Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of the Prevalence and Associated Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease at WURH, West Ethiopia, 2022 G C","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.06.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.06.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"for at least three months and are manifested by either kidney damage (most frequently detected as persistent albuminuria or proteinuria) or a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which is < 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. (1) . Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of CKD Patients at WURH from November 14-28, 2022. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study of 208 chronic patients was conducted at WURH, which were found in the East Wollega zone, Nekemte town, Ethiopia between December 2021 to November 2022. All analyses and calculations Were performed using SPSS software (SPSS version 20). Data was presented as the means ±SDs for continuous variables and proportions for categorical variables. Demographic and clinical data were described. P values less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval were considered statistically significant. Result: The magnitude of chronic kidney disease among the study participants was found that 53 (25.5%) of the participants had hypertension, of whom 60.2 had a follow-up, 22 (10.6%) had diabetes, all of whom were on follow-up, and 46 (22.1%) had cardiac problems. Serum creatinine level was determined for 193(92%) participants and 151(72.6%) had normal level while it was raised (>1.2mg/dl) in 42(20.2%). urine dipstick test for proteinuria was done for 109(52.4%) of the participants and the result showed that 40(36.7%) had +1 proteinuria,32(29.4%) had +2 and 21(19.3%) had +3 and above. Conclusion: The prevalence of CKD in this study concludes that the disease become abundant and needs attention. The magnitude of the disease involves all age categories and is similarly common among males and females. Besides, CKD without any underlying associated factors appears abundant. CKD magnitude among patients with hypertension had statistical significance. Chronic kidney disease is rising at an alarming rate. Therefore, we recommend that relevant prevention, diagnostics, and therapeutic measures must be undertaken in all health facilities.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":"106 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Promising Approach in the Treatment of Resistant Hypertension: Renal Denervation","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.05.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.05.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This article highlighted renal denervation (RDN) in the treatment of resistant renal hypertension, with a minor emphasis on other methods. Materials and Methods: Hypertension (HT) remains a major public health problem. The estimated incidence in 2023 among 30-79-year-olds is around 1.28 billion. Kidney disease (KD) and HT are intrinsically linked and severely affect each other. Narrowing of the renal artery, mainly due to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and secondary to fibromuscular dysplasia, causes an elevation in renal and systemic blood pressure (BP). Despite the combined use of 3 different classes of antihypertensive drugs, the mean blood pressure sometimes remains ≥ 140/90 mm Hg. In these cases, which are called resistant HT, surgical methods such as bypass grafting and endarterectomy or angioplasty with or without a stent are used to achieve renal revascularization. Another promising treatment modality is RDN. Results: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), ultrasound, or neurotoxin injection are the most commonly used approaches for renal denervation. As INVAMED (Ankara, Turkey), we have developed an RDN device system (DeltaⓇ Modulator Renal Denervation for Hypertension). Conclusion: Although there are exceptions in terms of efficacy in reports, RDN systems are rapid and have resulted in safe and sustained reduction in blood pressure.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139290776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Assess the Association Between Decreased Uric Acid Level and Blood Pressure","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.05.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.05.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is commonly viewed as an entity that should not be treated. Treatment of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in patients with renal impairment is still in debate. There is no evidence to rationalize pharmacotherapy for patients with hyperuricemia with no complication and serum uric acid concentration is below 10 mg/dL. Objectives: To evaluate the association between decreased uric acid level and blood pressure. Methods: This was a single-center, single (patient blinded, placebo-controlled study conducted in chattogram medical college hospital over 1 year. Patients of both sexes aged above 18 years with eGFRs of 15 to 60 mL/ min/1.73 m2 (as calculated with the 4-variable MDRD) and serum uric acid levels ≥7 mg/dL were included. Patients were selected in purposive technique divided randomly by lottery into two groups. One group received febuxostat 40-mg tablet once daily and another group received placebo tablets at the same time. Both groups received antihypertensive and antidiabetic medication and diuretics as per needed. Drugs and placebo were continued throughout the study period. Patients were evaluated at baseline, 3rd and 6th months for history, physical examination, assessment of any adverse events or end points and relevant investigations. Results: 35 patients in each group were analyzed. Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. In febuxostat group the mean uric acid was decreased from 8.55 (±1.05) to 4.92 (±0.64) mg/dl, which was statistically significant (p <0.001) and in placebo group increased from 8.10 (±0.6) to 8.99 (±0.27) mg/dl which was statistically significant (P=0.001) after 6 months follow up. In case of mean eGFR in the febuxostat showed a nonsignificant increased from 25.28 (± 7.59) to 27.01 (±8.29) ml/min/1.73 m2, but in placebo group there was decreased mean eGFR from 26.81 (± 7.31) to 23.32(±7.72) ml/min/1.73 m2 which was statistically significant (p <0.001) and between group difference in eGFR was significant at 6 months (p = 0.048). Moreover after 6 months of treatment systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower in febuxostat group than placebo (p <0.05). Conclusion: Compared to placebo, febuxostat slowed the decline in eGFR in CKD stage 3 and 4","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":"4 1-2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135169284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary Tract Infections Can Occur in Any Part of the Urinary Tract","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.05.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.05.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Urinary tract infections can occur in any part of the urinary tract – kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra. Women have a higher risk of developing urinary tract infections than men, due to the female anatomy. The urethra is shorter in women, so the penetration of microorganisms into the deeper parts of the urinary system is much easier. Slow and weak urination usually occurs in older men and is the result of an enlarged prostate. The same symptom can also occur in older women, and it is a consequence of the weakening of the bladder walls. In women, the presence of myoma in the uterus can cause similar problems.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Kidney Disease Begins Slowly and Lasts a Long Time","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.05.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.05.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic kidney disease is increasingly becoming a major public health problem. It is characterized by a disorder in the structure and function of the kidneys that lasts longer than 3 months. It is a condition in which there is a slow decrease in kidney function. The problem with this disease is that the signs and symptoms are often nonspecific as they can be caused by other diseases.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of Cancer of the Skin and Cancer of the Urinary Bladder in Jamaica 2008","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.05.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.05.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To examine the distribution of cancer of the skin and cancer of the urinary bladder in Jamaica 2008. Methods: The study included all fourteen parishes. Data was obtained from the Jamaica Cancer Registry located in the Pathology Department of the University of the West Indies. Population denominators were obtained from the 2011 census taken by the Statistical Institute of Jamaica. The statistical package which was used to analyze the data was SPSS. Results: The age distribution of cancer of the skin in Jamaica 2008 revealed that the highest frequencies occurred in the age group 45 years to 84 years when both genders were considered together. The results also showed that after age 85 years the risk of developing cancer diminishes. The crude incidence rate (CIR) of melanoma in males in Jamaica 2008 was determined to be 2.6 and in females 2.5. These crude incidence rates were comparable to Southern Africa. This present study determined the mean age for developing cancer of the skin was 60.8 years when both genders are considered. This reveals that the risk of developing melanoma increases with age. Based on the CIR the distribution of melanoma across some parishes was the following. In decreasing order Kingston and St. Andrew (6.2), St. Mary (2.6), St. Ann (2.3), St. Catherine (2.1) and St. Thomas (2.1). In the case of urinary bladder cancer (UBC), the highest frequency occurred in the age group 60 years to 84 years. The mean age for developing UBC was 70.7 years in Jamaica 2008. The CIR of UBC in men in Jamaica 2008 was 2.8 while in the case of women it was 0.8, (male/female ratio, 3.5).The CIR ratio was comparable to the probability ratio in the United States of America in 2018. The distribution of UBC was examined across all parishes using the CIR as a means of comparing objectively. When ranked in descending order it was Kingston and St. Andrew (3.3), St. Mary (2.6), St. Catherine (2.5), Portland (2.4) and St. Ann (1.7). It should also be emphasized of the 48 persons who were diagnosed with UBC, 6 were smokers and only 1 was female. Hence in Jamaica 2008 smoking does not appear to be a primary risk factor in developing UBC. Conclusion: The health administrators should promote primary prevention to reduce the financial burdens associated with developing cancers taking into account the age groups when these cancers become more prevalent and the geographical locations where the CIR is high. This is especially important in the case of UBC.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48600521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report of Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.05.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.05.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Miss NB presented to the emergency department with uremic symptoms, acute kidney injury Creatinine 800, and hypertension in March 2020. She was also noted to have anemia albeit normal platelet. NB was supported with hemodialysis as she has solute clearance issues despite making good urine. Plasma exchange was commenced in the intensive care unit to support her while waiting for the renal biopsy report to be available.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45646056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sauna Bathing Habits and Erectile Dysfunction-Tampere Ageing Male Urologic Study (TAMUS)","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.04.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.04.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate a possible effect of Finnish sauna bathing on erectile dysfunction (ED). Materials and Methods: A population-based study was conducted using a mailed questionnaire sent to 5,537 men in 2019. The frequency of sauna bathing was grouped into three categories: once a month or less, once a week and two or more times per week. ED was assessed using the IIEF-5 questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised also items on sociodemographic, medical history; ED and treatment for ED. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: The study cohort included 2,644 men (47.8% response proportion). Frequency of sauna bathing did not affect to IIEF-5 scores (the mean scores for different groups were all close to 20.5) nor to severity of ED. Logistic regression analysis with adjustment for other risk factor showed no association between sauna bathing frequency and ED. Nevertheless, frequency of sexual intercourse was higher among men sauna bathing two or more times per week as mean monthly number of sexual intercourses was 3.5 compared with 2.8-2.5 in the other groups. Other factors than sauna bathing probably explain differences concerning intercourse amounts. There was no statistically significant difference in the use of medication for ED between sauna bathing groups. Conclusions: In our population-based study, sauna bathing does not have effect on ED, although more frequent sauna bathers had more sexual intercourses and had fewer risk factors for ED. Other factors than sauna bathing probably explain differences concerning intercourse amounts.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47066668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenols from Prunus armeniaca.L as Promising Anticancer (Cervical Cancer): In silico studies and in vivo safety assessment","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.04.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.04.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Some anogenital tract malignancies have high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections as their etiological cause. Although many HPV preventative vaccines have been licensed, there is still a need for medication that targets the infection and its carcinogenic effects. One of the important elements in cell immortalization and tumor development in HPV-positive cells has been identified as the viral oncoprotein E6. The cellular ubiquitin ligase E6AP interacts with E6, which can facilitate the degradation of the tumor suppressor protein p53. One of the best ways to prevent the maintenance and growth of infected cells is to block the creation of the E6-E6AP complex. The present study aims to determine the ability of polyphenols identified in Prunus armeniaca.L, to target the HPV16 virus by virtual high-throughput screening and molecular docking, and to evaluate the safety of this plant in vivo. In silico, the PDB: 4GIZ structure of E6HPV16 was prepared as a target by Discovery Studio 2021. Virtual screening of 47 polyphenols was performed by the iGEMDOCK program, followed by an evaluation of potential inhibitors based on docking affinities obtained from the The SYBYL-X Surflex-Dock module v2.0, 21. In vivo toxicity studies of Prunus armeniaca. L aqueous extract was also conducted in Wistar rats. Of all the polyphenols investigated in this study, the compounds 3-pCoumaroylquinic, 5-pCoumaroyloquinic, Epicatechin, and Dimethoxyflavone were predicted to have the highest binding affinity for E6HPV16, also revealed several interactions with the E6 binding site area. A study on acute in vivo toxicity of Prunus armeniaca .L aqueous extract was conducted and didn't produce any harmful effects. Moreover, Epicatechin, a dimethoxyflavone from Prunus armeniaca.L, 3-pCoumaroylquinic, 5-pCoumaroylquinic, and 5-pCoumaroyloquinic were chosen as possible E6HPV16 inhibitors for novel medication development.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47684319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age Distribution of Cancer in Jamaica 2008","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ajun.04.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ajun.04.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the age distribution of cancer occurrence in Jamaica during 2008. Methods: The distribution of cancer in Jamaica was investigated in the year 2008. The study included all fourteen parishes. Data was obtained from the Jamaica Cancer Registry located in the Pathology Department of the University of the West Indies. Population denominators were obtained from the 2011 census taken by the Statistical Institute of Jamaica. The statistical package which was used to analyze the data was SPSS. Results: A total of 2491 cases of cancer were examined across all parishes. It was determined that the crude incidence rate (178.6) was largest in Kingston and St Andrew. In St. Catherine, St. Thomas, Clarendon, Portland, St. Mary and Manchester the crude incidence rates were 118.9, 80.9, 67.7, 62.3, 58.1 and 54.8 respectively. Hence there were parishes such as St. Thomas and St. Mary having large crude incidence rates. It was determined in 2008 that the leading cancers in Jamaica were the following in descending order, prostate cancer, cancer of the breast, cancer of the cervix, cancer of the lung, cancer of the colon and metastatic disease. Conclusion: When all cancer cases in Jamaica for 2008 were considered, the highest frequency occurred in the age group 65 to 69 years. The mean age at which cancer was diagnosed was 59.1 years.","PeriodicalId":93064,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in journal of urology and nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48960266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}