British Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Risk factors and patterns for progression of fellow-eye myopic traction maculopathy: a 3-year retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Nan Luo, Kejun Long, Ping Lian, Jieyong Huang, Liyi Zhao, Subinuer Alimu, Guang Liu, Ling Jin, Tong Wang, Chen Chen, Yanqiao Huang, Xiujuan Zhao, Xiling Yu, Xiaoyan Ding, Jingjing Huang, Bingqian Liu, Shida Chen, Lin Lu","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325274","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the effect of preretinal tractional structures (PTS) and posterior scleral structures (PSS) on myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 185 fellow highly myopic eyes of 185 participants who underwent surgery for MTM. PTS included epiretinal membrane, incomplete posterior vitreous detachment and their combination. PSS included posterior staphyloma and dome-shaped macula (DSM). The MTM stage was graded according to the Myopic Traction Maculopathy Staging System. Optical coherence tomography was used to identify MTM progression, defined as an upgrade of MTM. The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was used to assess MTM progression over the 3-year follow-up period. Risk factors for progression were identified using Cox regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MTM progression was observed in 48 (25.9%) eyes. Three-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates for eyes with PTS, staphyloma and DSM were 53.7%, 58.2% and 90.7%, respectively. Eyes with PTS and staphyloma exhibited lower 3-year PFS rates than those without PTS or staphyloma (<i>P</i> _{log-rank test} =0.002 and <0.001), while eyes with DSM had a higher 3-year PFS rate than eyes without DSM (<i>P</i> _{log-rank test}=0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that PTS (HR, 3.23; p<0.001) and staphyloma (HR, 7.91; p<0.001) were associated with MTM progression, whereas DSM (HR, 0.23; p=0.046) was a protective factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both PTS and PSS play a critical role in the progression of MTM. Addressing these factors can aid in the management of MTM.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"83-88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141080636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective analysis on the outcomes of contact lens-associated keratitis in a tertiary centre: an evidence-based management protocol to optimise resource allocation.","authors":"Yijun Cai, Noah Clancy, Martin Watson, Gordon Hay, Romesh Angunawela","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325637","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Contact lens-associated keratitis (CLAK) is a common sight-threatening complication of contact lens use. Current management protocols in the UK are based on historical practice and necessitate a review for every patient within 48 hours regardless of severity, increasing the treatment burden on a resource-limited healthcare service. Our study aims to identify the different risk factors associated with CLAK, categorise CLAK using a novel grading system and recommend modifications to current management protocols based on the outcomes in the individual subgroups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The retrospective cohort study identified 161 eyes from 153 patients with CLAK from the electronic patient records of a tertiary eye centre between 1 July 2021 and 28 February 2022. Patients were categorised based on epithelial defect size (grade 1: <1.0 mm, grade 2: 1.0-2.0 mm, grade 3: >2.0 mm) and their risk factors, clinical features, treatments and outcomes were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most significant risk factors for CLAK include extended-wear contact lens, poor hygiene and prolonged duration of wear. Grades 1 and 2 CLAKs have excellent outcomes following an empirical treatment regime with topical moxifloxacin with 96% discharged within 48 hours and 94.1% discharged in 2 weeks, respectively. Grade 3 CLAKs require prolonged average duration of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We recommend typical grade 1 and 2 CLAKs can be discharged with empirical fluoroquinolone treatment. Grade 3 and all CLAKs with atypical features require monitoring for resolution, further diagnostics or treatment. We provide an evidence-based approach to reduce unnecessary patient visits and optimise resource allocation in an urban setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term effects of sunlight exposure on fundus blood flow perfusion in children: a randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Lingyi Zhao, Bo Zhang, Jingjing Wang, Jinliuxing Yang, Linlin Du, Tianxiao Wang, Xun Xu, Xiangui He, Jun Chen","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325715","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the short-term effects of different sunlight exposure on fundus blood flow perfusion (BFP) after near work.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this parallel randomised controlled trial, 81 students aged 7-15 with spherical equivalent refraction between -2.00 and +3.00 diopters were randomly assigned to either a low-illuminance (4k lux) group (N=40) or high-illuminance (10k lux) (N=41). Following 1 hour indoor reading, participants had sunlight exposure matching their group's intensity for 15 minutes. BFPs in the superficial retina, deep retina and choroid were measured at four time points: pre-reading, post-reading, 5th-minute and 15th-minute sunlight exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within the initial 5 minutes of sunlight exposure, the 10k lux group showed a tendency for decreased BFP, particularly in the choroid (superficial retina: -0.2, 95% CI -0.9 to 0.5; deep retina: -0.1, 95% CI -0.6 to 0.4; choroid: -0.4, 95% CI -0.8 to 0.0), while the 4k lux group exhibited an increase (superficial retina: 0.7, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.3; deep retina: 0.3, 95% CI -0.2 to 0.8; choroid: 0.1, 95% CI -0.2 to 0.5). From 5 to 15 minutes, BFP decreased in both groups. At the 5th-minute mark, the 10k lux group exhibited a greater decrease in choroid (10k -0.4 vs 4k 0.1, p=0.051). No significant difference was observed after 15 minutes of exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher illuminance sunlight exposure can restore fundus BFP more rapidly than lower; however, duration remains pivotal. To prevent myopia, continuous sunlight exposure for over 15 minutes is recommended to aid in reinstating the fundus BFP increased by near work.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT05594732.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141562733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of adjuvant role of topical cyclosporine 1% in acute Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a randomised control trial.","authors":"Namrata Sharma, Renu Venugopal, Ritu Nagpal, Priyadarshini K, Kamna Verma, Kaushal K Verma, N R Biswas, Thirumurthy Velpandian, Seema Sen, S N Dwivedi, Radhika Tandon, Jeewan S Titiyal, Rasik Vajpayee","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2023-324901","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2023-324901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the role of topical cyclosporine A 1% (CsA) as an adjuvant therapy in patients with acute Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a randomised controlled trial in which 44 patients (88 eyes) with acute SJS, presenting within 3 months from the onset of the disease, were enrolled and randomised. Group A (n=44 eyes) patients received treatment with topical CsA 1% along with standard therapy consisting of topical corticosteroids, antibiotics and lubricants. Group B (n=44 eyes) patients received topical saline drops in combination with standard therapy. Various ocular surface parameters were assessed at baseline and the 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of patients (years) was 23.9±15.1 in the CsA group and 26.0±18.7 in the control group (p=0.6840). The mean time from disease onset to presentation (days) was 17.0±14.0 and 12.9±11.3 in CsA and control groups, respectively (p=0.1568). At presentation, the mean grades of severity scores of various parameters were comparable. At 6 months, both groups showed a significant improvement in the mean severity grades of conjunctival hyperaemia (A, p=0.001; B, p=0.0001), mucocutaneous junction involvement (A, p=0.001; B, p=0.0001) and meibomian gland involvement (A, p=0.0471; B, p=0.006). Compared with baseline, the grades of corneal keratinisation (baseline, 0.48±0.7; 6 months, 1.02±0.8; p=0.0015) and neovascularisation (baseline, 1.07±1.2; 6 months, 1.57±1.0; p=0.0412) worsened after 6 months of CsA therapy. Intergroup comparison of grades of various parameters however did not reveal any significant difference at 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adjuvant treatment with topical CsA is not superior to standard therapy, in cases of acute SJS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"10-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141157561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handgrip strength and risks of diabetic vascular complications: Evidence from Guangzhou Diabetic Eye Study and UK cohorts.","authors":"Pingting Zhong, Shaopeng Yang, Riqian Liu, Ziyu Zhu, Yongjie Zhang, Weijing Cheng, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2023-324893","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2023-324893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose is to investigate the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and the risk of future diabetic complications in multicountry cohorts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The association between HGS and diabetic complications was evaluated using cox models among 84 453 patients with pre-diabetes and diabetes from the UK Biobank with a 12-year follow-up. The association between HGS and longitudinal microcirculatory damage rates was assessed among 819 patients with diabetes from the Guangzhou Diabetic Eye Study (GDES) with a 3-year follow-up. Participants were divided into three age groups (<56, 56-65 and ≥65 years), and each group was further subdivided into three HGS tertiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 5 kg reduction in HGS was associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality (women, HR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.14; p<0.001; men, HR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.15; p<0.001). Women and men in the lowest HGS group exhibited 1.6-times and 1.3-1.5-times higher risk of myocardial infarction and stroke compared with the highest HGS group. In men, there was a higher risk of developing end-stage renal disease (HR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.30 to 2.57; p=0.001), while this was not observed in women. Both sexes in the lowest HGS group had a 1.3-times higher risk of diabetic retinopathy compared with the highest HGS group. In the GDES group, individuals with the lowest HGS showed accelerated microcirculatory damage in retina (all p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reduced HGS is significantly associated with a higher risk of diabetic complications and accelerated microvascular damage. HGS could serve as a practical indicator of vascular health in patients with pre-diabetes and diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"157-164"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reattachment rate with pneumatic retinopexy versus pars plana vitrectomy for single break rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.","authors":"Aurora Pecaku, Isabela Martins Melo, Reut Shor, Carolina L M Francisconi, Samara Barbara Marafon, Varun Chaudhary, Roxane Jo Hillier, Rajeev H Muni","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2023-324005","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2023-324005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the primary reattachment rate (PARR) in pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) versus pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) meeting the Pneumatic Retinopexy versus Vitrectomy for the Management of Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Outcomes Randomised Trial (PIVOT) criteria with a single break in detached retina.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A post hoc analysis of two clinical trials. To be included, patients with primary RRD had to meet PIVOT criteria but could have only one break in the detached retina. Patients with additional pathology in the attached retina were included in a secondary analysis. The primary outcome was PARR following PnR versus PPV at 1-year postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>162 patients were included. 53% (86/162) underwent PnR and 47% (76/162) had a PPV. 99% (85/86) and 86.8% (66/76) completed the 1-year follow-up visits in the PnR and PPV groups, respectively. PARR was 88.2% (75/85) in the PnR group and 90.9% (60/66) in the PPV group (p=0.6) with a mean postoperative logMAR best-corrected visual acuity of 0.19±0.25 versus 0.34±0.37 (Snellen 20/30 vs 20/44) (p=0.01) each in the PnR and PPV groups, respectively.In an additional analysis of patients who were also allowed to have any pathology in the attached retina, the PARR was 85% (91/107) and 91.6% (66/72) in the PnR and PPV groups, respectively (p=0.18).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PnR and PPV provide similar long-term PARR in a substantial proportion of patients meeting PIVOT criteria with only a single break in the detached retina. Therefore, in patients meeting these specific criteria, PnR is an appropriate first-line therapy as it offers superior functional outcomes without compromising PARR.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"113-118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142003680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic and ocular outcomes in TB-immunoreactive patients receiving immunomodulatory therapy for non-infectious uveitis: a case-control study.","authors":"Shravya Choudhary Balla, Mohammed Hasnat Ali, Mudit Tyagi, Soumyava Basu","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325625","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB)-immunoreactivity, measured in vivo (tuberculin skin test (TST)) or in vitro (interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)), can be found in latent, active or even following clearance of TB infection. In this case-control study, we compared the systemic and ocular outcomes between patients with or without TB-immunoreactivity, who received immunomodulatory therapy (IMT) for non-infectious uveitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed charts of patients with (cases) or without (controls) TB-immunoreactivity (TST±IGRA), who received conventional IMT for ≥6 months, for the treatment of non-infectious uveitis. Patients who received prior or concomitant anti-TB therapy were excluded. Systemic and ocular outcomes were compared between both groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>36 cases and 70 controls (gender-matched and age-matched) were included. New-onset pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB developed in one case and none of the controls. Based on this outcome, the absolute risk increase for systemic TB reactivation was noted to be 0.028 (95% CI 0.005 to 0.051) and the number needed to harm was 36. The incidence of persistent or recurrent (worsening ≥2 grades) intraocular inflammation during IMT was comparable between both groups (cases 18/36, controls 35/70, p=1.0). A change in anatomical site of presentation at recurrence was not seen in any case, but in six controls (p=0.15). No new focal chorio-retinal lesions were noted in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Conventional IMT has a very low risk of systemic TB reactivation, and no additional detrimental effect on ocular outcomes, in TB-immunoreactive patients with non-infectious uveitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"41-44"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological and functional outcomes of horizontal squint surgery in adults with no preoperative diplopia using Quality-of-Life AS-20 questionnaire.","authors":"Nervine El Meshad, Haidy Soliman, Samantha Hunt, Saj Amarakoon, Ahmad Ahmad, Rebecca Ford, Richard Harrad, Vivi Choleva","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2023-324719","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2023-324719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Corrective squint surgery has a significant psychological impact, affecting both the quality of life and mental health of patients. This study highlights the quantitative and subjective assessment of both the psychological and functional outcomes of squint surgery in adults having horizontal strabismus with no preoperative diplopia using a Quality-Of-Life Adult Strabismus 20 (QOL AS-20) questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study is a retrospective cohort study on patients with uncomplicated, horizontal squint; with no vertical deviation and was conducted as part of a departmental clinical audit. It also aimed to challenge local clinical commissioning group (CCG) funding restrictions for what they regarded as a 'cosmetic procedure'. The QOL AS-20 questionnaires were completed before and 3 months after surgery and were analysed using the paired Wilcoxon signed rank t-test which showed significant improvement. A Freedom of Information Act request sought information on strabismus surgery funding restrictions from all CCGs to explore variations in perceptions throughout England.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>28 patients were included in the study. The overall success of squint surgery was 67.5%. The median QOL AS-20 questionnaire overall score increased from 28.125 to 88.75 (p value<0.00001), functional subscale from 46.25 to 87.5 (p value<0.00001) and psychological subscale from 15 to 90 (p value<0.00001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Squint surgery in non-diplopic adults with horizontal squint surgery should be regarded as restorative of normal anatomy from a pathological state rather than a cosmetic procedure.Restrictions to accessing this surgery may increase, especially during post-COVID-19. This patient-focused service evaluation demonstrates the substantial psychosocial benefits of such surgery, as evidenced through quality-of-life assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"152-156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predisposing factors, clinical and microbiological insights of bacterial keratitis: analysis of 354 cases from a leading French academic centre.","authors":"Clara Bertret, Juliette Knoeri, Loic Leveziel, Tristan Bourcier, Françoise Brignole-Baudouin, Lilia Merabet, Nacim Bouheraoua, Vincent Michel Borderie","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325261","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2024-325261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To report an epidemiological update of bacterial keratitis (BK) in a tertiary ophthalmology centre over 20 months compared with a previous study on the same timeframe from 1998 to 1999.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>354 patients with BK documented by microbiological corneal scraping or resolutive under antibiotics treatment from January 2020 to September 2021 were analysed retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One or several risk factors were found in 95.2% of patients: contact lens wear (45.2%), ocular surface disease (25.0%), systemic disease (21.8%), ocular trauma (11.9%) and ocular surgery (8.8%). The positivity rate of corneal scrapings was 82.5%, with 18.2% polybacterial. One hundred seventy-five (59.9%) bacteria were Gram-negative, and 117 (40.1%) were Gram-positive. The most common bacteria were <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (32.5%), <i>Moraxella</i> spp (18.1%) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (8.2%). Final visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was associated with age (r=+0.48; p=0.0001), infiltrate size (r=+0.32; p<0.0001), ocular surface disease (r=+0.13; p=0.03), ocular trauma (r=-0.14; p=0.02) and contact lens wear (r=-0.26; p<0.0001). Gram-negative bacteria were responsible for deeper (r=+0.18; p=0.004) and more extensive infiltrates (r=+0.18; p=0.004) in younger patients (r=-0.19; p=0.003). Compared with the previous period, the positivity rate of corneal scrapings and the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria, especially <i>Moraxella</i> spp, increased. All <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>Moraxella</i> spp were sensitive to quinolones, and all <i>S. aureus</i> were sensitive to both quinolones and methicillin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Contact lens wear remained the leading risk factor. The bacteria distribution was reversed, with a predominance of Gram-negative bacteria and increased <i>Moraxella</i> spp.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141455418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinotopic cortical mapping in objective functional monitoring of macular therapy.","authors":"Markus Ritter, Allan Hummer, Maximilian Pawloff, Anna A Ledolter, David Linhardt, Michael Woletz, Gabor Gyoergy Deak, Stefan Sacu, Robin Ristl, Dariga Ramazanova, Graham E Holder, Christian Windischberger, Ursula Margarethe Schmidt-Erfurth","doi":"10.1136/bjo-2021-320723","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjo-2021-320723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>To determine the suitability of functional MRI (fMRI) as an objective measure of macular function following therapeutic intervention; conventional psychophysical measures rely heavily on patient compliance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) were studied with high-resolution fMRI, visual acuity, reading accuracy and speed, contrast sensitivity (CS) and microperimetry (MP) before and after 3 monthly intravitreal injections of ranibizumab. Population-receptive field retinotopic maps calculated from fMRI data were compared with psychophysical measures and optical coherence tomography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) responders (≥5 letters) showed an increase of 29.5% in activated brain area, while non-responders showed a decrease of 0.8%. Radial histograms over eccentricity allowed quantification of the absolute number of significant voxels and thus differences before and after treatment. Responders showed increases in foveal (α<0.5°) activation, while non-responders did not. Absence of intraretinal fluid and preservation of outer retinal layers was associated with higher numbers of active V1 voxels and better BCVA. Higher voxel numbers were associated with improved reading performance and, less marked, with BCVA, CS and MP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data show that retinotopic mapping using fMRI can successfully be applied objectively to evaluate the therapeutic response in nAMD patients treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy. This demonstrates the ability of retinotopic mapping to provide an objective assessment of functional recovery at a cortical level; the technique can therefore be applied, in other degenerative macular diseases, to the assessment of potential therapeutic interventions such as gene therapy or cell replacement therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9313,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"98-106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}