British Journal of Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Advancing gender equity in sport: a scoping review of international sport federation policies for pregnant, postpartum and parenting elite athletes","authors":"Margie H Davenport, Gyanjot Bains, Melanie Hayman, Chenxi Cai, Nonhlanhla S Mkumbuzi, Tara-Leigh McHugh","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109135","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The aim was to synthesise international-level sport policies for pregnant, postpartum or parenting high-performance athletes in order to understand what policies currently exist and to identify policy gaps to be addressed. Design Scoping review. Data sources Online databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscuss, Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews (Ovid), Scopus, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.gov) and Google up to 14 June 2024. Additionally, a targeted search of existing policies was conducted via the websites of International Federations (IFs) and continental sporting organisations (CSOs) in September 2023. Eligibility criteria We included policies from IFs recognised by the International Olympic Committee, and CSOs associated with the IFs that specifically address pregnant, postpartum or parenting athletes. Policies were a written principle of action adopted by the IFs/CSOs that provided any form of support during pregnancy, post partum or for parents. Results A total of 219 organisations (49 IFs; 170 CSOs) were identified and contacted, with 47/49 (96%) IFs and 15/170 (9%) CSOs responding. Sport policies related to pregnancy, postpartum or parenting athletes were identified from 20 IFs including (1) guidance on training/competition during and following pregnancy; (2) eligibility affected or training not advised; (3) protection from dismissal; (4) special rank, points or quota protection; (5) protections apply to adoption, surrogacy, miscarriage, stillbirth, egg freezing and/or fertility treatment; (6) duration of leave and if leave is paid and (7) breastfeeding support/space. No policies identified specific provisions for childcare support/space. Conclusions Less than half of all IFs have developed sport policies to support pregnant, postpartum and parenting athletes. Of the policies that do exist, most are limited in the extent to which they address the broad range of biopsychosocial supports that are necessary for facilitating optimal performance, enhancing long-term athlete health and addressing gender inequities that are deeply entrenched across all levels of sport. This review provides a critical piece of evidence needed to inform future policy development. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise as a renal-protective strategy: slowing chronic kidney disease progression and optimising dialysis care (PhD Academy Award)","authors":"Hugo de Luca Corrêa, Thiago dos Santos Rosa","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109812","url":null,"abstract":"My PhD investigated the effects of resistance training (RT) on physiological, molecular and clinical profile in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This work encompassed six studies, including randomised controlled trials,1 2 epidemiological analyses,3–5 and an umbrella review,6 exploring the role of muscle mass and exercise in preserving renal function and improving health outcomes in patients with CKD across different disease stages. In total, data from over 1000 patients were analysed, covering a wide spectrum of disease severity and intervention strategies. CKD affects >10% of the global population, leading to progressive renal function decline, increased morbidity and high healthcare costs. Muscle loss is prevalent in CKD, contributing to frailty, inflammation and cardiovascular disease, yet exercise remains underutilised in renal care. RT has shown promise in mitigating CKD-related muscle atrophy, but its feasibility and long-term impact remain unclear. My research aimed to fill this gap by evaluating how RT affects renal function, inflammation and metabolic health, with the goal of establishing exercise as a key therapeutic strategy in CKD management. This PhD included a series of experimental and observational studies:","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of postpartum physical activity on maternal depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Andy Deprato, Stephanie-May Ruchat, Muhammad Usman Ali, Chenxi Cai, Milena Forte, Madelaine Gierc, Sarah Meyer, Talia Noel Sjwed, Safi Shirazi, Brittany A Matenchuk, Paris A T Jones, Allison Sivak, Margie H Davenport","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-108478","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-108478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the influence of postpartum exercise on maternal depression and anxiety.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review with random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Online databases up to 12 January 2024, reference lists, recommended studies and hand searches.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria: </strong>Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised interventions of any publication date or language were included if they contained information on the Population (postpartum people), Intervention (subjective or objective measures of frequency, intensity, duration, volume, type, or mode of delivery of exercise), Comparator (no exercise or different exercise measures), and Outcome (postpartum depression, anxiety prevalence, and/or symptom severity).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 35 studies (n=4072) were included. Moderate certainty evidence from RCTs showed that exercise-only interventions reduced the severity of postpartum depressive symptoms (19 RCTs, n=1778, SMD: -0.52, 95% CI -0.80 to -0.24, I²=86%, moderate effect size) and anxiety symptoms (2 RCTs, n=513, SMD: -0.25, 95% CI -0.43 to -0.08, I²=0%, small effect size), and the odds of postpartum depression by 45% (4 RCTs, n=303 OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.95, I²=0%) compared with no exercise. No included studies assessed the impact of postpartum exercise on the odds of postpartum anxiety. To achieve at least a moderate reduction in the severity of postpartum depressive symptoms, postpartum individuals needed to accumulate at least 350 MET-min/week of exercise (eg, 80 min of moderate intensity exercise such as brisk walking, water aerobics, stationary cycling or resistance training).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postpartum exercise reduced the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms and the odds of postpartum depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"550-561"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality: an individual participant data meta-analysis.","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-108117corr1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-108117corr1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"59 8","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of exercise on musculoskeletal pain and disability in the postpartum period: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Stephanie-May Ruchat, Nicole Beamish, Sophie Pellerin, Muhammad Usman, Sinead Dufour, Sarah Meyer, Allison Sivak, Margie H Davenport","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-108488","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-108488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the impact of exercise on musculoskeletal pain (low back pain (LBP), pelvic girdle pain (PGP), lumbopelvic pain (LBPP) and bodily pain) and kinesiophobia during the postpartum period.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review with random effects meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Study eligibility criteria: </strong>Online databases were searched from database inception to 12 January 2024. Studies of all designs (except case studies) of any publication date or language were included if they contained information on the population (women and people in the first year postpartum), intervention (subjective or objective measures of frequency, intensity, duration, volume or type of exercise, alone ('exercise-only') or in combination with other interventions (eg, electrotherapy, infrared irradiation, ultrasound; 'exercise+cointervention')), comparator (no exercise or different exercise measures) and outcome (symptom severity of LBP/PGP/LBPP, related disability, bodily pain and kinesiophobia).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>37 studies (N=3769 participants) from 15 countries were included. Moderate certainty evidence showed that exercise-only interventions, including various strengthening exercises targeting the trunk muscles, were associated with a greater reduction in LBPP symptom severity (4 randomised controlled trials (RCTs), n=210; mean difference -2.21 points (on a 0-10 Visual Analogue Scale) 95% CI -3.33 to -1.08) and related disability (6 RCTs, n=296; standardised mean difference -1.17, 95% CI -1.92 to -0.43; large effect size) as compared with no exercise. Similar results were found for bodily pain (2 RCTs, n=318). Evidence was limited and inconclusive regarding the impact of exercise interventions on kinesiophobia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Postnatal exercises, including a variety of muscular strengthening exercises targeting the trunk muscles, decrease the symptom severity of LBPP and related disability.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"594-604"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of esports on its participation, health and performance: a mixed-methods study (PhD Academy Award)","authors":"Di Tang","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109820","url":null,"abstract":"I investigated how physical exercise influences esports performance and examined fundamental issues in esports development through five interconnected studies. This research focused on establishing standardised terminology, analysing health impacts, exploring gender participation patterns and evaluating the effectiveness of structured exercise programmes in enhancing competitive gaming performance. Esports has gained recognition as a formal sport and made appearances in major international events like the Asian Games. However, several critical issues remain unresolved. First, the lack of standardised terminology creates confusion in research methodology and result interpretation, hindering academic development.1 Second, while esports is frequently associated with negative health outcomes,2 existing studies have methodological limitations and fail to distinguish between casual gaming and esports.3 Most importantly, as esports athletes become increasingly professional, their typically short career spans, often attributed to health issues, highlight the urgent need to explore the potential benefits of traditional sports training methods.4 5 While preliminary evidence suggests physical exercise may enhance cognitive function, reaction time and sustained attention, systematic empirical evidence remains scarce.6 7 Additionally, despite the increasing number of female participants in esports, particularly in mobile gaming, research on gender-specific experiences and barriers remains insufficient. Indeed, for esports to develop into a formally recognised competitive sport with status equal to traditional athletics and gain global recognition, its equality and inclusivity are crucial.8 Therefore, developing a deeper understanding of …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amount and intensity of daily total physical activity, step count and risk of incident cancer in the UK Biobank","authors":"Alaina H Shreves, Scott R Small, Rosemary Walmsley, Shing Chan, Pedro F Saint-Maurice, Steven C Moore, Keren Papier, Kezia Gaitskell, Ruth C Travis, Charles E Matthews, Aiden Doherty","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109360","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives To investigate associations between daily physical activity, activity intensity and step counts with incident cancer risk. Methods Prospective analysis of UK Biobank participants who wore wrist-based accelerometers for 7 days, followed for cancer incidence (mean follow-up 5.8 years, SD 1.3). Time-series machine-learning models derived total physical activity, sedentary behaviour (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), moderate-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and step counts. The outcome was a composite of 13 cancers previously associated with low physical activity in questionnaire-based studies. Cox proportional hazard models estimated HRs and 95% CIs, adjusted for demographic, health and lifestyle factors. We also explored associations of LIPA, MVPA and SB with cancer risk. Results Among 85 394 participants (median age 63 (IQR 56–68)), 2633 were diagnosed with cancer during follow-up. Compared with individuals in the lowest quintile of total physical activity (<21.6 milligravity units), those in the highest (34.3+) had a 26% lower cancer risk (HR=0.74 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.84)). After mutual adjustment, LIPA (HR=0.94 (95% CI 0.90 to 0.98)) and MVPA (HR=0.87 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.94)) were associated with lower risk, but SB was not. Similar associations were observed for substituting 1 hour/day of SB with LIPA or MVPA. Daily step counts were inversely associated with cancer, with the dose-response beginning to plateau at around 9 000 steps/day (HR=0.89 (95% CI 0.83 to 0.96) 7000 vs 5000 steps; HR=0.84 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.93) 9000 vs 5000 steps). There was no significant association between stepping intensity (peak 30-minute cadence) and cancer after adjusting for step count. Conclusion Total physical activity, LIPA, MVPA and step counts were inversely associated with incident cancer. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. This research was conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under Application Number 59070. Data are accessible through the UK Biobank following an application process and approval from the UK Biobank Research Ethics Committee.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic liability to sedentary behaviour and cardiovascular disease incidence in the FinnGen and HUNT cohorts","authors":"Laura Joensuu, Kaisa Koivunen, Niko Paavo Tynkkynen, Teemu Palviainen, Jaakko Kaprio, FinnGen Consortium, Marie Klevjer, Karsten Øvretveit, Ulrik Wisløff, Anja Bye, Ulf Ekelund, Elina Sillanpää","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109491","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Energy-saving sedentary behaviour may be an evolutionarily selected trait that is no longer advantageous. We investigated the associations between genetic liability to sedentary behaviour and the incidence of the most common cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods We constructed and validated a genome-wide polygenic score for leisure screen time (PGS LST) as a measure of genetic liability to sedentary behaviour. We performed survival analyses between higher PGS LST and register-based CVDs using the FinnGen cohort (N=293 250–333 012). Replication and exploratory analyses were conducted in an independent Norwegian Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) cohort (N=35 289). Results In FinnGen, each SD increase in PGS LST was associated with a higher risk of incident CVD (HR: 1.05 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.06)) (168 770 cases over 17 101 133 person-years). The magnitudes of association for the three most common CVDs were 1.09 ((95% CI 1.08 to 1.09), 1.06 ((95% CI 1.05 to 1.07) and 1.05 ((95% CI 1.04 to 1.06) for hypertensive disease, ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, respectively. Those in the top decile of PGS LST had 21%, 35%, 26% and 19% higher risk of any CVD, hypertensive disease, ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, respectively, than those in the bottom decile. Associations were replicated in HUNT and remained independent of covariates (socioeconomic status, body mass index and smoking) except for cerebrovascular disease. Besides direct effects, reduced physical activity served as a potential mediating pathway for the observed associations. Conclusions We found that genetic liability to sedentary behaviour is associated with incident CVD, although effect sizes with current PGS remained small. These findings suggest that genetic liability to sedentary behaviour is an under-recognised driver of common CVDs. Data are available on reasonable request. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. The used FTC subsample data are in the Biobank of the National Institute for Health and Welfare. Data are available for qualified researchers through a standardised application procedure (see the website &lt;https://thl.fi/en/web/thl-biobank/for-researchers&gt; for details). Access to individual-level genotypes and register data from FinnGen participants can be applied via the Fingenious portal (&lt;https://site.fingenious.fi/en/&gt;) hosted by the Finnish Biobank Cooperative FinBB (&lt;https://finbb.fi/en/&gt;). The register data also needs permission from FinData ([www.findata.fi][1]). Researchers affiliated with a Norwegian research institution can apply for HUNT data access from the HUNT Research Centre ([www.ntnu.edu/hunt][2]) if they have obtained project approval from the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REC). Researchers not affiliated with a Norwegian research institution should collaborate with and apply through a Norwegian principal investigator. Information on the application and conditi","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommendations and regulations for sport events in the heat: ReFORM summary of the International Olympic Committee's consensus statement.","authors":"Anne-Charlotte Dupont, Camille Tooth, Franck Brocherie, Sebastien Racinais, Janne Bouten","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109607","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109607","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"447-449"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air quality, respiratory health and performance in athletes: a summary of the IOC consensus subgroup narrative review on 'Acute Respiratory Illness in Athletes'.","authors":"Valerie Bougault, Christopher Carlsten, Paolo Emilio Adami, Nicola Sewry, Wolfgang Schobersberger, Torbjørn Soligard, Lars Engebretsen, Richard Budgett, Martin Schwellnus, Ken Fitch","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109145","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the WHO stating that nearly 99% of the global population is exposed to air pollution levels that increase the risk of chronic diseases, the question of exercising in polluted environments is relevant to the health of athletes. Major sporting events held under conditions of poor air quality (AQ) have highlighted the lack of answers to concerns raised by organisers and athletes about the associated health risks. This evidence-based narrative review compiles current knowledge and identifies gaps regarding the relationship between AQ and sport. It is a summary of a more comprehensive report prepared for the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Medical and Scientific Commission. This article discusses the various sources of air pollutants encountered during exercise, summarises current AQ guidelines and provides insights into AQ conditions during the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games (OPG) as well as in Los Angeles over the past four summers, in preparation for the 2028 OPG. It also summarises the effects of air pollution on the respiratory health and performance of athletes, while proposing mitigation strategies, with a particular emphasis on AQ education.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"480-490"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}