Brain Research Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation through attenuating blood-spinal cord barrier disruption and reducing inflammatory response to improve motor function in rats with spinal cord injury","authors":"Qingqin Xu ,&nbsp;Zhongfu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuqing Zhai ,&nbsp;Ji Chen ,&nbsp;Jianhua Xu ,&nbsp;Hemu Chen ,&nbsp;Jianwei Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI) typically focus on the lesion site, neglecting the interconnected brain areas. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an emerging non-invasive neuromodulation technique, demonstrating potential in modulating the primary motor cortex to enhance SCI recovery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The modified Allen's method was used to establish an SCI rat model. High-frequency repetitive TMS (HF-rTMS) intervention was initiated on the second day after modeling and continued for 56 days. Bioinformatics analysis identified key genes involved in the SCI pathological process, including MMP9, IL-1β, and IL-18. This study explored the functions and mechanisms of these genes in HF-rTMS-mediated motor recovery in SCI rats.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Western blotting reveals that HF-rTMS decreases active-MMP9/pro-MMP9, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18 proteins' expression, while increases β-DG, Occludin, Claudin-5, and ZO-1 proteins' expression in injured spinal cord (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Immunofluorescence staining further shows that HF-rTMS reduces MMP9 positive cells, while enhances Occludin, Claudin-5, and ZO-1 positive cells (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Evans Blue staining indicates that HF-rTMS reduces blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) permeability following injury, while ELISA results demonstrate that HF-rTMS attenuates serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Motor-evoked potentials (MEP) assessment, HE staining, and BBB score show that HF-rTMS shortens MEP latency, enhances MEP amplitude, reduces spinal cord damage and improves motor function (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings reveal that HF-rTMS may be associated with suppressing MMP9 activation, protecting tight junction proteins, diminishing basement membrane destruction, and maintaining BSCB integrity. Simultaneously, it may alleviate pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced inflammation, thereby reducing spinal cord tissue damage and promoting motor recovery after SCI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 111385"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute changes in functional connectivity associated with first osteopathic manual treatment in chronic low back pain spatially overlap with opioid receptor expression","authors":"Federica Tomaiuolo ,&nbsp;Francesco Cerritelli ,&nbsp;Carlo Sestieri ,&nbsp;Jordan Keys ,&nbsp;Teresa Paolucci ,&nbsp;Stefano L. Sensi ,&nbsp;Antonio Ferretti ,&nbsp;Stefano Delli Pizzi","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) has emerged as a therapeutic approach for chronic low back pain (cLBP). Previous Magnetic Resonance (MR) studies have demonstrated that four weeks of OMT alter resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in the somatosensory cortex, prefrontal regions, and frontal operculum/insula. However, it remains unclear whether a single session of OMT can immediately affect brain rs-FC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We combined a data-driven approach with a seed-based connectivity analysis to examine the pattern of whole-brain rs-FC in a cohort of thirty cLBP patients before and after a first acute session of OMT (N = 16) or a sham treatment (N = 14). Correlation analyses were performed to explore the relationship between the resulting rs-FC maps and receptor density/gene expression maps derived from in vivo brain atlases, focusing on the opioid and cannabinoid systems.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data-driven analysis revealed that, compared to the sham group, the OMT increased the intrinsic connectivity of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Seed-based connectivity analysis showed that this region increased coupling with the right frontal operculum/insula. Notably, no effect of immediate OMT was found in the somatosensory cortex. The topography of these rs-FC changes selectively overlapped with the distribution of mu-opioid receptors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Acute OMT in cLBP patients modulates rs-FC across cortical regions primarily involved in top-down cognitive control of pain, as well as in integrating pain intensity perception and related expectations. Spatial comparisons between rs-FC maps and receptor atlases suggest that these neural changes involve opioid, not cannabinoid, neurotransmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 111375"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycine alters the sequential pattern of swallowing activity in juvenile rat working heart–brainstem preparations","authors":"Tetsuya Seikai ,&nbsp;Tadashi Yamanishi ,&nbsp;Takeshi Harada ,&nbsp;Yudai Ono ,&nbsp;Tadataka Tsuji ,&nbsp;Takahide Kondo ,&nbsp;Takahiro Nishio ,&nbsp;Yusuke Yokota ,&nbsp;Koji Ishihama ,&nbsp;Akifumi Enomoto ,&nbsp;Takeshi Togawa ,&nbsp;Susumu Tanaka ,&nbsp;Mikihiko Kogo","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Swallowing is a centrally programmed intricate activity modulated by both excitatory and inhibitory neural transmissions to ensure that aspiration does not occur. However, the role of inhibitory transmission in swallowing is not clearly understood. The working heart–brainstem preparation (WHBP) has recently gained attention as a tool for studying the central mechanisms of swallowing. Nevertheless, the swallowing activity elicited from the WHBP has not been adequately validated. Therefore, we aimed to confirm whether the neuronal activity elicited from the WHBP represented authentic swallowing activity and to investigate the roles of inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in the development of sequential swallowing. By applying electrical stimulation to the superior laryngeal nerve of the WHBP, sequential muscle activity was recorded from multiple muscles, from the oral cavity toward the oesophagus. This activity transported the staining solution administered through the oral cavity to the lower end of the oesophagus, confirming the activity elicited from the WHBP as swallowing activity. Additionally, we found that administering a glycine receptor antagonist accelerated the timing of activation of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle during sequential swallowing activity, whereas the administration of a GABA_A receptor antagonist had no effect. In conclusion, we validated that the WHBP elicits swallowing activity upon electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve, and that glycine receptors contribute to the orchestration of the sequential swallowing activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 111378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Diagnostic Imaging of the Glial Lymphatic System in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Feiyue Mi, Xiaoyan Yang, Xueyan Huang, Gaoqiang Xu, Dongfeng Pan, Changyin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The glial lymphatic system (GLS) is responsible for removing metabolic waste and aberrantly deposited substances from brain by exchanging materials with interstitial fluid (ISF), thereby maintaining cerebral homeostasis. Dysfunction in this system can result in the abnormal accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau proteins, leading to cognitive impairments. Recent advancements in neuroimaging have enhanced the evaluation of GLS function, forming a vital component of Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnostics. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the imaging performance of various methods used to visualize the glial lymphatic system in Alzheimer's disease (AD), highlighting their respective advantages and limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"111377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant Interhemispheric Resting State Functional Connectivity and Corpus Callosum Microstructure in Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.","authors":"Mingyue Ma, Yu Shang, Xiaoying Lin, Wenxuan Han, Yihao Peng, Shenghai Wang, Chen Niu, Haining Li, Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute carbon monoxide poisoning (ACOP) is a significant contributor to acute poisoning incidents worldwide, with numerous patients suffering from cognitive impairment. Growing evidence indicates that patients with ACOP exhibit both disrupted functional connectivity and corpus callosum (CC) degeneration. Nevertheless, how interhemispheric connectivity is altered in ACOP and how such alterations relate to cognitive deficits remain largely unexplored. In this study, multimodal magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 30 patients with ACOP and 28 healthy controls (HC), and their cognitive functions were evaluated. Group differences in the voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) index and CC white matter microstructure were analyzed. Furthermore, mediation analysis was conducted to elucidate the interrelationships among CC integrity, interhemispheric connectivity, and cognitive impairment. Compared to HC, patients with ACOP exhibited reduced VMHC values in the middle frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, precentral gyrus, and temporal regions, along with decreased fractional anisotropy values in the subregions of the CC, including the genu, body, and splenium. Partial correlation analyses showed that VMHC in the inferior parietal lobule positively correlated with Glasgow Coma Scale scores. In addition, VMHC in both the inferior parietal lobule and the middle temporal gyrus positively correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic scores. Mediation analysis indicated that changes in interhemispheric connectivity played a crucial role in mediating the effect of CC integrity on cognitive impairment. Together, these findings may offer novel insights into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying ACOP.</p>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"111376"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of native vs. non-native language and non-speech sounds in one-week-old neonates: An fNIRS study","authors":"Yinchun Ma ,&nbsp;Jianming Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruochen Dang ,&nbsp;Nan Wang ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Mei Yu ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Chen ,&nbsp;Peiting Shen ,&nbsp;Quan Wang ,&nbsp;Jinhua Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Early infant phonological and non-phonological perceptual abilities are crucial for future language learning. Previous studies have focused on the changes in the cerebral cortex of infants and toddlers during speech perception, while the changes in the cerebral cortex during non-speech perception remain poorly understood.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate cortical activation patterns and differences in full-term healthy newborns under different speech and non-speech stimuli by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The cohort included 36 full-term healthy neonates (7.4 ± 6.0 days) exposed to two types of speech stimuli (native Mandarin and non-native Spanish) and three non-speech stimuli (music, cat calls, and noise) in a block design. Brain activity was monitored across eight brain regions of interest (ROIs) were monitored using fNIRS (54 channels): frontal pole area (FPA), middle frontal gyrus (MFG), primary sensorimotor cortex, middle temporal gyrus (MTG), superior temporal gyrus (STG), fusiform gyrus (FFG), Wernicke's area, and Broca's area.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mandarin stimulation activated all ROIs in newborns. Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin concentrations in FPA, MFG, STG, MTG, FFG, Wernicke's area, and Broca's area were significantly higher during Mandarin exposure compared to Spanish (p &lt; 0.05). MTG activation was significantly greater during Mandarin exposure compared to cat calls (p = 0.005), music (p = 0.040), and noise (p &lt; 0.001). Similarly, MFG and Broca's area showed significantly greater activation during music exposure compared to Spanish and noise stimuli (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The newborn brain can perceive various speech and non-speech stimuli, demonstrating a preference for native language stimuli, followed by music. The ability to perceive non-native languages, animal calls, and noise appears more limited. These findings could provide some references for future research on infant and toddler language development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 111370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143921730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terahertz radiation affects the dynamics of neurons by decreasing membrane area ratio","authors":"Shaoqing Ma ,&nbsp;Siyu Li ,&nbsp;Huan Wang ,&nbsp;Yingwei Li ,&nbsp;Chengbiao Lu ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Li","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terahertz radiation at specific frequencies and energies can mediate cellular morphology or function changes by exciting nonlinear resonance effects in proteins or DNA. However, the effects of terahertz radiation on neuronal morphology and function are currently unknown, and the correlation between neuronal morphology and kinetic properties after terahertz radiation remains to be elucidated. In this paper, we first characterized the changes in neuronal morphology by the relative ratio of neuronal cytosol to protruding membrane area. Analyzed the pattern of the influence of terahertz radiation on neuronal morphology and the cumulative effect. On this basis, this paper constructs a kinetic model of neurons regulated by terahertz radiation, investigates the influence law of terahertz radiation on the kinetic properties of neurons, and analyzes the correlation between neuronal morphology and kinetic properties. The results showed that terahertz radiation caused a decrease in the membrane area ratio of neuronal cytosol to protrusion, and this effect started on the first day of terahertz radiation and lasted until the end of terahertz radiation; terahertz radiation changed the neuronal discharge pattern by decreasing the membrane area ratio of neuronal cytosol to protrusion and lowered the frequency of neuronal inter-cluster discharges and amplitude of action potentials, and increased the neuronal intra-cluster discharge. In addition, terahertz radiation can increase the peak value of neuronal postsynaptic currents by decreasing the membrane area ratio. In summary, terahertz radiation can modulate neurons' morphology and change their firing patterns and kinetic properties by affecting their morphology. These predict that terahertz radiation at specific frequencies and energies can be developed as a novel, molecular-level neuromodulation technique for intervening or treating neuronal degenerative diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 111373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jujuboside A improves insomnia by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in prefrontal neurons","authors":"Zhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinyue Che ,&nbsp;Tingyu Feng ,&nbsp;Juntao Zou ,&nbsp;Guangpei Chen ,&nbsp;Wenping Guo ,&nbsp;Chunmei Ma ,&nbsp;Haozhe Yuan ,&nbsp;Jingying Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaowu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Jujuboside A (JB-A) is the major component of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae (SZS), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used to treat sleep with clinical efficacy. This is the first study to investigate the effects of JB-A on mitochondrial structure and function in the prefrontal cortex of the insomnia model mice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Young adult C57BL/6 mice were induced to develop insomnia by P-chlorophenylalanine. After 14 d of JB-A treatment via gavage, anxiety level was assessed using the open field and elevated plus maze tests. Next, the mitochondrial metabolic activity and morphological changes in the prefrontal cortex of each group of mice, as well as their effects on mitochondrial membrane potential, oxidative phosphorylation levels, and cytochrome c (Cyt c) content in neurons were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In our mouse model, JB-A ameliorated anxiety-like behaviors; up-regulated the membrane potential (Δψm) and had a therapeutic effect on the metabolic activity and damaged microscopic structure of mitochondria in the prefrontal cortex; effectively improved mitochondrial function by increasing the expression of Cyt c oxidase I and IV proteins, ATPase activity, and ATP content; and reduced the accumulation of Cyt c in the neuronal cytoplasm while inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>JB-A can improve insomnia by restoring mitochondrial intracellular oxidative phosphorylation, regulating mPTP to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis, and alleviating structural damage, providing a scientific basis for finding new targets for insomnia treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 111372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excitation-inhibition imbalance in the auditory cortex causes sound recognition impairment in noisy environment in hidden hearing loss mice","authors":"Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Zhu ,&nbsp;Yihong Jiang ,&nbsp;Tong Chang ,&nbsp;Yang Fu ,&nbsp;Kan Wu ,&nbsp;Zeyu Zheng ,&nbsp;Zuoming Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaocheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Noise–induced hidden hearing loss (HHL) is a type of hearing dysfunction caused by moderate noise exposure. It is clinically manifested as speech recognition impairment in noisy environments while the hearing threshold remains within the normal range. The mechanism by which noise exposure causes speech recognition impairment remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the excitation–inhibition status in the auditory cortex of HHL mice and its roles in sound recognition disability in noisy environments. A model of HHL in mice was induced using 110 decibels (dB) of helicopter noise for 2 h, the sound recognition–avoidance decision (SRAD) behavioral test was used to evaluate sound recognition ability. The activation level of excitatory neurons and the expression of vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGluT1) and glutamate decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) in the auditory cortex were observed. Mice were administered α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist NBQX. The results showed increased cFos expression in the auditory cortex of HHL mice and an upregulated ratio of activated CaMKⅡ⁺ neurons. Furthermore, the expression of VGluT1 and GAD67 increased in an imbalanced manner under an 80 dB noise stimulus for 2 h. The SRAD behavioral tests showed the HHL mice maintained normal sound recognition ability under quiet conditions but not in a noisy environment. The NBQX treatment improved sound recognition but did not restore normal status. This study suggested that the excitation–inhibition imbalance in the auditory cortex of mice with HHL might be the direct cause of sound recognition disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 111371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the effects and related mechanisms of geomagnetic storm on depression","authors":"Hui Wu ,&nbsp;Yuan Yang ,&nbsp;Weiyu Chang ,&nbsp;Xinli Chen ,&nbsp;Shiqi Yang ,&nbsp;Min Xu ,&nbsp;Keyu Liu ,&nbsp;Yu Yun ,&nbsp;Liang Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Depression has become disabling disease in the world. Geomagnetic storm is closely related to depression behavior, and melatonin is an important factor in the pathogenesis of depression. This study observed the effects of different intensities of geomagnetic storm on melatonin in depressed rats. Aim to provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of depression and other melatonin related mental illnesses during geomagnetic storms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) were exposed to geomagnetic storms of different intensities for 7 days. The depressive behavior of CUMS rats was determined via the weigh, sucrose preference test, elevated plus maze test, novelty-suppressed feeding test and open field test. Then, through the use of kits, qPCR analysis, immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis of melatonin synthesis, melatonin metabolism and melatonin receptor pathway related indicators. Performed to explore the effects of different intensities of geomagnetism on CUMS rats and the related molecular mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The reults showed moderate geomagnetic storms (50 nT) protected against depressive behaviors in CUMS rats by increasing melatonin synthesis and metabolism and MT1 receptor pathway activity, while a extreme geomagnetic storms (500 nT) and shielding from geomagnetic storms (0 nT) inhibited melatonin synthesis and metabolism and the MT1 receptor pathway and aggravated injury.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this study we found moderate geomagnetic storms (50 nT) protected against depressive behaviors in CUMS rats, while a extreme geomagnetic storms (500 nT) and shielding from geomagnetic storms (0 nT) aggravated injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 111369"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}