Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water最新文献

{"title":"(De)centralized Water Futures: Key Dimensions of Infrastructure, Governance, and Operations.","authors":"Alicia Dailey Cooperman, Jenny Linder Rempel, Ellis Adjei Adams, Alida Cantor, Manuela Muñoz Fuerte, Jeremiah Osborne-Gowey, Nicole J Wilson, Cassandra L Workman, Melissa Beresford, Leila M Harris, Linda E Méndez-Barrientos, Sameer H Shah, Amber Wutich, Justin Stoler","doi":"10.1002/wat2.70035","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wat2.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water system centralization and decentralization have variously been promoted as key to achieving household water security and Sustainable Development Goal 6.1. We argue that the lack of specificity with which scholars and practitioners use the terms centralization and decentralization limits our understanding of different water system configurations and their impacts. In this Primer, we provide a framework for thinking about levels of (de)centralization across three linked system dimensions: infrastructure, governance, and operations and maintenance. We encourage those analyzing water systems to characterize (de)centralization with respect to these multiple dimensions, as well as the system's broader political-economic and hydro-climatic contexts. Emphasizing the importance of delineating the scale of analysis, we highlight distinct system configurations and the prevalence of hybridity. Increased specificity about dimensions and scale can clarify how the character of, or changes to, a given system impact users, which is critical to assessing their implications for water security, sustainability, and equity. We conclude with recommendations for future research to analyze the opportunities and challenges associated with different water system configurations. This article is categorized under: Human Water > Water Governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23774,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water","volume":"12 5","pages":"e70035"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Call for a Unified Database to Address Exposure Disparities in the United States.","authors":"Jahred M Liddie, Mona Q Dai, Xindi C Hu, Elsie M Sunderland","doi":"10.1002/wat2.70033","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wat2.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>United States (US) drinking water quality is federally regulated under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) with the goal of ensuring clean, safe drinking water for the entire population. However, siting of pollution point sources in historically redlined communities with lower socioeconomic status and higher proportions of people of color adversely affects drinking water quality. Prior studies show higher concentrations of a suite of contaminants in small PWS, PWS in rural areas, and PWS serving greater proportions of people of color. Drinking water crises in Flint, Michigan (ca. 2014) and Jackson, Mississippi (ca. 2022) are visible examples of a chronic and widespread pattern of elevated exposures in certain communities. Comprehensive state monitoring data produced as part of compliance with the SDWA are presently not accessible to the public. Further, metadata on water treatment technology and sociodemographic composition of customers served are lacking. Here we argue that improving data transparency is essential for spearheading action to address exposure disparities. We propose the creation of a unified national public database on water quality, treatment technology, and customer metadata with accompanying visualizations for the public that leverage new AI tools. Public action to address exposure disparities gained momentum over the last 30 years but was halted abruptly in 2025. Therefore, new partnerships are urgently needed to continue the pursuit of environmental justice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23774,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12392122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Practitioner-Informed Decision Tree for Selecting Harmful Cyanobacteria Bloom Control and Mitigation Techniques.","authors":"Desirée Tullos, Megan M Skinner, Hans W Paerl, Ellen P Preece","doi":"10.1002/wat2.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wat2.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms (HCBs) threaten ecological and human health, and their incidence and magnitude appear to be rising globally. However, a lack of guidance exists on how to choose the best HCB control and mitigation strategy for different types of water bodies. The portfolio of available in situ control techniques is diverse, ranging from experimental to well established, with complicated and poorly-documented records of effectiveness across different settings and a range of unintended ecological consequences. We introduce a decision tree that synthesizes current science and practitioner experience in a framework that can be used to examine conditions under which HCB control techniques are likely to be appropriate and most effective. The factors that establish branching and the classification of techniques within the decision tree were based on the review of peer-reviewed and gray literature, and on responses to a national survey. Key factors influencing the feasibility and effectiveness of HCB control include whether nutrient loads are sourced externally or internally, the size of the treatment area, and the vulnerability of and regulations governing the receiving water body. Survey results point to important regional differences in the application of HCB control techniques, whereas demonstration of the decision tree with real-world case studies highlights some of the practical issues managers face in making decisions about treatment techniques. Supporting Information provides a comprehensive review of current science, appropriate use, and costs for individual techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":23774,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11887456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holocene sedimentary history of the Silala River (Antofagasta Region, Chile)","authors":"Claudio Latorre, Matías Frugone‐Álvarez","doi":"10.1002/wat2.1699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1699","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Assessing past and ongoing climate change in the central Andes is critical for understanding the impact of future environmental changes under anthropogenic warming. Emerging from springs located in Bolivia and flowing into northern Chile's Atacama Desert, the Silala River contains inset, terraced wetland (or in‐stream) deposits that provide a unique opportunity to study the impact of past hydroclimate change in a sensitive groundwater system with a small catchment area. After an initial (late Pleistocene) period of deep incision to form the present ravine, in‐stream wetland fine‐grained deposits formed during three phases of aggradation dated to >8.5–1.9 ka (Unit 1), >0.65–0.2 ka (Unit 2), and <0.2 ka to the recent 20th century (Unit 4). These phases of accumulation were coeval with periods of well‐dated records of elevated groundwater tables throughout northern Chile. Phases of abrupt downcutting occurred due to a lowering of the water table after 1.9 ka and before 0.2 ka. The cycle of erosion and deposition clearly continues to the present as evinced by the very recent (21st century) incision of Unit 4 (>1.5 m in some areas) throughout sectors of the Silala where dried‐out standing vegetation can be seen. Such recent incision may be due to multiple different factors, including recent climate change coupled with intense extraction of groundwater resources by the copper mining industry. This article is categorized under: Human Water > Water Governance Science of Water > Hydrological Processes Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change","PeriodicalId":23774,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water","volume":" 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135290810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The geological evolution of the Silala River basin, Central Andes","authors":"Nicolás Blanco, Edmundo Polanco","doi":"10.1002/wat2.1695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1695","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Improved understanding of the geology and stratigraphic architecture of the Silala River basin and its evolution, reviewed here, has been important in providing scientific evidence to an international dispute between Chile and Bolivia on the nature and origin of the waters of the Silala River. The dispute was submitted in 2016 to International Court of Justice (ICJ), which issued its judgment in 2022. The Silala River has evolved within an active volcanic chain, in the western region of the Andean plateau. Various volcanic structures, at different stages of their evolution, have determined the basin's development. The first evidence of alluvial drainage associated with the Silala fluvial system appeared in the Lower Pleistocene (ca. 2.6–1.6 Ma), a record of alluvial deposits with paleoflow directions toward the Southwest and South‐Southwest. These deposits had an important role in forming a highly permeable horizon, confined between two pyroclastic deposits (the Cabana and Silala Ignimbrites) which comprise the main regional aquifer in the basin, although there are other minor locally important aquifers. The second stage in the evolution of the river system occurred in the late Upper Pleistocene‐Lower Holocene (ca. 11–8.5 ka BP), when an erosive period carved the current trans‐boundary ravine in the Silala Ignimbrite. Morphological evidence clearly shows that the ravine was carved by fluvial action. The only documented tectonic activity during the development of the Silala River basin is the Cabana reverse fault and associated normal faults, representing an East–West shortening, which occurred between 2.6 and 1.6 Ma. This article is categorized under: Science of Water &gt; Water and Environmental Change Science of Water &gt; Hydrological Processes Water and Life &gt; Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems Human Water &gt; Water Governance","PeriodicalId":23774,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135169881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances and gaps in the science and practice of impact‐based forecasting of droughts","authors":"Anastasiya Shyrokaya, Florian Pappenberger, Ilias Pechlivanidis, Gabriele Messori, Sina Khatami, Maurizio Mazzoleni, Giuliano Di Baldassarre","doi":"10.1002/wat2.1698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1698","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Advances in impact modeling and numerical weather forecasting have allowed accurate drought monitoring and skilful forecasts that can drive decisions at the regional scale. State‐of‐the‐art drought early‐warning systems are currently based on statistical drought indicators, which do not account for dynamic regional vulnerabilities, and hence neglect the socio‐economic impact for initiating actions. The transition from conventional physical forecasts of droughts toward impact‐based forecasting (IbF) is a recent paradigm shift in early warning services, to ultimately bridge the gap between science and action. The demand to generate predictions of “what the weather will do” underpins the rising interest in drought IbF across all weather‐sensitive sectors. Despite the large expected socio‐economic benefits, migrating to this new paradigm presents myriad challenges. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of drought IbF, outlining the progress made in the field. Additionally, we present a road map highlighting current challenges and limitations in the science and practice of drought IbF and possible ways forward. We identify seven scientific and practical challenges/limitations: the contextual challenge (inadequate accounting for the spatio‐sectoral dynamics of vulnerability and exposure), the human‐water feedbacks challenge (neglecting how human activities influence the propagation of drought), the typology challenge (oversimplifying drought typology to meteorological), the model challenge (reliance on mainstream machine learning models), and the data challenge (mainly textual) with the linked sectoral and geographical limitations. Our vision is to facilitate the progress of drought IbF and its use in making informed and timely decisions on mitigation measures, thus minimizing the drought impacts globally. This article is categorized under: Science of Water &gt; Water Extremes Science of Water &gt; Methods Science of Water &gt; Water and Environmental Change","PeriodicalId":23774,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water","volume":"AES-18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeological characterization of the Silala River catchment","authors":"Carolina Gómez, Francisco Suárez, Sebastián García, José F. Muñoz","doi":"10.1002/wat2.1697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1697","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article reviews hydrogeological studies carried out between 2016 and 2018 in the Silala River basin, a catchment shared by Chile and Bolivia. These were conducted in the context of the Case Concerning the Status and Use of the Waters of the Silala River, submitted to the International Court of Justice in 2016, and contributed to multidisciplinary science to demonstrate that this system is an international watercourse. In 2016, the hydrogeological understanding of the Silala River basin was poor. The studies reviewed here filled many knowledge gaps, providing a solid hydrogeological baseline, and establishing new monitoring infrastructure to collect relevant aquifer data. The most important hydrogeological units were identified as the fluvial deposits, alluvial deposits, and the Cabana ignimbrite. The latter is highly heterogeneous, weathered and fractured, and exhibits a high permeability. It is the most important unit in terms of productivity, and is the major regional aquifer providing spring flows to Bolivian wetlands and groundwater flow across the international border. The studies provided a preliminary understanding of the main aquifers in Chile and their properties, which underpinned the development of a robust hydrogeological conceptual model of the system, reviewed elsewhere in this special issue. Subsequent refinements are also summarized. This work confirmed that both surface water and groundwater flows from Bolivia to Chile, and thus confirms the status of the Silala River as an international watercourse and provided the basis for a basin‐scale groundwater numerical model, used to investigate the impact of wetland channelization on surface water/groundwater partitioning. This article is categorized under: Science of Water &gt; Hydrological Processes","PeriodicalId":23774,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water","volume":"49 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135414143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrological modeling of the Silala River basin. 2. Validation of hydrological fluxes with contemporary data","authors":"Gonzalo Yáñez‐Morroni, Francisco Suárez, José F. Muñoz, Magdalena Sofía Lagos","doi":"10.1002/wat2.1696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1696","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A companion paper in this Special Issue reviewed the development of a hydrological model of the Silala River basin, using long‐term data (1969–1992) to determine the basin's water balance and plausible groundwater recharge scenarios. In the context of a remote river basin with limited in situ data, this article reviews the potential of in situ and remotely collected data, available for a relatively short period (2018–2019), to validate various aspects of the hydrological model performance. These include the spatiotemporal evolution of snow cover areal fraction (SCF), actual evapotranspiration (ET a ) in the basin's extensive alluvial deposits, and wetland ET a . The observed SCF dynamics are well represented by the model at annual and monthly timescales, with monthly mean simulated SCF biases between −5.6% and 8%. At daily timescales, the model successfully captures snowstorm occurrence, although there are limitations on snow spatial patterning. Simulated ET a over alluvial deposits agrees with in situ observations during periods of high ET a , although the simulated values underestimate site‐specific observations during low ET a periods, due to the presence of lateral subsurface flows. In the wetlands, satellite‐based ET a estimates follow the seasonal pattern of in situ observations, but with values ~50% higher than those determined from elevation‐corrected eddy‐covariance (EC) measurements. Nonetheless, this difference is within the expected precision of the remote sensing method. Although based on a limited period, the validation results are encouraging, and demonstrate the utility of satellite tools and limited period in situ data for watersheds with scarce long‐term data. This article is categorized under: Science of Water &gt; Hydrological Processes","PeriodicalId":23774,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warding off freshwater salinization: Do current criteria measure up?","authors":"Martyn G. Kelly, Gary Free, Agnieszka Kolada, Geoff Phillips, Stuart Warner, Georg Wolfram, Sandra Poikane","doi":"10.1002/wat2.1694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1694","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Salinization is a global threat to freshwater habitats that has been intensified by climate change. Monitoring, assessment and management of salinity is therefore essential. The first step is to set criteria that are sufficiently stringent to protect ecosystem health. However, many countries have not yet defined criteria, and there are substantial differences between criteria. This has been noted in the EU, where salinity is a required “supporting element” for ecological status in inland waters but also for implementation of UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicator 6.3.2. for “good ambient water quality” where different approaches and widely different threshold values were reported for salinity criteria. Much of this information has not been published and is difficult to access, hindering further efforts to address the problem. We first discuss the implications of salinization for freshwater ecological health. We go on to discuss the principles and guidelines on how salinity criteria to protect ecology should be established. Next, we review salinity criteria submitted as part of implementation of SDG indicator 6.3.2 and the EU Water Framework Directive. Finally, we discuss setting salinity thresholds in an already‐warming world and the challenges facing anyone trying to develop salinity criteria to protect freshwater ecosystems. This article is categorized under: Water and Life &gt; Stresses and Pressures on Ecosystems Water and Life &gt; Conservation, Management, and Awareness Science of Water &gt; Water Quality","PeriodicalId":23774,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrological modeling of the Silala River basin. 1. Model development and long‐term groundwater recharge assessment","authors":"Gonzalo Yáñez‐Morroni, Francisco Suárez, José F. Muñoz, Magdalena Sofía Lagos","doi":"10.1002/wat2.1690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1690","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Silala is a small river, originating in the Andean Altiplano, which flows from Bolivia into Chile. Prior to a legal dispute between Chile and Bolivia over the status and use of the waters of the Silala, few hydrological studies had been performed in the basin. Further insights were required to better understand the surface‐water and groundwater discharges from Bolivia to Chile, and the effects of historical channelization of the Bolivian wetlands on these flows. A semi‐distributed hydrological model was therefore developed to estimate the discharges from the basin and provide recharge inputs to a groundwater model used to investigate the effects of channelization. Long‐term temperature and precipitation data were available for 1969–1992, while more detailed data were available for 2018–2019. 1969–1992 was selected as a suitable length of record for long‐term groundwater recharge estimation, and the recent data were reserved for model validation, reported in a companion paper. Prior model parameter ranges were identified based on field observations and scientific literature, and sampling of both input and parameter uncertainty allowed determination of representative, lower and upper groundwater recharge scenarios. Results show strong inter‐annual and seasonal variability, the largest groundwater recharge being observed during the Austral summer. A representative groundwater recharge rate of 39.5 mm/year was obtained for the basin to the international border, with feasible lower and upper bounds of 34.9 and 50.2 mm/year, respectively. This lies within the range of 21–51 mm/year estimated by Bolivia for 1969–2017, albeit higher than their best estimate (24 mm/year). This article is categorized under: Science of Water &gt; Hydrological Processes","PeriodicalId":23774,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135257891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}