Psychology and behavioral sciences (New York, N.Y. 2012)最新文献

{"title":"Christianity and Subjective Wellbeing: A Study of Hong Kong","authors":"Lufanna C. H. Lai","doi":"10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.17","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examined the relationship between Christianity and subjective wellbeing by embedding in a revised homeostatic model of subjective wellbeing (SWB) which integrates the affective (homeostatically protected mood: content, happy and excited), cognitive (self-esteem, optimism and perceived control: primary control and secondary control) and experiential factors relating to SWB. In Christianity, God is the creator and lord of life and its doctrine advocates self-abnegation and committing to God; hence, three hypotheses were tested as: First, compared with those without religious belief, the Christians would be higher in SWB, secondary control and optimism, but lower in primary control and self-esteem. Second, for the Christians, each of the cognitive factors of secondary control and optimism would predict more significant SWB variance beyond the other homeostatic model factors than that of primary control and self-esteem. Third, compared with those without religious belief, each of the cognitive factors of secondary control and optimism for Christians would predict more significant SWB variance beyond the other homeostatic model factors, while that of primary control and self-esteem would predict less significant SWB variance. Four hundred and eighteen Chinese respondents were recruited in Hong Kong (178 Christians and 240 without religious belief) to complete a questionnaire. The results revealed that no significant intergroup difference was found on SWB and all cognitive factors. Besides, while Christians’ optimism predicted more significant SWB variance than primary control (3%) and self-esteem (1%), their secondary control failed to make any independent contribution. Additionally, compared with those without religious belief, Christians’ primary control (2%) and self-esteem (3%) explained lesser significant SWB variance. However, while Christians’ optimism predicted more significant variance (3%) than those without religious belief, secondary control for each of the groups failed to make any independent contribution. The results were discussed in terms of inappropriateness and non-specificity of the scale used in measuring secondary control, and a newly proposed construct of religious self-esteem.","PeriodicalId":93047,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and behavioral sciences (New York, N.Y. 2012)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47952064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The House Imagery Test: A New Measure of Mental Status","authors":"Yuan Yuan, Xiaoxi Yu, Hongchuan Zhang","doi":"10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.16","url":null,"abstract":"Imagery Communication Psychotherapy (ICP), a Chinese native psychotherapy, uses imagery as a medium to communicate in depth with clients. As the most essential and widely used imagery in ICP, house imagery had been found efficient to reveal global mental status. On this basis, the House Imagery Test (HIT), a new projective test, was developed. This article reports the development and validation of the HIT on a survey of 478 undergraduate students. Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ) were used as criterion in the current study. The results showed that the HIT had good test-retest reliability (r = .69) and internal consistency (r = .79). Exploratory factor analysis of the HIT exhibited a 4-factor structure, which was verified by further confirmatory factor analysis. The HIT also correlated significantly with SCL-90, SDS, SAS, PANAS and TCSQ. Overall, the HIT had acceptable reliability and validity. It was proved to be a novel and solid projective test for measurement of mental status. These findings provide a new tool to aid the clinic practice and suggest a new technical route for the development of projective tests.","PeriodicalId":93047,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and behavioral sciences (New York, N.Y. 2012)","volume":"10 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49327181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Between Panic and Confrontation as a Step Towards Psychological Counselling: A Case Study of Faculty of Education Students of Helwan University","authors":"Salwa F. Abdel Megid Walid Abd El Baky, Khaled Mohamed Fargoun, Fatma Elzahraa Abdel Basit Abdel Wahed","doi":"10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.15","url":null,"abstract":"The worldwide panic over the spread of the Corona virus, all over the world, has made it a responsibility for researchers to research how to respond to the crisis and find effective mechanisms for positive dealing with it. Thus this paper aimed to identify the negative repercussions that have occurred due to the emergence of Corona-virus and the panic that ensued. Therefore the research objected to identify the reactions of university students towards this crisis and the ways of confrontation. Researchers wanted also to be informed about the students with high degrees of panic in order to design a mentoring program that may help such students deal with their panic. A test of Coping with Covid-19 Crisis and a test of Panic were applied to a sample of the faculty of education students. The results showed that about 44% of them were suffering from panic and in need of psychological health care. Most students used all of coping strategies and especially the Affective and the behavioral. Results showed highly significant difference, where female students were much more in panic compared to male students. We can predict the score of style of coping by knowing the score of panic. In conclusion, panic is negatively associated with strategies of confrontation, so the study recommends supporting positive coping strategies for individuals within crises.","PeriodicalId":93047,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and behavioral sciences (New York, N.Y. 2012)","volume":"10 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45512878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediating Role of Psychological Contract Fulfillment in the Relationship Between Organizational Support and Employee Performance","authors":"Samar Mahmoud Sheikh Elsouk, Shawky Elsubbagh, B. Ayoun, A. Radwan","doi":"10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.14","url":null,"abstract":"Increased competition, technologies, and downsizing, demographic diversity affect employment relationships and make the academic organization becoming more complex. As competition between firms becomes more fierce and fierce, the state of talent turnover directly affects the survival and development of the company. The human resource department is committed to effectively improving employees' enthusiasm and giving full play to employees' ability to tap into employees' potential, and then improve employee performance. One of the indicators of the company's success is the performance of the employees who work efficiently and effectively that would produce a good performance. Depending on the social exchange theory. This study examines the positive role of psychological contract fulfillment in the linking mechanism between organizational support and employee performance. The fact that organizational support plays an important role in enhancing employee performance has been studied in the literature. However, studying the mediating role of psychological contract fulfillment in the relationship between organizational support and employee performance is still needed. It is argued that psychological contract fulfillment is a vital mediator in the relationship between organizational support and employee performance. Therefore, the major aim of the current study is to provide empirical support for the relationship between organizational support and job performance and psychological contract fulfillment as a mediator.","PeriodicalId":93047,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and behavioral sciences (New York, N.Y. 2012)","volume":"10 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44140440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Music-related Auditory Stimulation and Phonological Working Memory","authors":"Kaija Fruechtenicht","doi":"10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.13","url":null,"abstract":"At first glance, children with language impairments are difficult to understand, which is why speech therapy tends to focus on pronunciation. Upon closer inspection, however, the impairment is often based on deficiencies in speech comprehension, phonological working memory and phoneme discrimination skills. Despite their importance for successful learning at school, working memory capacity and speech comprehension are still not components of conventional speech therapy. In this experiment, 92 preschool-aged children with deficiencies in speech comprehension and working memory were observed for a period of 15 weeks. Considering that working memory has in the past been considered unresponsive to speech therapy, the evaluation study focused on proving this to be achievable through music-related auditory stimulation. The children were divided into three groups. The experimental group (n=32) took part in auditory stimulation with technically modulated music for a period of 12 weeks. The special-attention group (n=31) was assisted in school activities for a similar period. The third group (n=37) served as a waiting list control group. The children in the experimental group showed significantly improved working memory capacity and better phoneme discrimination skills compared to the control groups. The findings of the study suggest that music-related auditory stimulation can support children with language impairments and improve their chances at school.","PeriodicalId":93047,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and behavioral sciences (New York, N.Y. 2012)","volume":"10 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48519147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health and Substance Use Disorder Co-Morbidities Among Teens in Treatment: SASSI-A3 Correlations in Screening Scores","authors":"N. Tiburcio, Scarlett L. Baker, Kristin S. Kimmell","doi":"10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.12","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an overview of a study investigating the co-occurrence of teen mental health and substance use disorders. These co-morbidities have proven problematic and difficult to treat and/or identify in this population. The data for this study was collected as part of The SASSI Institute’s third iteration of the Adolescent Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI-A3). A total of 515 teenagers in treatment, whose cases consisted of a valid and complete SASSI-A3, DSM-5 diagnostic evaluation, and client demographics, served as the dataset for the present study. Specifically, we focused on the frequencies of mental health diagnoses alongside a DSM-5 diagnosis of substance use disorder for teens who were seeking treatment for substance misuse issues. All participant cases were provided by clinicians working in service settings throughout the U.S. Census Regions (Northeast, Midwest, South, West). These professionals served in a variety of venues including substance use treatment and criminal justice programs, community corrections, private clinical practices, behavioral health centers, and social service organizations. All clinicians were qualified SASSI users who administered the SASSI-A3 via the SASSI Institute’s SUD web-based screening application. Substance abuse in teens can often be a sign of an attempt to self-medicate an untreated mental health disorder. Identifying possible correlations between SASSI-A3 scale scores and diagnosed mental health disorders, depression and anxiety in particular, can enable clinicians to direct the course of subsequent clinical interviews, and further assessments needed early in the counseling relationship.","PeriodicalId":93047,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and behavioral sciences (New York, N.Y. 2012)","volume":"10 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42110746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Negative Effect of Post-Traumatic Growth on Self-perceived Burden of Patients with Lung Cancer During Chemotherapy in China: A Cross-sectional Survey","authors":"Liu Guixia, Z. Hui, M. Yun","doi":"10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: self-perceived burden (SPB) is widespread in cancer patients, which is related to some physical symptoms, but more to psychological ones. Patients with lung cancer have a severe sense of self-burden and post-traumatic growth at different levels. As a protective factor of mental health, post-traumatic growth (PTG) how to influence SPB in cancer patients is rarely reported in the relevant literature. Purpose: To explore the effect of PTG on SPB and its influencing pathway of patients with lung cancer during chemotherapy, and to understand the potential mechanism, the indirect effect of PTG on SPB through illness perception and resilience was also studied. Methods: A total of 345 hospitalized chemotherapy patients with pathological diagnosis of lung cancer were enrolled as subjects. The level of illness perception, resilience, PTG and SPB were measured by the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), 10 item Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD RISC 10), Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and Self-Perceived Burden Scale for Cancer Patients (SPBS-CP), respectively. And they were analyzed that the effect of PTG on patients' SPB and its influence path. Results: Structural equation modeling results supported the hypothesis mediation model in predicting SPB (χ2=65.456, df=34, χ2/df=1.925, RMSEA=0.052, TLI=0.980, CFI=0.987) with fit indices. It showed that PTG had both direct effect (β=-0.437) and indirect effect via illness perception and resilience (95% confidence interval was - 1.183 to - 0.616, excluding 0, total indirect effect was - 0.212) on SPB of lung cancer patients during chemotherapy. Conclusions: PTG plays an obviously negative role in the SPB of patients with lung cancer during chemotherapy, and also has indirect effects on SPB through illness perception and resilience. It is necessary to strengthen multi-disciplinary cooperation and formulate relevant interventions to alleviate SPB by reducing patients' negative illness perception and improving their PTG and resilience.","PeriodicalId":93047,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and behavioral sciences (New York, N.Y. 2012)","volume":"10 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46328997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parents May Help Their Kids to Lie","authors":"Jinghua Tang","doi":"10.11648/j.pbs.20211006.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20211006.18","url":null,"abstract":"Deception was one way (possibly not a good way) for children to interact with surroundings by considering others’ perspective. The development of deception itself, as well as the strategy of deception, was related to the environment they lived in and people they live with. In this study, we conducted experiment using “Die in a cup” task. By inducing parents to help their children to lie about the dice results, we showed that in order to escape from uncertainty (in exp1), or get a bigger chance to win a reward (in exp2), parents, together with their kids, lied on a aggregated level. Specifically, baby boys adopted more radical strategies to win for a present (by claiming they got the best results, Boys vs. Girls: 29% vs. 13% in exp1, 9%:0.4% in exp2), while baby girls ended up to choose a better but not obvious result. Although parents were not directly tested in our experiments, it is only with their help that children could complete their game, particularly showed consistent deception. Compared to previous research that men constantly cheat more than women, we could say that the way children were brought up shaped the way they will be as an adult.","PeriodicalId":93047,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and behavioral sciences (New York, N.Y. 2012)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64831618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation and Validation of Conners-3 Teacher and Parent Rating Scales on Lebanese Children","authors":"Z. Haidar","doi":"10.11648/j.pbs.20211006.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20211006.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93047,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and behavioral sciences (New York, N.Y. 2012)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64831948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Students' Value Determinants on the Content of Decisions Made in Conditions of Uncertainty and Risk","authors":"Kuznetsova Julia Nikolaevna, Kalimullina Olga Anatolievna, Khairullin Raphael Ravilievich, Kalmanovich Vladimir Lvovich","doi":"10.11648/j.pbs.20211006.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20211006.16","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of decision-making (PR) is one of the most important research topics in both interdisciplinary and general psychological terms. Its relevance is related to the importance of the role that PR processes play in any behavioral act, including in the structure of activities. The solution of complex and diverse tasks related to decision-making is impossible without revealing the psychological characteristics of a person embedded in the patterns of organization and functioning of the psyche. Analyzing the content of the decisions made, you can most clearly and comprehensively trace the specific features perception, interpretation, and processing of information by the subject, which, in turn, depend on his value preferences. When they use the term \"decision\" (or \"decision making\"), they mean both the process and the result of choosing a goal and how to achieve it. The decision is a link between the processes of obtaining and processing information (cognition) and a particular variant of human behavior and action. Decision-making itself is certainly a psychological process that involves in developed forms a preliminary awareness of the goal and method of action, working out various options, etc., but it is \"located\" on the border between internal (mental) and external (subject-activity). In acceptance solutions integrate a person's knowledge, interests, and worldview. The most important feature of this process is its strong-willed nature. Decision-making is not only a specific type of purposeful human activity, but also an attribute of this activity, its structural element, and the value preferences of the individual play an important role in evaluating everything that happens.","PeriodicalId":93047,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and behavioral sciences (New York, N.Y. 2012)","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64831722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}