Comptes Rendus Geoscience最新文献

{"title":"Lingual Actinomycosis Clinically Simulating Nodular Median Rhomboid Glossitis: Literature Review and Report of Additional Case.","authors":"Magdalena Raquel Torres Reyes, Matheus Henrique Lopes Dominguete, Julia Biliato Javaroni, Heitor Albergoni da Silveira, Evânio Vilela Silva, Jorge Esquiche León","doi":"10.1007/s12070-023-04045-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-023-04045-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Actinomycosis is an uncommon, subacute to chronic, suppurative bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces Israelii. About 3% of all actinomycosis cases occur in the tongue, often affecting adult patients (mean age, 50 years). The clinical characteristics of actinomycosis can resemble malignant or benign tumors, and other infectious diseases. A 56-year-old woman was referred presenting an ulcerated lesion on the tongue 1 year ago. Intraoral examination revealed an edematous nodular lesion with an ulcerated surface, slightly symptomatic, on the midline dorsum of posterior tongue, suggesting nodular median rhomboid glossitis. Cytology smear was negative for fungus. After excisional biopsy, histopathological examination showed a chronic inflammatory infiltrate supported by a fibrovascular connective tissue stroma, and at the deepest part, broad basophilic areas surrounded by neutrophils, containing numerous filamentous bacilli, which were highlighted by Gram and Groccott-Gomori staining. The final diagnosis was lingual actinomycosis. Oral amoxicillin treatment (8/8 h for 2 weeks) was started, and after 1-month complete resolution was observed. Lingual actinomycosis is a rare lesion that must be recognized by dentists, because its early diagnosis and correct treatment reduce the possibility of a clinical complication that compromises the patient's quality of life. Noteworthy, when located on the midline dorsum of posterior tongue, actinomycosis can simulate nodular median rhomboid glossitis, expanding its spectrum of clinical differential diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50651,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Geoscience","volume":"345 1","pages":"3984-3987"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10645888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75944258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rôle of Nuclear energy for fighting climate change: assets and weaknesses in a global perspective","authors":"","doi":"10.5802/crgeos.21-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.21-en","url":null,"abstract":"L’énergie nucléaire de fission est une source d’électricité décarbonée qui fait un usage particulièrement économe de la matière et de l’espace, et qui a fait de la France la « bonne élève » de la lutte contre les gaz à effet de serre. Elle est largement déployée dans notre pays, ce qui est un atout quand on se pose sérieusement la question de la trajectoire à construire et non simplement celle de l’objectif à atteindre. En tant que telle, elle a pleinement sa place dans les stratégies énergétiques à mettre en œuvre face au réchauffement climatique. Mais l’analyse de ses atouts et de ses faiblesses demande une approche intégrant la question des ressources en uranium, la question de la sûreté et celle du vieillissement des équipements, les problèmes associés au démantèlement des centrales en fin de vie, et enfin la gestion des déchets produits par cette source d’énergie. Aucun de ces aspects ne peut être abordé indépendamment des autres, aucune de ces questions ne peut faire l’économie d’une réflexion sur les échelles de temps impliquées. Enfin la question de la coexistence de l’énergie nucléaire et des autres sources d’électricité impose une réflexion sur la nature des réseaux, les capacités de stockage et la flexibilité du mix énergétique. La question du coût du nucléaire ne peut être rationnellement posée que dans le cadre de cette approche globale. Nuclear fission energy is a carbon-free source of electricity which makes particularly economical use of matter and space, and which has made France the “good student” in the fight against greenhouse gases. It is widely deployed in our country, which is an asset when we seriously ask ourselves the question of the trajectory to be constructed and not simply that of the objective to be achieved. As such, it fully has its place in the energy strategies to be implemented in the face of global warming. But the analysis of its strengths and weaknesses requires an approach integrating the issue of uranium resources, the issue of safety and that of aging of equipment, the problems associated with the dismantling of plants at the end of their life, and finally management. of the waste produced by this energy source. None of these aspects can be tackled in isolation from the others, none of these issues can be addressed without thinking about the timescales involved. Finally, the question of the coexistence of nuclear energy and other sources of electricity requires reflection on the nature of the networks, storage capacities and the flexibility of the energy mix. The question of the cost of nuclear power can be addressed within the framework of this global approach only.","PeriodicalId":50651,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Geoscience","volume":"12 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136347402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pesticide upsurge, cross-contamination and biodiversity: case studies from the Caribbean Coast Human-Environment Observatory","authors":"Vincent Hervé, Pierre Sabatier, Josie Lambourdière, Richard Raymond, Eric Foulquier, Iwan Le Berre, Pascal Jean Lopez","doi":"10.5802/crgeos.236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.236","url":null,"abstract":"Similar to many small islands within the Wider Caribbean Region, the French West Indies are rich but fragile island ecosystems threatened by global warming, pollutants and other anthropic pressures. To understand integrated and complex human impacts on the environment, the Caribbean Coast Human-Environment Observatory (OHM) is developing disciplinary and interdisciplinary studies related to the local-scale driving factors that affect the coastal evolution in Guadeloupe. We present here results that show the multiple causalities, causal asymmetries, and equifinality of environmental pollution related to chlordecone, glyphosate, arsenic and Sargassum and highlight the need to bring further knowledge and awareness to the local populations on these concerns.","PeriodicalId":50651,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Geoscience","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136346630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change, an opportunity for humanity?","authors":"","doi":"10.5802/crgeos.28-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.28-en","url":null,"abstract":"Le changement climatique est une chance s’il provoque un sursaut pour éviter le repli sur les Etats-nations, prendre conscience du destin commun des humains et admettre la nécessité d’une gouvernance mondiale. C’est l’occasion d’adapter nos systèmes normatifs dans le domaine juridique, politique et anthropologique. Dans le domaine juridique, les Accords de Paris ont construit un espace normatif à géographie variable et à plusieurs vitesses et les procès climatiques engagés forment déjà un laboratoire pour observer les dynamiques à l’œuvre, y compris à travers les échecs. Sur le plan politique, la reconnaissance des interdépendances appelle une nouvelle « gouvernance SVP » qui agrègerait les Savoirs avec les Vouloirs des citoyens pour encadrer les Pouvoirs. A son tour, cette reconnaissance appelle une refondation anthropologique selon laquelle les droits et libertés de l’individu émancipé seraient complétés de nouveaux devoirs de solidarité permettant de transformer la mondialisation en une mondialité apaisée. Climate change is an opportunity if it provokes a leap of faith to avoid withdrawal into nation-states, to become aware of the common destiny of humans and to recognize the need for global governance. In other words, it is an opportunity to adapt our normative systems in the legal, political and anthropological fields. In the legal field, the Paris Agreement has constructed a normative space with variable geography and different speeds, and the climate processes underway already form a laboratory for observing the dynamics at work, including through failures. At the political level, the recognition of interdependencies calls for a new “governance” that would combine scientific knowledge with the wills of the citizens to frame the powers. In its turn, this recognition calls for an anthropological refoundation according to which the rights and freedoms of the emancipated individual would be complemented by new solidarity rights that would allow the transformation of the globalization into a pacified mondialité.","PeriodicalId":50651,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Geoscience","volume":"106 21","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135136403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change and education","authors":"","doi":"10.5802/crgeos.26-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.26-en","url":null,"abstract":"Figurant comme une des obligations de l’Accord de Paris ratifié en 2016, l’éducation au changement climatique est un outil précieux pour agir à grande échelle sur les comportements et les choix des sociétés. Elle est aussi une requête de la jeunesse, confrontée plus que d’autres à un avenir qui l’inquiète, mais cette éducation peut aussi aider à mobiliser son énergie. Nombre d’efforts surgissent pour assurer cette éducation, dont le caractère systémique et pluridisciplinaire demande une évolution substantielle des programmes scolaires. Le rôle des professeurs est crucial et leur accompagnement l’est tout autant. Parmi nombre d’initiatives, il nous semble essentiel de leur offrir des outils pédagogiques basés sur le meilleur état de l’art des connaissances scientifiques sur le climat, à savoir les rapports du Groupe d’experts Intergouvernemental pour l’Étude du Climat (GIEC). Education dealing with climate change is part of the UNFCCC Paris Agreement ratified in 2016. Education is precious to act on a broad scale on people’s behavior and society choices. It is also a demand from the youth who, more than others, is facing a worrying future, but can be helped for a mobilization of energies. Numerous initiatives emerge to implement it, while its systemic and interdisciplinary character requests a significant evolution of school’s curricula. The role of teachers is crucial and accompanying them essential. We therefore consider critical to propose pedagogical resources, which are based upon the best current knowledge on climate, i.e. the reports from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).","PeriodicalId":50651,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Geoscience","volume":"9 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What transitions for climate change mitigation? Global transformations, societal dimensions and insights for decision makers","authors":"","doi":"10.5802/crgeos.18-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.18-en","url":null,"abstract":"Le rapport spécial du GIEC sur « un réchauffement global à 1,5 °C » met en évidence les trajectoires d’émissions de gaz à effet de serre, compatibles avec l’objectif d’atténuation global de l’Accord de Paris, présente les actions d’atténuation à envisager dans l’ensemble des systèmes pour induire ces trajectoires d’émissions et analyse les synergies et possibles risques de tension entre stratégies d’atténuation et enjeux de développement durable. L’analyse met en évidence la nécessité d’atteindre des réductions drastiques d’émissions globales de dioxyde de carbone à court terme et de cibler la neutralité carbone entre 2050 et 2070, ainsi que des actions ciblées pour limiter les émissions des autres gaz à effet de serre. Pour atteindre de tels objectifs, des transformations radicales sont nécessaires dans les systèmes énergétiques, industriels, d’infrastructure et d’usage des sols. L’adoption de stratégies systémiques impliquant des paquets d’actions et de politiques, conçues en fonction des spécificités de chaque contexte et avec une perspective de long terme est indispensable pour induire ces transformations de façon cohérente avec l’atteinte des objectifs socio-économiques et de développement. The IPCC Special report on “Global Warming of 1.5 °C” identifies the greenhouse gas emissions trajectories compatible with the global mitigation goal of the Paris Agreement, presents the mitigation actions required to follow these trajectories and analyses the synergies and trade-offs with sustainable development objectives. The assessment highlights the necessity to implement drastic global carbon emissions reductions in the short term, to reach global carbon neutrality between 2050 and 2070 and to implement targeted actions to limit other greenhouse gases. To this aim, rapid and far-reaching transformations are required in energy, industrial, infrastructure and land-use systems. Adopting systemic strategies combining policy packages elaborated according to the specificities of each country context and with a long-term perspective is a requirement for ensuring that these low-emission transformations can be compatible with the achievement of socio-economic and development objectives.","PeriodicalId":50651,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Geoscience","volume":"5 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which transformations for climate change mitigation? From global to French emissions pathways","authors":"","doi":"10.5802/crgeos.23-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.23-en","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50651,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Geoscience","volume":"88 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135341622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le verre, un matériau omniprésent","authors":"","doi":"10.5802/crgeos.171-fr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.171-fr","url":null,"abstract":"Glasses play a fundamental role in our daily lives at the economic, cultural, societal, energy and geological levels. Geological glasses testify to igneous activity of the Earth and represent an important material for tools and ornamental objects from the Paleolithic to the present day. Glasses are also used to manufacture technical materials, such as containers (dishes, glasses, jars, bottles ...), screens (television, computer, smartphone ...), fibers with multiple applications (reinforcement, information, transport, energy, health ...), to ensure the storage of domestic or nuclear waste and, more recently, biomaterials (dental or bone implants ...). Thus, silica-based glasses are at the heart of the history of the Earth and humanity. The variation in composition of natural and industrial glasses is vast but its structure is generally based on a tetrahedral frame of SiO 4 units, the backbone of more than 90% of the glasses that surround us in our daily lives. Around this silica frame, other chemical elements are well constrained to form to form a single unit structure for use as network modifying elements, charge compensator, dyes, volatiles, and other substances. This article is a short introduction on glass. Les verres jouent un rôle fondamental dans notre vie quotidienne aux niveaux économique, culturel, sociétal, énergétique et géologique. Les verres géologiques témoignent de l’activité ignée de la Terre et représentent une source importante d’outils et d’objets décoratifs du paléolithique à nos jours. Les verres sont également utilisés pour fabriquer des matériaux techniques, tels que des récipients (plats, verres, bocaux, bouteille ...), des écrans (télévision, ordinateur, smartphone ...), des fibres aux applications multiples (renforcement, transport d’information, énergie, santé ...), pour assurer le stockage des déchets domestiques ou nucléaires et, plus récemment, des biomatériaux (implants dentaires ou osseux ...). Les verres à base de silice sont donc au cur de l’histoire de la Terre et de l’humanité. La variation de la composition des verres naturels et industriels est vaste mais sa structure est généralement basée sur une trame tétraédrique d’unités SiO 4 , épine dorsale de plus de 90% des verres qui nous entourent au quotidien. Autour de cette trame de silice, les autres éléments chimiques se répartissent en éléments modificateurs de réseau, compensateur de charge, colorants, volatiles, et l’ensemble constitue un seul matériau ou substance. Cet article est une brève introduction au verre.","PeriodicalId":50651,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Geoscience","volume":"7 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135392007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy and climate: challenges and innovations","authors":"","doi":"10.5802/crgeos.25-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.25-en","url":null,"abstract":"L’accès à l’énergie est un facteur clé du développement économique des pays. On examinera dans un premier temps l’évolution des différents modes d’accès à l’énergie et sa corrélation avec la population mondiale et le PIB des pays. Nous verrons que les objectifs de diminution des émissions de gaz carbonique qui demandent une transformation profonde de notre accès à l’énergie seront très difficiles à atteindre. Nous verrons aussi que l’amélioration thermique des bâtiments, et en particulier la rénovation de l’habitat ancien, est une des pistes possibles. Access to energy is a key factor in the economic development of countries. We will first examine the evolution of different ways to access to energy and their correlations with world population and countries’ GDP. We will see that the objectives of reducing carbon dioxide emissions which require a profound transformation of our access to energy will be very difficult to achieve. We will also see that the thermal improvement of buildings, and in particular the renovation of existing housing, is one of the possible objective.","PeriodicalId":50651,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Geoscience","volume":"9 29","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cities and climate change: buildings and urban land use","authors":"","doi":"10.5802/crgeos.19-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.19-en","url":null,"abstract":"Les politiques urbaines et les modes de vie des citadins sont un élément central de la question climatique. Nous vivons en effet dans un monde de plus en plus urbanisé, et les villes sont responsables de plus des deux tiers des consommations d’énergie mondiales. La manière dont sont conçus les bâtiments, et l’organisation spatiale des villes jouent un rôle fondamental sur ces consommations d’énergie et les émissions associées. Faire en sorte qu’elles soient cohérentes avec les enjeux environnementaux amène la plupart du temps de nombreux co-bénéfices vis-à-vis des autres enjeux (sociaux et économiques) auxquels sont confrontés les décideurs urbains. C’est ce qui explique que les villes soient globalement très actives sur la question du climat, même si les défis restent importants. Urban policies and city inhabitants behaviors are at the forefront of global environmental issues. We live indeed in an urbanizing world, and cities are responsible for approximately two third of global energy consumptions. How buildings are built, and how cities are organized are both key drivers of greenhouse gases emissions. Making them coherent with environmental constraints often lead to co-benefits with other urban issues such as economic competitiveness or social inclusiveness. This explains why cities are globally active concerning climate change, even if much still needs to be done.","PeriodicalId":50651,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Geoscience","volume":"88 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135341619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}