Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology最新文献

{"title":"Struvite as a Non-Equilibrium Solid Phase in Electrolytic Systems (Aqueous Media)","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.02.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.02.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Struvite (MgNH4\u0000PO4\u0000•6H2\u0000O) is not the equilibrium solid phase when introduced into pure water or into an aqueous CO2\u0000solution, with or without KOH added as the pH-modifying component. In some instances, the dissolution process consists of\u0000several steps where different solid phases are formed. It results from a simulating procedure, where the entire physicochemical knowledge on the system in question is involved in the iterative computer program. The results of calculations are put in\u0000context with formation of struvite renal calculi in urinary tracts.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46514535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vitro Antibacterial activity of Rhus javanica Against Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogens","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.02.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.02.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Antibiotic resistance is emerging as a major public health concern. From the ancient time in history,\u0000different plants and herbs have been known to have medicinal value. Rhus javanica has been found to show antibacterial activity\u0000against pathogenic bacteria. Thus, present study is designed to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infection causing\u0000bacterial pathogens, its antibiogram and effect of Rhus javanica in standard in-vitro condition against multidrug-resistant.\u0000Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in urinary tract infection suspected patients visiting a clinic in\u0000Kalimati, Kathmandu, from August to October 2019. A total of 133 midstream urine samples were collected and cultured in\u0000MacConkey agar and Blood agar media and isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility\u0000testing was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guideline. Leaves extract of Rhus\u0000javanica was obtained by maceration using 50.0% methanol andsusceptibility testing was performed by using cork borer\u0000method in Mueller-Hinton agar.\u0000Results: Out of total 133 samples, 35.3%showed significant bacterial growth (i.e. 105\u0000 cfu/ml) on agar plate. The most\u0000predominant organism was Escherichia coli 17.3%, followed by Enterococcus faecalis 6.8%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 3.8%,\u0000Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3.0%, Proteus vulgaris 2.3%, and Staphylococcus aureus 2.3%. Out of 47 isolates, 53.2% were Multi\u0000Drug Resistant (MDR). Various concentrations of the crude extract used (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/ml) showed susceptibility to\u0000all the bacterial pathogens isolated, with the diameter of zone of inhibition ranging from 12 to 28 mm.\u0000Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Rhus javanica showed antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant isolates of bacterial\u0000uropathogens in standard in-vitro condition.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42026476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver Function Enzymes are Potential Predictive Markers for Kidney Allograft Dysfunction.","authors":"Alakesh Bera,&nbsp;Eric Russ,&nbsp;Rahul M Jindal,&nbsp;Maura A Watson,&nbsp;Robert Nee,&nbsp;Ofer Eidelman,&nbsp;John Karaian,&nbsp;Harvey B Pollard,&nbsp;Meera Srivastava","doi":"10.33140/ajun.02.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.02.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Biopsy of the allograft is the gold standard for assessing kidney allograft dysfunction. The aim of our pilot study was to identify serum biomarkers that could obviate the need for biopsy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a study to identify the biomarkers in the serum from different groups of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and kidney transplanted patients vs. healthy individuals. The four groups (n=25 in each group) were as follows: 1) Patients with unstable kidney allograft transplants requiring biopsy for cause, 2) Patients with stable kidney allograft transplants, 3) Patients with CKD not on immunosuppressive therapy and, 4) healthy subjects. We measured the activity and level of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and other liver enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)) as potential serum biomarkers in acute allograft dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that ALP correlated with allograft biopsy findings, liver function, and clinical outcomes and possibly graft survival. Additionally, AST and ALT were higher in patients with graft rejection compared to non-rejected and stable kidney transplants. Moreover, the low Pearson correlations (r- values) between ALP level with age (r=0.179), gender, body mass index (r=0.236), creatinine (r=0.044) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (r=0.048) suggest that ALP may be an independent biomarker which is relatively unaffected by other individual-level variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ALP may be a putative biomarker to predict kidney allograft function and rejection. Data also indicated that liver function plays an important role for the overall success of kidney transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":"2 1","pages":"27-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7571418/pdf/nihms-1594837.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38514727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tenofovir Induced Acute Kidney Injury and Severe Anemia: A Case Series of Four Patients","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.01.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.01.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"We report four cases of atypical acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with the used of Tenofovir (TDF). Elevated\u0000creatinine, normoglycemic glycosuria with unusual high proteinuria, high serum phosphate and severe anemia were\u0000observed. After withdrawal of TDF, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and hemoglobin level increase in all the patients,\u0000but only one patient have a complete remission. Clinician should be aware of this atypical TDF induced AKI presentation\u0000with end stage Kidney Disease characteristics.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47297060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.01.01.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.01.01.09","url":null,"abstract":"Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and potentially life-threatening conditionassociated with morbidity and mortality.\u0000Currently, the standard diagnostic tools for the detection of AKI are monitoring of urinary output and serum creatinine (sCr),\u0000both of which are markers of kidney function but not kidney injury. Novel AKI biomarkers have made significant contributions\u0000to our understanding of the molecular under pinnings of AKI, they could also have use as molecular phenotyping tools that\u0000facilitate the identification of patients who could benefit from a specific intervention, even a biomarker-targeted intervention\u0000and they were proved to be useful in facilitating early diagnosis, guiding targeted interventions and monitoring the disease\u0000progression and resolution.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89320944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Nutritional Status of Hemodialysis Patients in Istanbul/Turkey","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.01.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.01.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aims to determine protein, sodium, potassium, phosphorus consumptions and energy intake in endstage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis 3 times a week and compare these quantities with recommended\u0000requirements.\u0000Methods: This study was conducted with 198 end-stage renal disease patients between the ages of 20 and 65 who underwent\u0000hemodialysis 3 times a week. Data were obtained via a survey form and Food Frequency Questionnaire.\u0000Results: No significant relationship was identified between gender and protein consumption (p>0.05). However, a significant\u0000relationship was found between the body mass indices (BMI) and protein consumption of the patients (p<0.05); when groups\u0000were compared, protein consumption reduced while the BMI increased (p<0.01). When age and protein consumption were\u0000examined, protein consumption was found to be higher in patients aged 20-44 as compared to patients aged 56-65 (p<0.05).\u0000Conclusion: The protein consumption and energy intake of hemodialysis patients appears to be below the recommended level.\u0000This suggests that hemodialysis patients are receiving insufficient nutrition in Istanbul/Turkey. Hemodialysis patients should\u0000be given better nutritional education and their nutritional status should be optimized.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49186876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Dialysis with Acacia Gum: Intestinal Dialysis Technology","authors":"Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi","doi":"10.33140/ajun.01.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.01.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The use of a new dietary approach used to lower urea levels in chronic renal failure, and thus simulating dialysis\u0000has been recently described. This approach has been increasingly called intestinal or dietary dialysis. The aim of this paper is\u0000to describe the treatment of nine patients with chronic renal failure associated with symptomatic uremia with intestinal dialysis.\u0000Patients and Methods: During the period from December, 2005 to October, 2009, nine patients (5 males and 4 females)\u0000with various renal disorders associated with symptomatic uremia were referred for treatment due to their unwillingness to\u0000undergo dialysis. Ages ranged from 3.5 year to 72 years (mean 28.8).All patients considered dialysis in their circumstance to\u0000be associated with an unacceptable degree of discomfort and suffering. Five patients had severe uremic symptoms (fatigability,\u0000tachypnea, and anorexia). All of the patients were unable to walk independently. The patients were treated with the new\u0000technology of intestinal dialysis.\u0000Results: All the patients enrolled experienced amelioration of symptoms of uremia with improved general wellbeing in\u0000association with lowering of urea levels and creatinine during the period of therapy. They patients were followed for a period\u0000ranging from 8 weeks to 8 years. It was possible to follow three patients for more than 2 years on this therapy, and one patient\u0000was followed for about 8 years. They three patients continued to experience low urea levels and didn’t develop any symptoms\u0000of uremia. No important side effect was observed. However, most patients experienced some degree of abdominal distention\u0000associated with increased passage of gases (flatulence).\u0000Conclusion: Patients treated with intestinal dialysis experienced conspicuous lowering of urea and creatinine and improvement\u0000in the general wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42283658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific Publication Productivity and Research Activities of Iraqi Pediatricians in the Field of Pediatric Nephrology: A Bibliometric Analysis to Identify Pioneers","authors":"Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi","doi":"10.33140/ajun.01.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.01.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bibliometrics is increasingly used to assess the quantity and quality of scientific research output in many research\u0000fields throughout the world. This study aims to update Iraqi pediatricians’ research productivity in the field of nephrology using\u0000bibliometric methods, and analysis of the contribution of Iraqi pediatricians to the field of pediatric nephrology literature.\u0000Methods: Papers published by Iraqi pediatricians’ in the field of pediatric nephrology were retrieved from “Web of Science”\u0000and “PubMed”. The number and types of papers, and author’s h-index (Hirsch index) were analyzed. Papers published by\u0000researchers other than pediatricians such urologic surgeons, and basic sciences researchers were not included in this study.\u0000Results: A total of 53 papers were found published in a total of 11 journals including Pediatric Nephrology, Therapy (Clinical\u0000practice), Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, Journal of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Urology, Clin Exp Nephrol,\u0000American Journal of Medical Genetics A, The Open Urology & Nephrology Journal, Acta Paediatrica, Archives of Disease\u0000in Childhood, and Saudi Journal of Kidney Disease and Transplantation.\u0000The vast majority of papers, 49 (92.4 %) were published by Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi. Only four our papers [Etiological and\u0000clinical patterns of childhood urolithiasis in Iraq (2005), .Profile of renal diseases in Iraqi children: A single-center report.\u0000(2015), Hypertension in hemodialyzed children (2016), The predictive factors for relapses in children with steroid-sensitive\u0000nephrotic syndrome (2016)] were published by authors other than Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi, and was carefully examined and\u0000found to include unreliable, non-authentic and largely misleading information.\u0000The work of Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi represented the authentic reliable source about childhood renal disorders in Iraq.\u0000The work of Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi provided a comprehensive knowledge about childhood renal disorders in Iraqi children.\u0000The papers of Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi included 12 research papers, 2 case report, one case series, three review articles, and\u0000at least 31 conferences’ abstracts.\u0000Conclusion: Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi is perfectly regarded as the undisputable pioneer of pediatric nephrology in Iraq. In\u00002008, the web site “Medical talks” listed Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi with the famous physicians in history for describing a new\u0000model for the treatment of chronic renal failure.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48668201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes as Mediators in Inflammations","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.01.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.01.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Eicosanoids are 20-carbon bioactive lipids derived from the\u0000polyunsaturated fatty acids metabolism, which can modify numerous\u0000biological processes comprising cell proliferation, migration and\u0000adhesion, vascular permeability, angiogenesis and inflammatory\u0000responses [1].","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42713689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lupic Nephropathy: Our experience at the Department of Nephrology","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.01.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.01.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the most common disease\u0000systemic autoimmune disorders that cause kidney damage. AT\u0000Conversely, kidney damage is the most common and the most severe\u0000visceral involvement of SLE. The most frequent renal involvement\u0000is glomerular and there are several types of glomerulonephritis (GN)\u0000Lupus now evaluated according to classification histological ISN /\u0000RPS (International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society)\u0000[1]. Other glomerular disorders such as a Nephrotic syndrome\u0000with minimal glomerular lesions are possible but rare. Vascular or\u0000interstitial lesions related to lupus may be associated with glomerular\u0000damage; they are rarely isolated. Finally, lupus nephropathy is\u0000sometimes mixed with renal diseases associated with lupus, the\u0000most common being renal antiphospholipid Syndrome.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49050995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}