Brain Research Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Blockade of PVN neuromedin B receptor alleviates inflammation via the RAS/ROS/NF-κB pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats","authors":"Kai-Li Liu ,&nbsp;Tian-Ze Sun ,&nbsp;Yu Yang ,&nbsp;Qian-Xi Gao ,&nbsp;Li-Mei Tu ,&nbsp;Jia-Yue Yu ,&nbsp;Qiao-Zhen Tian ,&nbsp;Li-Yan Fu ,&nbsp;Shu-Huan Tang ,&nbsp;Hong-Li Gao ,&nbsp;Jie Qi ,&nbsp;Yu-Ming Kang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Jing Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuromedin B (NMB) has potentially great impacts on the development of cardiovascular diseases by promoting hypertensive and sympatho-excitation effects. However, studies regarding the NMB function in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) are lacking. With selective neuromedin B receptor (NMBR) antagonist, BIM-23127, we aim to determine whether the blockade of NMB function in PVN could alleviate central inflammation and attenuate hypertensive responses. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were chronically infused with BIM-23127 in the PVN for 6 weeks. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was assessed with tail cuff and electrophysiological acquisition systems. PVN tissues were collected to analyze expressions of Fra-LI, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-4), renin-angiotensin system (angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), ACE2, and AT1-reporter (AT1-R)) and oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD)1, NADPH oxidase (NOX)2, and NOX4). ELISA was used to detect inflammation indices, norepinephrine (NE), and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 in plasma and PVN tissue homogenate. Compared to WKY, SHR exhibited higher mean arterial pressure (MAP), plasma NE, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (PICs). Higher PVN levels of Fra-LI, PICs, ACE, AT1-R, ROS, NOX2, NOX4, and NF-κB p65, while lower central levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (AICs), ACE2, and SOD1 were observed in SHR. Administration of BIM-23127 in PVN reversed all these changes in SHR. In SHR, blockade of NMBR in the PVN inhibited sympatho-excitation and attenuated hypertensive response. The attenuation mechanism may involve reducing inflammation and the RAS/ROS/ NF-κB pathways in PVN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 111180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of different auditory environments on task performance and EEG activity","authors":"Zhen Xue ,&nbsp;Wenxiao Zhong ,&nbsp;Yong Cao ,&nbsp;Shuang Liu ,&nbsp;Xingwei An","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mental workload could affect human performance. An inappropriate workload level, whether too high or too low, leads to discomfort and decreased task performance. Auditory stimuli have been shown to act as an emotional medium to influence the workload. For example, the ‘Mozart effect’ has been shown to enhance performance in spatial reasoning tasks. However, the impact of auditory stimuli on task performance and brain activity remains unclear. This study examined the effects of three different environments—quiet, music, and white noise—on task performance and EEG activities. The N-back task was employed to induce mental workload, and the Psychomotor Vigilance Task assessed participants’ alertness. We proposed a novel, statistically-based method to construct the brain functional network, avoiding issues associated with subjective threshold selection. This method systematically analyzed the connectivity patterns under different environments. Our analysis revealed that white noise negatively affected participants, primarily impacting brain activity in high-frequency ranges. This study provided deeper insights into the relationship between auditory stimuli and mental workload, offering a robust framework for future research on mental workload regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 111142"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between BDNF related signaling pathways and depression: A literature review","authors":"Yuchen Fan ,&nbsp;Xinchi Luan ,&nbsp;Xuezhe Wang ,&nbsp;Hongchi Li ,&nbsp;Hongjiao Zhao ,&nbsp;Sheng Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Li ,&nbsp;Zhenkang Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depression is a debilitating mental disease that inflicts significant harm upon individuals and society, yet effective treatment options remain elusive. At present, the pathogenesis of multiple depression is not fully clear, but its occurrence can be related to biological or environmental pathways, among which Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can unequivocally act on two downstream receptors, tyrosine kinase receptor (TrkB) and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), then affect the related signal pathways, affecting the occurrence and development of depression. Accumulating studies have revealed that BDNF-related pathways are critical in the pathophysiology of depression, and their interaction can further influence the efficacy of depression treatment. In this review, we mainly summarized the signaling pathways associated with BDNF and classified them according to different receptors and related molecules, providing promising insights and future directions in the treatment of depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 111143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of TCM network pharmacology and experimental verification to explore the mechanism of kaempferol against epilepsy","authors":"Jiaojiao Zhao ,&nbsp;Xia Qin ,&nbsp;Lei Yang ,&nbsp;Han Guo ,&nbsp;Siruan Chen ,&nbsp;Keying Tian ,&nbsp;Qinghui Guo ,&nbsp;Wenya Zhao ,&nbsp;Panpan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhanfeng Jia ,&nbsp;Zuxiao Yang ,&nbsp;Dezhi Kong ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Kaempferol (KF), the main active ingredient in identifying the authenticity of safflower, has a variety of pharmacological activities and neuroprotective effects. However, the mechanism of KF in the treatment of epilepsy remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of KF on epilepsy and its related mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Network pharmacology was used to explore the targets and mechanisms of safflower antiepileptic action. The protective effect of KF on epilepsy was assessed in the behavior and tissues of epileptic mice. Additionally, the impact of KF on the excitability and calcium transients of rat cortical neurons and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionicacid receptor (AMPAR) were investigated using patch clamp and calcium imaging techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Network pharmacology indicated safflower could be involved in calcium signaling pathways and calcium channel inhibitor activity. Experimental validation demonstrated that KF delayed seizure onset and mitigated neuronal damage in the prefrontal cortex of mice. It also reduced neuronal excitability, as indicated by action potential parameters, and suppressed Glutamate (Glu)-induced calcium transients. In tsA201 cells, KF inhibited AMPAR-mediated currents, suggesting a role in regulating [Ca²⁺]_i homeostasis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results indicate that KF's anticonvulsant properties may arise from its neuroprotection against cell injury, edema, and necrosis, its reduction of neuronal hyperexcitability, and its prevention of calcium-induced cytotoxicity, potentially involving AMPAR modulation. This study positions KF as a promising candidate for epilepsy therapy, offering a scientific foundation for its clinical investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 111150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BHLHE40 regulates microglia polarization after spinal cord injury via the NF-κB pathway","authors":"Chao Ma ,&nbsp;Yansong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease characterized by neuroinflammation and irreversible neuronal loss. The basic helix-loop-helix family member e40 (Bhlhe40) is a stress-responsive transcription factor involved in the pathological process of inflammation. However, Bhlhe40 expression and its role in SCI are largely unknown. SCI rat models were established with an aneurysm clip and then the rats were injected with lentiviral Bhlhe40 shRNA to knock down Bhlhe40 expression. <em>In vitro,</em> BV2 microglia cells were stimulated with LPS and IFN-γ to promote M1 microglia polarization. The results showed that Bhlhe40 expression was significantly elevated in the injured spinal cord tissue. Bhlhe40 deficiency reduced neuroinflammation and neuronal loss, and then promoted the recovery of neurological function. Additionally, Bhlhe40 knockdown alleviated neuronal apoptosis by regulating microglia polarization. In our study, Bhlhe40 knockdown inhibited M1 microglia polarization and the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). Meanwhile, the NF-κB pathway was inhibited after the Bhlhe40 knockdown in SCI rats. To further explore the functional role of Bhlhe40, we performed <em>in vitro</em> experiments. Bhlhe40 knockdown decreased M1 microglia polarization by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, our study indicates that Bhlhe40 knockdown can alleviate the progression of SCI and its underlying mechanism in regulating macrophage polarization through the NF-κB pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 111139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol alleviates depression-like behaviors by inhibiting ferroptosis via AKT/NRF2 pathway","authors":"Chen Li ,&nbsp;Hailong Ge ,&nbsp;Junjie Huang ,&nbsp;Lujia Si ,&nbsp;Limin Sun ,&nbsp;Lan Wu ,&nbsp;Ling Xiao ,&nbsp;Yinping Xie ,&nbsp;Gaohua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common, and successful treatment remains challenging. Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol, has been shown to alleviate depression-like behaviors, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We previously developed a new model of depression by inducing hippocampal ferroptosis in rats, suggesting that ferroptosis may be involved in the development of MDD. Here, we further explored the antidepressant-like effect of resveratrol and its association with ferroptosis. Male rats were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), with or without resveratrol, followed by comprehensive behavioral testing. In PC12 cells <em>in vitro</em>, LY294002 (an AKT inhibitor) and ML385 (an NRF2 inhibitor) were used to elucidate the involvement of AKT/NRF2 signaling in resveratrol-mediated ferroptosis. mRNA and protein levels of AKT/NRF2 pathway and ferroptosis-related targets were measured. Ferroptosis was quantified by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and Fe²⁺ content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Resveratrol ameliorated depression-like behaviors in rats, simultaneously restoring AKT/NRF2 pathway and ferroptosis-related targets in the hippocampus downregulated by CUMS. Elevated markers of oxidative stress in plasma were attenuated by resveratrol. Furthermore, erastin induced ferroptosis and inhibited AKT/NRF2 signaling in PC12 cells, which was counteracted by resveratrol. Additionally, the impact of resveratrol on erastin-induced ferroptosis was reversed by LY294002 and ML385. This study demonstrates that resveratrol ameliorates depression-like behaviors by inhibiting ferroptosis via the AKT/NRF2 pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 111136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobiological correlates of reactive aggression in young adults with internet gaming disorder","authors":"Shijie Chen ,&nbsp;Hongwei Hong ,&nbsp;Yuhong Zhou ,&nbsp;Xinyu Huang ,&nbsp;Xuemei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous research has found a significant positive correlation between internet gaming disorder (IGD) and reactive aggression (RA), with excessive use of online games increasing aggression in subjects. However, the neural mechanisms underlying increased RA in IGD are unclear. This study explores the neurobiological underpinnings of reactive aggression in young adults with IGD.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This case-control study included 84 young adults, comprised of 23 subjects with IGD, 24 at-risk participants, and 37 healthy controls. Employing T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis was conducted to evaluate the gray matter volume (GMV) changes among groups, and the partial correlations between GMV alterations and RA score were investigated. Finally, mediation analyses were conducted to examine whether GMV alterations could modulate the relationship between IGD degree and RA score.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with controls, the IGD group showed significantly increased GMV in the middle frontal gyrus (MFG), parahippocampal gyrus and significantly decreased GMV in the right median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG), while the at-risk group showed significantly increased GMV in the left MFG. In addition, the RA score showed a significant negative correlation (r=-0.301, p=0.006) with the mean GMV of the right DCG. Furthermore, the mean GMV of the right DCG significantly mediated the correlation between degrees of IGD and RA score, and the effect size for this mediation effect was 22.8 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings provide potential early risk biomarkers for IGD and enhance our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms linking RA to IGD, thus facilitating several potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 111133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amyloid beta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and endothelial permeability in cerebral microvascular endothelial cells: The protective role of dexmedetomidine","authors":"Haifeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Mingyue Fan ,&nbsp;Jin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Gao ,&nbsp;Liang Chen ,&nbsp;Lining Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication in patients who undergo anesthesia in different types of surgeries. Emerging evidence implicates elevated beta-amyloid (Aβ) in the pathogenesis of POCD. Meanwhile, Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has recently shown promise in reducing POCD incidence. This study aimed to elucidate the role of Aβ in inducing endothelial permeability in cerebral microvascular endothelial cells and the underlying mechanisms and testing the effects of DEX. We demonstrated that Aβ_1–42, the prevalent Aβ form related to POCD, is cytotoxic to HBMECs, increasing transendothelial permeability and inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, as evidenced by elevated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased ATP production and mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, Aβ_1–42 was shown to inhibit Sirt3, exacerbating mitochondrial dysfunction. Conversely, DEX was found to prevent Aβ_1–42-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and permeability increases and preserved tight junction proteins in HBMECs.These findings suggest that DEX, as a Sirt3 activator, may offer a pharmacological strategy to mitigate Aβ_1–42-related cerebral microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction and preserve cognitive function post-surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 111137"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vibrotactile stimulation at 40 Hz inhibits Aβ-induced changes in SH-SY5Y, BV2 cells, and pericytes","authors":"Chang-Ho Shin ,&nbsp;Byung-Woo Kang ,&nbsp;Min-Woo Cho ,&nbsp;Jae-Young Ha ,&nbsp;Jai-Jun Choung ,&nbsp;Dong-Keun Song ,&nbsp;Hee-Kyoung Ko ,&nbsp;Myeong-Hyun Nam ,&nbsp;Young-Kwon Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) poses a major societal challenge, yet no definitive cure exists. Noninvasive brain stimulation methods, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation, have shown promise in alleviating cognitive symptoms associated with neurodegenerative disorders. This study investigated the effects of 40 Hz vibrotactile stimulation on AD-related cellular responses using SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, primary human brain pericytes, and BV2 microglia. SH-SY5Y cells and brain pericytes treated with oligomeric beta-amyloid (Aβ) underwent 40 Hz vibrational stimulation for varying durations. Cell viability was determined via the CCK-8 assay, while intracellular calcium levels in pericytes were assessed. Protein expression was measured using western blotting, and gene expression was quantified via a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Detailed vibrational parameters were employed to ensure precise stimulation. Notably, 40 Hz vibrotactile stimulation improved cell viability in Aβ-exposed SH-SY5Y cells, reduced intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) levels in Aβ-treated pericytes, activated autophagy, and mitigated tau hyperphosphorylation in SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, it exhibited anti-neuroinflammatory properties in BV2 microglia. These findings highlight the potential of 40 Hz vibrotactile stimulation as a therapeutic strategy for AD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 111138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The effect of clozapine on immune-related biomarkers in schizophrenia patients” [Brain Res. Bull. 218 (2024) 111104]","authors":"Lu Shao,&nbsp;Yu Li,&nbsp;ZhiYao Yuan,&nbsp;XiYu Guo,&nbsp;GuoJi Zeng,&nbsp;JunPeng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9302,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research Bulletin","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 111127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}