Massimo Busin","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-326878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2024-326878","url":null,"abstract":"Background/aim To investigate the in vivo presence of a natural plane of separation at the pre-Descemet membrane (DM) level in post-penetrating keratoplasty (PK) eyes using confocal microscopy. Methods In vivo confocal microscopy was performed on the corneal stroma of 20 post-PK eyes and 20 keratoplasty-naive healthy control eyes. Patients were recruited from the cornea service of Ospedali Privati Forlì ‘Villa Igea’ between June 2022 and February 2024. The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the local ethics committee. Main outcome measures were stromal cell density (SCD) and the pattern of cell distribution. Results Posterior SCD was significantly higher in post-PK eyes compared with controls (387±96 vs 219±30 cell/mm², p<0.0001). A distinct layer densely populated by keratocyte-like cells, corresponding to the last visible row of nuclei before the DM, was observed in post-PK eyes but not in controls. Nuclei of these cells appeared irregularly dispersed or grouped in clusters, and in some cases arranged in columns along a preferred direction. Conclusions A distinct pre-DM layer of keratocyte-like cells is present in post-PK eyes potentially contributing to the previously described natural plane of separation during repeat keratoplasties. Further studies are needed to clarify the origin and clinical implications of this finding. Data are available on reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse renal events between ranibizumab and aflibercept in patients with diabetic macular oedema in Taiwan: a comparative cohort study","authors":"Wan-Ju Annabelle Lee, Shih-Chieh Shao, Miyuki Hsing-Chun Hsieh, Tzu-Chi Liao, Swu-Jane Lin, Edward Chia-Cheng Lai","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2024-325509","url":null,"abstract":"Aims To assess and compare the risk of adverse renal events among patients with diabetic macular oedema (DME) who were treated with either intravitreal ranibizumab or aflibercept in Taiwan. Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study and employed a target trial emulation framework using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Database from 2011 to 2018. Patients aged over 20 years diagnosed with DME and receiving treatment with either intravitreal aflibercept or ranibizumab were included. We applied propensity score methods to ensure balance in the baseline characteristics between the two treatment groups. The primary outcomes were the adverse renal events, specifically acute renal injury and hospitalisation due to renal events. We employed Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the HRs associated with these outcomes. Results A total of 6330 patients receiving ranibizumab and 1258 patients receiving aflibercept were included in this study. The incidence rates of adverse renal events were 102.2 and 138.7 per 1000 person-years for ranibizumab and aflibercept, respectively. Patients treated with intravitreal aflibercept had a significantly higher risk of experiencing a composite of adverse renal events (HR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.24 to 1.63), compared with those treated with ranibizumab, and specifically also a higher risk of acute kidney injury (HR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.63) and hospitalisation due to renal events (HR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.64). Conclusion In comparison to ranibizumab, the intravitreal use of aflibercept was associated with a greater risk of adverse renal events. These findings provide a solid foundation for future studies to validate these results further. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. The analytic datasets of this study are available in the NHIRD (<http://nhird.nhri.org.tw/en/index.html>) and were managed by National Health Research Institutes in Taiwan. Applicants must follow the Computer-Processed Personal Data Protection Law and related regulations. All applications are reviewed for approval of data release.","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid clinical assessment of spatial contrast sensitivity changes in retinal disease and ageing","authors":"Prakash Adhikari, Andrew J. Zele, Beatrix Feigl","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-326490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2024-326490","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence suggests best-corrected visual acuity is not sensitive to subtle vision losses in early disease stages, indicating the need for other tests. Here, we quantified contrast sensitivity in 99 people (20–88 years): 52 with eye diseases (10 with early AMD, 9 diabetics without retinopathy, 22 glaucoma suspects, 11 high myopes) and 47 age-matched healthy controls using a new spatial vision chart (0.28–100% Weber contrasts; 3–60 c/° frequencies). In retinal diseases and healthy ageing, the chart detected frequency-dependent losses; sensitivity was reduced at 3 and 8 c/° in AMD, at 6 and 8 c/° in diabetes, and at all frequencies in myopia and with ageing. Intrasession repeatability was excellent and spatial contrast changes were in accordance with deficits identified previously using complex and time-consuming psychophysical tests. The chart offers a simple, rapid and readily available tool for clinical use to document early visual deficits.","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3-year results of 0.01% and 0.1% loading dose atropine treatment including washout in Danish children with myopia: a placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial","authors":"Niklas Hansen, Anders Hvid-Hansen, Flemming Møller, Toke Bek, Dorte Larsen, Nina Jacobsen, Line Kessel","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-326918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2024-326918","url":null,"abstract":"Aim To examine the safety and efficacy of low-dose atropine (0.01% and 0.1% loading dose) after 2-year treatment and 1-year washout in 6-year-old to 12-year-old Danish children with myopia. Methods Investigator-initiated, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised clinical trial. Of 124 screened children, 97 were randomised to receive 0.01% low-dose atropine for 24 months (0.01%) or 0.1% low-dose atropine for 6 months, then 0.01% for 18 months (0.1% loading dose) or placebo, followed by a 1-year washout. Altogether, 91 participants completed the study. The primary outcome was myopia progression (axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent refraction (SER)). Secondary outcomes were adverse events, ocular biometrical measurements and treatment responder eyes (myopia progression less than −0.50 diopters (D)). Constrained linear mixed models were constructed with individual eyes nested by participant ID, according to intention-to-treat. The responder analysis used Fisher’s exact test. Significance levels were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Adjusted p values <0.05 were considered significant. Results At 3 years, the mean AL was −0.06 mm (95% CI −0.18; 0.07) and −0.09 mm (95% CI −0.21; 0.04) less compared with placebo in the 0.1% loading dose group and 0.01% group. Mean SER was −0.02 D (95% CI −0.30; 0.26) less and 0.17 D (95% CI −0.11; 0.45) more compared with placebo in the 0.1% loading dose group and 0.01% group. There was no significant group difference in the responder eyes. Conclusion There was no difference in myopia progression between groups following washout. A 6-month 0.1% loading dose did not improve efficacy compared with 0.01%. The 0.1% loading dose showed a rebound effect after dose switching. Data are available upon reasonable request. Data is available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author.","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous inhibition of fibroblast growth factor-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-a with RC28-E in diabetic macular edema: a phase 2 randomised trial","authors":"Wenfei Zhang, Shiyu Cheng, Xingwang Gu, Xinyu Liu, Hong Dai, Wenjuan Zhuang, Bin Sun, Lei Gao, Xuguang Sun, Ming Zhang, Zongming Song, Wenxiang Wang, Lin Li, He Chen, Jianmin Fang, Youxin Chen","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-326006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2024-326006","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To compare different doses and dosing regimens of RC28-E, a novel bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), with conbercept in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). Design Prospective, randomised, active comparator-controlled, open-label, multicentre, phase 2 clinical trial.cente Participants The trial enrolled patients aged 18 years or older with centre-involving DME, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 73 to 24 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letters, and central subfield thickness (CST) of 300 µm or more. Methods Patients were assigned randomly to one of five treatment regimens: 1.0 mg RC28-E for three initial monthly doses and then every 8 weeks (1.0mgQ8); 1.0 mg RC28-E for five initial monthly doses and then on a pro re nata (PRN) basis (1.0mgPRN); 2.0 mg RC28-E for three initial monthly doses and then every 8 weeks (2.0mgQ8); 2.0 mg RC28-E for five initial monthly doses and then on a PRN basis (2.0mgPRN); or 0.5 mg conbercept for three initial monthly doses and then on a PRN basis. Assessments were made at baseline and every 4 weeks thereafter. Main outcome measures The primary endpoint was the change in BCVA compared with baseline at 24 and 52 weeks. Secondary endpoints included the change in CST from baseline at 52 weeks; the proportion of patients who gained/lost ≥15 letters, ≥10 letters and &gt;0 letter in BCVA; and the number of injections and safety outcomes. Results The trial enrolled 156 patients. Mean improvements in BCVA in the RC28-E groups at week 24 were 7.1, 11.0, 7.4 and 10.5 letters for 1.0mgQ8, 1.0mgPRN, 2.0mgQ8 and 2.0mgPRN regimens, respectively, versus 9.7 letters for the conbercept group (p=0.146). By week 52, the RC28-E groups exhibited respective mean BCVA enhancements of 5.5, 9.5, 9.2 and 9.7 letters, compared with 8.4 letters of the conbercept group (p=0.469). Mean reductions in CST in the RC28-E groups at week 52 were −163.2 µm, −136.9 µm, −142.5 µm and −153.6 µm, versus −160.7 µm for the conbercept group (p=0.948). The Per Protocol Set analysis indicated that at 24 weeks, the BCVA improvement in the 2.0mgPRN group was significantly greater than that in the conbercept group (14.0 vs 9.8, p=0.019). In patients with poor baseline glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥7.5%), the 2.0mgPRN group showed greater BCVA improvement than the conbercept group (14.4 vs 4.2, p=0.039) at week 52. During the maintenance phase, the 2.0mgPRN group had fewer injections (2.8, 95% CI 1.8 to 3.7) compared with the conbercept group (4.4, 95% CI 3.5 to 5.2). RC28-E was generally well tolerated. The incidence of ocular adverse events in study eyes was comparable between RC28-E groups (22.6% in 1.0mgQ8 group, 26.7% in 1.0mgPRN group, 34.4% in 2.0mgQ8 group, 25.0% in 2.0 mg PRN group) and conbercept group (32.3%). The number of ocular serious adverse events was 1 (1.0mgQ8), 0 (1.0mgPRN), 1 (2.0mgQ8), 2 (2.0mgPRN) and 0 (conbercept","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and reasons for discontinuation of anti-VEGF treatment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration","authors":"Enrico Borrelli, Claudio Foti, Lorena Ulla, Annamaria Porreca, Ugo Introini, Maria Oliva Grassi, Pasquale Viggiano, Mario Peronetti, Rebecca Toscani, Giacomo Boscia, Alba Chiara Termite, Carlo Gennaro, Paola Marolo, Francesco Boscia, Francesco Bandello, Michele Reibaldi","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-326152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2024-326152","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose To explore the factors and frequency of interruptions in intravitreal treatment for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to evaluate the demographic and clinical factors linked to the reasons for discontinuation. Methods In this multicentre study, patients who began anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment between January 2019 and December 2021 for treatment-naïve neovascular exudative AMD were retrospectively analysed. The overall incidence of treatment discontinuation, along with the rates for each specific cause, was calculated. The probability of each cause of discontinuation over time from the start of treatment, as well as the risk factors associated with each case, was also determined. Results 655 individuals (28.5%) discontinued intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy. Among the five main categories of causes for discontinuation (patient’s decision against clinician’s advice, continuation of therapy at another clinic, clinical decision, systemic diseases or death), clinical decision emerged as the most common reason for interruption. The qualitative evaluation of the Kaplan–Meier curves suggests a higher frequency of the clinical decision as a cause of discontinuation within the initial 2 years of treatment. Worse visual acuity increased the risk of discontinuation due to clinical decisions. Younger patients were more likely to stop anti-VEGF therapy by choice. Better visual acuity and longer distance from the clinic increased the likelihood of patients continuing treatment elsewhere. Conclusions The discontinuation of anti-VEGF treatment is common among individuals with neovascular AMD. Causes of discontinuation include not only clinician decisions but also those related to the patient’s health and personal choices. Data are available upon reasonable request. Data are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a new classification system for measuring the progression of ocular cystinosis: an analysis of 64 patients.","authors":"Hong Liang, Christophe Baudouin, Vincenzo Giordano","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2023-325093","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2023-325093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To analyse the correlation between the physician categories defined by the 3C classification (crystal-complication-compliance) and the ocular manifestations of nephropathic cystinosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The last visit data of 64 patients aged between 2 and 64 attending the centre for management of cystinosis were reviewed. Each patient had been placed into one of four categories by the clinician based on disease severity. The correlation between these categories and markers of the disease was assessed using Pearson's correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Photophobia (0.647, p<0.001), visual acuity (-0.695, p<0.001), Gahl's score (0.603, p<0.001), optical coherence tomography (OCT)% (0.713, p<0.001) and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM)% (0.845, p<0.001), showed a strong, highly significant correlation between key signs and symptoms and the 3C classification. Corneal complications were strongly correlated with the 3C classification with scores of 0.802 (p<0.001), 0.634 (p<0.001), 0.726 (p<0.001) and 0.677 (p<0.001) for band keratopathy, keratitis, neovascularisation and corneal ulceration, respectively. 75% of those classified as most severe had all four complications. The use of artificial tears and ciclosporin strongly correlated with the categorisation, 0.574 (p<0.001) and 0.631 (p<0.001), respectively. With all cystinosis markers, the 3C classification showed a stronger correlation than age and crystal scores by Gahl's and OCT. Category and age were strongly correlated (0.656, p<0.001). There was a moderate negative correlation with therapeutic compliance with cysteamine eye-drops and categorisation (-0.422, p<0.001). The compliance pattern observed may help to explain why the disease progresses in some patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>3C classification is a reliable tool to categorise ocular cystinosis and can support clinical management decisions allowing more reliable comparison of datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"442-449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12013570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal OCTA vessel density loss in macula and optic nerve head in healthy, glaucoma suspect and established glaucoma eyes.","authors":"Jo-Hsuan Wu, Sasan Moghimi, Takashi Nishida, Mohsen Adelpour, Alireza Kamalipour, Gopikasree Gunasegaran, Linda M Zangwill, Robert N Weinreb","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325746","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>To examine longitudinal optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) changes in macula and optic nerve head (ONH) in healthy, glaucoma suspect (GS) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy, GS and POAG eyes from Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study with ≥2 years follow-up and four visits of macular/ONH OCTA imaging were included. Rates of macular wiVD (whole-image vessel density) and ONH wiCD (whole-image capillary density) changes were calculated for each diagnosis group using join mixed-effect modelling. Differences in wiVD/wiCD change rates across diagnoses were examined through pairwise comparison. Relationships of baseline 24-2 visual field (VF) mean deviation (MD) with wiVD/wiCD change rates were evaluated for POAG eyes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 36, 57 and 79 eyes (25, 38 and 50 subjects) in healthy, GS and POAG groups, respectively. Rates of wiVD (range:-0.72 to -0.92 %/year) and wiCD (range:-0.28 to -0.66 %/year) loss were different from zero in all groups (p<0.05). The rates of wiCD loss differed across all diagnosis groups (p<0.001), while wiVD change rates did not increase when comparing healthy to GS eyes (p=0.167). Baseline VF MD showed a significant but modest correlation with the rates of both wiVD and wiCD loss (p<0.05), and the correlation with wiCD change rate was slightly stronger (R²=0.27 vs 0.16).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In glaucoma, there is earlier microvasculature loss in the ONH than in the macula. Moreover, ONH VD loss shows a slightly stronger association with baseline VF than macular VD. Observing ONH VD loss with OCTA may help to monitor early glaucoma, which should be confirmed by future larger studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"490-496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal curvature in Chinese children with myopia measured by ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography.","authors":"Haotian Wu, Bo Zhang, Jun Chen, Ziyi Qi, Xun Xu, Huo Li, Xiangui He","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325704","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To quantitatively measure retinal curvature (RC) in children with myopia and explore its association with refractive status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included participants aged 5-18 years who underwent comprehensive ocular examinations, including cycloplegic refraction and macula 24×20 mm optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. RC was derived from OCT data using a three-dimensional reconstruction system. Mean RC was assessed in concentric circles (RC I-VI) with diameters of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 mm around the fovea, as well as in four orientations (RC S/I/N/T).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 443 eyes were included in the analysis. The values from RC I to RC VI were 0.51±0.19, 0.53±0.19, 0.62±0.19, 0.76±0.23, 0.86±0.23 and 0.81±0.18 10^-2mm^-2, respectively. RC I exhibited the smallest curvature, while RC V displayed the highest (p<0.001). High myopia (HM) group demonstrated larger RC I and smaller RC III/IV/V/VI compared with low myopia (LM) group (p<0.01). Significant differences among RC S/I/N/T were observed in HM group (pairwise comparison, p<0.001), but not in LM group. Multiple regression analysis revealed that age, sex, corneal curvature radius and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) were associated factors with foveal RC, while age, SFCT and axial length (AL) were associated factors of peripheral RC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RC can quantitatively characterise retinal shape and the morphological changes induced by myopia. Myopia progression results in a bulging macular retina accompanied by a flattening peripheral retina in children, and also increases the irregularity among the four quadrants. Age, AL and SFCT are associated factors of RC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"470-475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12013543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142145256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subtyping stage 3 epiretinal membrane: a comprehensive study of ectopic inner foveal layers architecture and its clinical implications.","authors":"Yanqiao Huang, Qiong Wang, Xiaofang Li, Xiujuan Zhao, Xinhua Huang, Wei Ma, Shanshan Yu, Lin Lu, Xiaoyan Ding, Limei Sun","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2023-324517","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2023-324517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the visual function and foveal architecture in patients with stage 3 idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional observational study included 56 eyes of 52 patients with stage 3 iERM. The patients were classified into type A ectopic inner foveal layers (EIFL) and type B EIFL based on the presence of a continuous hyporeflective band. Visual function and foveal microarchitecture were assessed in enrolled eyes. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), metamorphopsia scores, retinal sensitivity and optical coherence tomography (OCT)/OCT angiography features were compared between two subtypes.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The BCVA in type A EIFL and type B EIFL was 0.22 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) (0.15 logMAR, 0.40 logMAR) and 0.53±0.23 logMAR, respectively (p=0.002). Type B EIFL had higher average metamorphopsia scores, especially horizontal metamorphopsia scores, than type A (p=0.013, p=0.007, respectively). Type B EIFL had worse central 2° foveal sensitivity than type A (p=0.034). Type B EIFL had thicker central foveal thickness and EIFL thickness (514.08±73.80 µm vs 444.41±56.57 µm, p=0.001; 159.75±78.30 µm vs 48.44±18.37 µm, p<0.0001; respectively). The foveal avascular zone area of type B EIFL was smaller than that of type A (0.042±0.022 mm² vs 0.077±0.039 mm², p<0.0001). The vessel density and flow area of the superficial vascular complex in type B EIFL were larger than those in type A (both p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Type B EIFL demonstrated significantly worse visual function than type A EIFL, along with marked differences in foveal microstructure and microvasculature. Our study complements the current staging of iERM and helps determine the optimal timing of iERM surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"476-481"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}